PATHO-- RBC's, anemias, alterations in homeostasis Flashcards
aplastic anemia
stem cell disorder characterized by reduction of hematopoietic tissue in bone marrow and pancytopenia (reduction in WBC, RBC, platelets)
aplastic anemia etiologies
toxic, radiant, or immunologic injury to bone marrow stem cells
aplastic anemia clinical manifestations
late symptoms–fatigue, tachycardia, weakness, lethargy. Pancytopenia
labs of aplastic anemia findings
RBC’s are normocytic and normochromic
aplastic anemia treatment
bone marrow transplant
anemia of chronic renal failure
failure of renal function impairs erythropoietin production and bone marrow compensation
anemia of chronic renal failure labs
decreased RBC count with low HCT and HGB level
anemia of chronic renal failure treatment
dialysis and administration of erythropoietin
RBC appearance in labs anemia of chronic renal failure
normocytic, normochromic
pernicious anemia etiology
lack of intrinsic factor causes vitamin B-12 deficiency due to malabsorption of vitamin b-12
pernicious anemia lab findings
low RBC, WBC, and platelets, increased MCV
RBC appearance in labs pernicious anemia
microcytic
pernicious anemia clinical manifestations
pallor, fatigue, sore tongue, anaorexia, nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain
pernicious anemia neurological manifestations
Paresthesias of hands and feet, reduced vibratory position and sense, muscle weakness, impaired thought process
folate deficiency anemia etiologies
poor dietary intake,
folate deficiency anemia cells
macrocytic, normochromic
iron deficiency anemia etiologies
inadequate diet, malabsorption of iron, blood loss
iron deficiency anemia pathogenesis
body’s Fe+ stores depleted, lack of Fe+ for bone marrow which leads to iron deficient RBC production
iron deficiency anemia clinical manifestations
pallor, fatigue, hypoactivity, pica, glossitis
iron deficiency anemia lab findings
hypochromic and microcytic RBC’s, low MCV, MCH, and MCHC, TIBC increased
iron deficiency anemia treatment
PO ferrous sulfate or IV ferrous gluconate
thalassemia etiology
is a GENETIC DISORDER group associated with presence of mutant genes