Pathogenesis and Infection

Question 1

Identify the principal portals of entry for pathogens

Answer 1

• Mucous membranes
• Skin
• Parenteral route
  –Deposited directly into tissues when barriers are penetrated
  –Ex: injections, bites, wounds, cuts, surgery, etc.

Question 2

Pathogen

Answer 2

Microbe that causes disease

Question 3

True Pathogen

Answer 3

Does not require weakened host to cause disease; never a part of normal microbiota

Question 4

Opportunistic Pathogen

Answer 4

Agent of disease under certain circumstances; only cause disease when their host is weakened OR can be normal microbiota that enters a different body site

Question 5

Pathogenicity

Answer 5

Ability of a microbe to cause disease

Question 6

Coagulase

Answer 6

A bacterial enzyme that causes blood plasma to clot.

Question 7

Kinases

Answer 7

A bacterial enzyme that breaks down fibrin (blood clots)

Question 8

Hyaluronidase

Answer 8

An enzyme secreted by certain bacteria that hydrolyzes hyaluronic acid and helps spread microorganisms from their initial site of infection

Question 9

Collagenase

Answer 9

An enzyme that hydrolyzes collagen

Question 10

IgA

Answer 10

The class of antibodies found in secretions

Question 11

IgA Proteases

Answer 11

Defend against adherence of pathogens to mucosal surfaces

Question 12

IgD

Answer 12

The class of antibodies found on B cells

Question 13

IgE

Answer 13

The class of antibodies involved in hypersensitivities

Question 14

IgG

Answer 14

The most abundant class of antibodies in serum

Question 15

IgM

Answer 15

The first class of antibodies to appear after exposure to an antigen

Question 16

Antigenic variation

Answer 16

Changes in surface antigens that occur in a microbial population