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MICROBIOLOGY > Pathogenicity and Epidemiology > Flashcards

Pathogenicity and Epidemiology Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

How did the foundation of epidemiology started?

A

When John Snow discover the action of Cholera

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2
Q

What is Epidemiology in your own words?

A

A study to the occurence and prevention of infection disease.

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3
Q

Pathogenicity refers to?

A

the ability to caused disease

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4
Q

Give me 3 reasons why infection may not take place?

A
  • Microbe antagonism
    -Health and Immunity of the host
  • Unsupportive site for growth
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5
Q

What is the most common microflora of the skin?

A
  • Staphylococcus
  • Corynebacterium
  • Propionibacterium
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6
Q

What parts of the ear is usually sterile?

A

Middle and inner ear

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7
Q

Upper respiratory tract mostly consist of?

A

Opportunistic microbes

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8
Q

What is the common indigenous microflora of the mouth?

A

Alpha-hemolytic streptococci

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8
Q

Causes plaque in the mouth?

A

Streptococci mutans

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9
Q

Contains the largest variety of microbes?

A

Colon

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10
Q

What expels microbes from cervix to vagina?

A

Cilia and mucus

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11
Q

What is cilia

A

A part of a cell that is involved in locomotion.

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12
Q

What is microbial antagonism?

A
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13
Q

What is mutualism?

A
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14
Q

What is commensalism?

A
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15
Q

What is symbiosis?

A
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16
Q

What is meningitis?

A

An inflammation in the protective membrane of the brain and spinal cord

17
Q

Where does Neisseria meningitidis normally resides?

A

Respiratory tract

18
Q

Where does streptococcus pneumoniae normally resides?

A

Nose and throat

19
Q

Give me 3 phrases that describes the Koch’s postulates

A
  • isolated suspected microbes
  • purely cultured and inoculated in a healthy animal
  • must be the same to the original
20
Q

this is the period where the patient would start to feel sick?

A

Prodromal period

21
Q

this is the period where the patient would fully regain its strength?

A

Convalescence period

22
Q

What is the other word for reservoir?

A

Carrier

23
Q

What is chronic carrier?

A

a carrier that would eventually possess symptoms

24
Q

What is convalescence carrier?

A

an acknowledged cured patient that still able to transmit disease

25
Q

What is incubation carrier?

A

a carrier who acquired a contagious disease during incubation period

26
Q

what is fomite?

A

An object or body of earth that contains pathogens

27
Q

Transmission of disease from fomites

A

Indirect contact transmission

28
Q

transmission of disease through vector’s BITE?

A

Biological transmission

29
Q

transmission of disease through vector’s body part?

A

Manual transmission

30
Q

The searching of factors that preceded the infection

A

Case control method

31
Q

Collecting all data that would be used to describe the center of the study

A

Descriptive epidemiology

32
Q

Exoenzyme producing pathogens is considered a virulence factors, why?

A

those enzymes are meant to invade immune system response

33
Q

What does Iga protease does to the immune system of the host?

A

Kills the Iga antibodies

34
Q

How does immune system activates?

A

When it sensed an antigen that is all found on pathogens

35
Q

The area of a cell exterior where the pathogens adheres?

A

Receptors/Integrins

36
Q

A part of the pathogen that enables to recognize the integrin of the host?

A

Adhesins/ligands

37
Q

Dissolve hyaluronic acid to allow deeper penetration into tissues

A

Hyaluronidase

38
Q

Causes massive destruction of tissues

A

Necrotizing enzyme

39
Q

An enzyme that destroys host cell membrane

A

Lecithinase

40
Q

What toxin is (A) is attached to the gram-negative wall (B) and that is inside the cell?

A

A. Endotoxin
B. Exotoxin

41
Q

Releases cytotoxin and causes pseudoembranous colitis

A

C. difficile toxin B

MICROBIOLOGY (6 decks)

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