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Maddy - GI II Exam I - some pharm > Path - Small Intestine and Colon - Micro > Flashcards

Path - Small Intestine and Colon - Micro Flashcards

1
Q

clinical features of ETEC

A

severe watery diarrhea

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2
Q

clinical features of c. diff (pseudomembranous colitis)

A

watery diarrhea, fever

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3
Q

mode of transmission EIEC

A

cheese, other foods, water

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4
Q

which microorganisms can cause reactive arthritis in HLA-B27 patients?

A
  • vibrio cholera

- shigella

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5
Q

mode of transmission C. diff

A

antibiotics allow emergence

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6
Q

clinical features of EHEC

A

bloody diarrhea

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7
Q

mode of transmission campylobacter spp

A

poultry, milk, other foods

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8
Q

clinical features enterobius cermicularis (pinworms)

A

rectal and perineal itching

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9
Q

clinical features of enteric (typhoid) fever (salmonella typhi)

A

bloody diarrhea, fever

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10
Q

clinical features of EIEC

A

bloody diarrhea

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11
Q

clinical features of yersinia

A

abd pain, fever, diarrhea

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12
Q

clinical features of shigella

A

bloody diarrhea

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13
Q

mode of transmission shigella

A

fecal-oral, food, water

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14
Q

mode of transmission salmonella

A

meat, poultry, eggs, milk

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15
Q

clinical features of salmonellosis

A

watery or bloody diarrhea

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16
Q

clinical features intestinal cestodes

  • diphyllobothrium latum (fish tapeworms)
  • taenia solium (pork tapeworms)
  • hymenolepis nana (dwarf tapeworms)
A

abd pain, diarrhea, nausea

majority are asymptomatic though

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17
Q

clinical features norovirus

A

nausea, vomiting, watery diarrhea, abd pain

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18
Q

mode of transmission yersinia

A

pork, milk, water

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19
Q

clinical features of EAEC

A

nonbloody diarrhea, afebrile

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20
Q

4 properties of virulence for campylobacter spp

A
  • motility
  • adherence
  • toxin production
  • invasion
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21
Q

mode of transmission EPEC

A

fecal-oral

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22
Q

pathogenesis ETEC

A

produces heat-labile toxin (LT) and heat-stabile toxin (ST) –> induce chloride and water secretion while inhibiting intestinal fluid absorption

23
Q

most common bacterial enteric pathogen in developed countries and an important cause of traveler’s diarrhea

A

campylobacter jejuni

24
Q

pathogenesis yersinia

A

invade M cells and use adhesins to bind to B1 integrins –> pathogenicity island encodes iron uptake system (iron enhances virulence and dissemination)

25
Q

mode of transmission vibrio cholera

A

fecal-oral, water, shellfish

26
Q

clinical features entamoeba histolytica

A

abd pain, bloody diarrhea, weight loss

27
Q

clinical features giardia lamblia

A

acute or chronic diarrhea, malabsorption, weight loss

28
Q

pathogenesis of shigella

A

taken up by M cells in intestine –> proliferate intracellularly –> escape into lamina propria –> phagocytosed by macrophages –> induce apoptosis –> epithelial damage which allows shigella within intestinal lumen to gain access to basolateral membranes

29
Q

pathogenesis EHEC

A

O157:H7 and non-O157:H7 produce shiga-like toxins

30
Q

pathogenesis EIEC

A

invade epithelial cells and cause non-specific features of acute self-limiting colitis
(NO shiga toxin)

31
Q

mode of transmission whipple disease (Tropheryma whippelii)

A

unkown

32
Q

pathogenesis whipple dz (tropheryma whippelii)

A

organism-laden macrophages accumulate within the small intestinal lamina propria and mesenteric lymph nodes –> impaired lymphatic transport

33
Q

mode of transmission enteric (typhoid) fever (salmonella typhi)

A

fecal-oral, water

34
Q

clinical features strongyloides

A

eosinophilia

35
Q

pathogenesis EPEC

A

produce attaching and effacing lesions in which bacteria attach tightly to enterocyte apical membrane and cause local loss (effacement) of microvilli
(NO shiga toxin)

36
Q

clinical features of campylobacter spp.

A

watery or bloody diarrhea

37
Q

pathogenesis rotavirus

A

selectively infects and destroys mature enterocytes in small intestine

38
Q

pathogenesis tyhpoid fever (salmonella tyhpi)

A

taken up by M cells in intestine –> engulfed by mononuclear cells in underlying lymphoid tissue –> disseminate in the blood and lymph

39
Q

mode of transmission ETEC

A

food or fecal-oral

40
Q

clinical features ascaris lumbricoides

A

physical obstruction of intestine or biliary tree, hepatic abscesses, pneumonitis

41
Q

mode of transmission EAEC

A

unkown

42
Q

clinical features of EPEC

A

watery diarrhea

43
Q

clinical features cryptosporidium

A

watery diarrhea

44
Q

mode of transmission norovirus

A

large outbreaks: contaminated food or water

sporadic cases: person-person transmission

45
Q

mode of transmission EHEC

A

beef, milk, produce

46
Q

clinical features adenovirus

A

diarrhea, vomiting, abd pain

47
Q

principal cause of traveler’s dairrhea and spread via contaminated food or water

A

ETEC

48
Q

what microorganism can cause hemolytic uremic syndrome and ischemic colitis

A

EHEC

49
Q

pathogenesis c. diff (pseudomembranous colitis)

A

release toxins that cause ribosylation of small GTPases and lead to disruption of epithelial cytoskeleton, tight junction barrier loss, cytokine release, and apoptosis

50
Q

clinical features of whipple disease (Tropheryma whippelii)

A

malabsorption

51
Q

pathogenesis of salmonella (nontyphoid)

A

type III secretion system capable of transferring bacterial proteins into M cells and enterocytes –> activate Rho GTPases –> trigger actin rearrangement and bacterial endocytosis –> allows bacterial growth within endosomes

52
Q

clinical features of cholera

A

severe watery diarrhea

- “rice water stool”

53
Q

pathogenesis EAEC

A

attach to enterocytes via adherence fimbriae and aided by dispersin which neutralizes the negative surface charge of LPS
(NO shiga toxin)

54
Q

pathogenesis of vibrio cholera

A

stimulation of adenylate cyclase –> increase in intracellular cAMP –> opens CFTR –> releases CL- into lumen –> draws water into lumen –> severe watery diarrhea

Maddy - GI II Exam I - some pharm (23 decks)

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