Pathogenesis Flashcards
3 factors affecting pathogenesis
Pathogen
Host
Environment
Infective dose of Coxiella (Q fever)
1
Infective dose of shigella
10
Infective dose of Salmonella
100-1000
What is prodromal period?
When you feel disease coming
3 acute disease
Measles
Mumps
Flu
3 chronic diseases
TB
Leprosy
Syphilis
What is an example of a subacute disease?
Bacterial endocarditis
Is Gonorrhea symptomatic?
It’s symptomatic in males right away and in females months later
Is Trichomoniasis symptomatic?
It’s only symptomatic in females (which makes it hard to tract contact for males)
2 examples of latent diseases
Herpes & Chickenpox
How long does it take for syphilis tertiary phase?
5-50 years
How long does it take for syphilis secondary phase?
2-6 months
Virulence factors (3)
Integrin (receptor)
Adhesion (ligand)
Pili (fimbriae)
Adhesion & Receptor of GAS
Adhesion = Protein F
Receptor = fibronectin
Adhesion & Receptor of HIV
Adhesion: gp120
Receptor: CD4
What virulent factor is considered a colonization factor?
Fimbriae (pili)
Obligate intracellular pathogens
Chlamydia
Rickettsia
Ehrlichia
(Sporozoan protozoa;)
Plasmodium
Bebesia
2 Types of ehrlichia infections
Anaplasma (PMNL)
Ehrlichia (Monocyte)
4 microbial mechanisms to escape host
Camouflage
Molecular mimicry
Antigenic variation
Destruction of antibodies
Which microbe uses camouflage?
Schistosomes
Which microbe uses molecular mimicry?
GAS > Hyaluronic acid capsule similar to humans
Mycoplasma pneumoniae > Makes cell fight own Ags
Which microbe uses Antigenic variation?
Flu
HIV
Gonococcus
Borrelia
Trypanosomes (sleeping sick)
Which microbe uses Destruction of Abs?
H. Flu
Gonococcus
Pneumococcus
What does S. Aureus exoenzyme do ?
Coagulation
Which bacteria use kinases?
Strep & Staph
Which MOs produce Hyaluronidase exotoxin?
Strep , staph, Clostridium
2 Necrotizing enzyme examples
Flesh eating GAS
Clostridium
Which 2 MOs produce neurotoxins?
Clostridium tetani (tetanus)
Clostridium botulinum
How does tetansospasmin work?
Inhibiting GABA release
How does botulinal toxin work?
Block release of Ach
Which MOs cause enterotoxin
Bacillus cereus
C. Difficile
Salmonella
C. Perfringens
Vibra cholerae
(to)
S. Aureus
What does SSSS stand for
Staph Scalded skin syndrome
What does STSS stand for?
Staph toxic shock syndrome
Causes of STSS
Tampon
Nasal packing
Wounds
What disease does GAS’s eythrogenic toxin cause?
Scarlet fever
4 Potent exotoxins (sAg)
TSST-1
Enterotoxins (S. Aureus)
Enterotoxin (C. Perfringes)
Erythrogen toxin
What is a superantigen?
Stimulates MHCII with very high potency and cause toxic shock
What toxin causes septic shock?
G- endotoxin
What toxin causes Toxic shock?
S. Aureus exotoxin
4 exotoxins that inhibit protein synthesis?
C. Diphtheria
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Shigella
E. Coli
What toxin does E. Coli release?
Shiga like toxin
Only pathogenic fungi (yeast) with a capsule?
Cryptococcus neoformans
5 G+ bacteria with capsule?
Pneumococcus
S. Aureus/Epidermidis
Strep. Pyogenes/Agalactiae
What kind of capsule does GBS (S. Agalactiae) have?
Sialic acid
Bacteria with polypeptide capsule
Bacillus anthracis
