Path final review Flashcards
This disease is characterized by intrahepatic bile duct infiltrates and granulomas within the portal tracts, eventual destruction of the bile ducts leads to cholestasis and fibrosis. How is this disease diagnosed?
Liver biospy with the presence of anti-mitochondrial antibodies
primary biliary cirrhosis
xanthomas are characteristic of primary or secondary biliary cirrhosis? What are they composed of?
primary
composed of lipid laden Macrophages
deposited subcutaneously in face, ears, elbows, fingers ect.
This disease is characteristed by destruction of the intrahepatic bile ducts with progression to cirrhosis and is …
1 auto-immune and affects women more than men
2 auto-immune and affects men more than women
3 non auto immune w/m
4 non auto immune m/w
1 auto immune and affects women 9:1 over men
primary biliary cirrhosis
This disease is characterized by prolonged obstruction of the extrahepatic biliary tree and is most commonly caused by what?
secondary biliary cirrhosis
gallstones in the common bile duct pancreatic tumors (head)
In secondary biliary cirrhosis obstruction of the biliary tree leads to inflammation and fibrosis; this results in the liver having what type of gross appearance?
dark green and hard
How do the bile ducts, bile, and portal tracts appear microscopically in secondary biliary cirrhosis?
bile ducts are dilated and distended, bile is thick, and the portal tracts are inflamed and full of neutrophils.
Signs and symptoms are typical of an obstructive jaundice causing cholestasis.
This liver disease results in the destruction of intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts with infiltrates and affects young men primarily. Those with this condition progress to having signs and symptoms consistent with secondary biliary cirrhosis; what evidence is there of immunopathogenesis?
This is primary sclerosing cholangitis and many of these patient have other immune disorders such as IBD.
The inciting antigen is unknown, and the prognosis is unfavorable.
The AR condition in which disordered Cu metabolism leads to an accumulation in the liver and can cause cirrhosis; but why is there Cu deposition in the eyes and brain?
Wilsons disease
With decreased ceruloplasmin, Cu binds to albumin in the blood and precipitates in the eyes (kayser-fleischer rings) and the brain (degeneration of basal ganglia and hemolytic episodes)
Who’s a highest risk of developing a hepatocellular adenoma? What’s the most feared complication?
Women taking oral contraceptive pills
This is a benign neoplasm that is highly vascularized and can cause death my exsanguination
This is the most important primary liver tumor in the world and originates in cirrhotic liver having its highest incidence in those with what conditions?
Hepatocellular carcinoma
cirrhosis secondary to HBV, HCV, and hemochromatosis
In those with with ETOH or primary biliary cirrhosis their risk for HCC is…
decreased compared to those with HBV, HCV, and hemochromatosis, but still greater than those with normal livers.
What are the 3 forms of HCC pathologically? What are the symptoms related to tumor growth?
Diffuse infiltrative lesions
solitary mass limited to a lobe
multiple nodules
Growth-painful, tender, enlarged
What do tumor cells in HCC secrete that can be useful for early diagnosis of primary malignant cells?
AFP alpha feto protein
What is Budd-Chiari syndrome and how do you get it?
Impeded outflow of venous blood from the liver secondary to obstruction (typically) of the hepatic vein. This can be the result of tumor invasion from HCC among other causes; liver enlargement is secondary to congestion.
Which rare angiosarcoma is associated with vinyl chloride workers in the rubber industry?
Kupffer cell sarcomas
