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Musculoskeletal Practice I > Pathoanatomical Sources of LBP > Flashcards

Pathoanatomical Sources of LBP Flashcards

1
Q

What are the abnormal stresses that will cause a fracture?

A

Acute fracture and stress fracture

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2
Q

What normal stresses may cause fracture on unhealthy bone?

A

‘relative’ trauma to bone
osteoporosis

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3
Q

What is the pain description a pt may give when suspecting spinal fracture?

A
  • significant, persistant, “deep” pain in the bone
  • severe/unstable fx - radicular symptoms or cauda equina symptoms
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4
Q

What are some physical exam signs that may come up when suspecting spinal fracture?

A
  • painful splinting with P/AROM, wt bearing, etc.
  • Palpation: pain on ‘both sides’ of the bone
  • sensitive to vibration
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5
Q

What type of fracture is this?

  • Common in thoracic and lumbar spine
    MOI
  • ‘compressive’ mechanism
  • ‘relative trauma’
A

Vertebral Compression Fracture

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6
Q

Which Grade of Vertebral Compression Fracture is this?

  • 0 - 20/25% reduction in vertebral height (ant/mid or post)
A

Grade 1 - Mild

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7
Q

Which Grade of Vertebral Compression Fracture is this?

  • 20 - 40% reduction in vertebral height
A

Grade 2 - Moderate

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8
Q

Which Grade of Vertebral Compression Fracture is this?

  • > 40% reduction in vertebral height
A

Grade 3 - Severe

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9
Q

What is ‘true’ spinal instability?

A
  • trauma or severe pathology
  • requires medical intervention to stabilize
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10
Q

What is the following a definition of?

  • Degenerative changes in IVD, any aspect of the joint, degenerative joint disease, osteoarthritis
  • defect in the pars interarticularis of a vertebra
A

Spondylosis

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11
Q

What is the following a definition of?

Region the inferior and superior articular process

A

Pars Interarticulatirs

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12
Q

What is the following a definition of?

foward ‘slipping’ or anterior displacement of one vertebral body in relation to the vertebral body immediately below it due to bilateral pars defect

A

Spondylolisthesis

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13
Q

Which type of spondylolisthesis is this?

Congentital spondylolisthesis

A

Type I

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14
Q

Which type of spondylolisthesis is this?

  • Isthmic Spondylolisthesis
  • ‘classic’ presentation od adolescent patient
A

Type II

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15
Q

Which type of spondylolisthesis is this?

Degenerative spondylolisthesis

A

Type III

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16
Q

Which type of spondylolisthesis is this?

Traumatic Spondylolisthesis

A

Type IV

17
Q

Which type of spondylolisthesis is this?

Pathologic Spondylolisthesis

A

Type V

18
Q

What is the following a definition of?

Backward displacement of one vertebra on the other

A

Retrolisthesis

19
Q

What is the following a definition of?

Gradual progression of disc degneration and articular cartilage mechanical breakdown

A

Osteoarthritis

20
Q

What are osteophytes referred to as?

A

Bone spurs

21
Q

What is the following a definition of?

Spinal nerve root impingment due to space occupying lesion in vertebral canal of IVF

A

Radiculopathy

22
Q

What are the causes of radiculopathy

A
  • Disc pathology
  • Bone pathology of vertebra
23
Q

What are the most common nerve roots involved in Radiculopathy from HNP?

A

L5 - S1 radiculopathy followed by L4

24
Q

What are the following symptoms of?

  • c/o LE pain/paresthesia along nerve root pattern
  • may or may not have back pain
  • coughing, sneezing (valsalva maneuver) provoke pain
  • worse with trunk flexion
  • c/o weakness - muscle weakness supplied by nerve root
A

Radiculopathy from HNP

25
Q

What is the following a definition of?

  • outer 1/3 of annulus is innervated
  • torision + flexion can injure annulus
  • radial fissures that develop in the inner 2/3 of annulus reach outer 1/3
  • radial fissuring in the annulus precedes disc prolapse
  • prolapse can occur gradually with reptitive overload
  • chemical irritation of the nerve root leads to radicular pain
A

Discogenic Pain

26
Q

What has this pathology?

  • Degenerative changes of disc
  • Fissures devlop
  • Reduced ability to maintain fluid flow
A

Degnerative Disc Disease

27
Q

What mechanical consequences is this?

  • reduced ability to absorb compressive forces
  • abnormal mechanical stress of on posterior structure (facet jt)
A

Degenerative Disc Disease

28
Q

What is the following a definition of?

narrowing of vertebral canal and/or intervertebral foramen (IVF)/neuroforamen

A

Spinal Stenosis

Musculoskeletal Practice I (15 decks)

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