Patho Exam 1 Flashcards
Atrophy
-Decrease in cell size
Usually caused by disease or ischemia
Hypertrophy
Increase in the mass of the cell
Cardiac Muscle
Skeletal Muscle
Kidneys
Hyperplasia
Increase in the number of cells of a tissue or organ
Uterine lining during menstruation or pregnancy
Metaplasia
An adaptive substitution to a different, hardier cell line
Smokers Trachea
Dysplasia
A change to an abnormal cell line by size, shape, and appearance.
Precancerous cells.
Hypoxia
Tissue hypoxia is when cells are deprived of oxygen
Contusion
Bleeding into the skin or underlying tissue
Hematoma
A collection of blood in an enclosed space
Coagulative Necrosis
Caused by protein denaturation
Common in Kidneys, Heart, and Adrenal Glands.
Key protein: ALBUMIN
Liquefactive Necrosis
Occurs in Neurons and glial cells of the CNS.
Too many digestive enzymes cause the neural tissue to become soft and liquefy.
Caseous Necrosis
Combo of Coagulative and Liquefactive Necrosis
TUBERCULOSIS
Fat Necrosis
Occurs in Breast, pancreas, and abdominal tissues
Caused by Lipases, that are found in very high levels in the fat tissues. They break down triglycerides, releasing free fatty acids and they combine with calcium magnesium and sodium to form soaps.
Gangrenous Necrosis
wide-spread death of tissue due to Hypoxia.
Wet
Dry
Gas
Apoptosis
Cell death involved in normal & pathologic conditions.
Protein signals
cell shrinkage
