Path Final All Docs Flashcards
- Which of the following works with “Blood pressure”?
Renin
- What is the most common benign neoplasm of the breast?
b. Fibroadenoma
- Nephrotic syndrome has all of the following EXCEPT:
a. Hyperalbuminemia
- What is the most common site of Urothelial Carcinoma?
a. Bladder
new
6. In what type of inheritance is “Complete penetrance” common?
a. Autosomal recessive
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7. This is when one copy of the X chromosome is inactivated
Lyonization
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8. What disease has Cardiac problems? (something like this)
a. Marfan syndrome
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9. All of the following are diagnostic criteria of Neurofibromatosis EXCEPT:
a. Cafe au lait
b. Optic glioma
c. Neurofibroma
d. Lisch nodules
e. Whatever the correct choice was
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10. In which disease do you get the accumulation of gangliosides?
a. Tay-Sachs disease
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11. What deficiency is present in Hemophilia A?
Factor VIII deficiency
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12. All of the following are differentials for Traumatic ulcerations EXCEPT:
a. Deep fungal infection
b. Syphilitic ulcer
c. Squamous cell carcinoma
d. Whatever the correct answer was
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13. Which of the following tablets may cause a Chemical burn to occur?
Aspirin
- (Shows a picture of Palatal petechiae) All of the following are reasons this can occur EXCEPT:
a. Don’t remember the answer choice, but it was fairly obvious
Trauma from sex acts, violent coughing, viral infection (infectious mononucleosis)
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15. A patient just finished doing chemotherapy and has been struggling with some oral complications in the following weeks. Which of the following complications do you think the patient has?
Mucositis
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16. Patient has been complaining about inflammatory tissue due to a faulty fitting denture. They most likely has
Epulis fissuratum
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17. A patient had a tooth extraction done recently and has presented to your office with swelling around the extraction site. They most likely have
a. Myospherulosis
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18. (T/F) Maternal alcohol and tobacco use can be a risk factor for Orofacial clefts. The use of phenytoin possesses a 2x risk of getting Cleft lip.
a. First statement is true. Second statement is false
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19. This is congenital invagination of the lower lips
a. Paramedian lip pits
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20. Your patient presents with multiple yellow-white papules. What do you think it is?
a. Fordyce Granules
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21. This has a white appearance that disappear when mucosa stretched
a. Leukoedema
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22. Macroglossia question (don’t remember exactly what it was)
Macroglossia is caused by __________
Amyloidosis
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23. Lingual thyroids have a female predominance. In most cases, the ectopic gland is the only
thyroid tissue
a. Both statements are True
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24. Fissure tongue is often associated with
a. Geographic tongue
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25. This is often confused with the incisive foramen (idk it was something like that)
a. Nasopalatine duct cyst
- (Shows a picture of a lesion on the posterior lateral tongue) What is this lesion?
a. Lymphoepithelial cyst (at least I thought it was)
new
27. What group of agents is associated with “Acute myeloid leukemia”?
a. Benzene
In a super long table about work exposures
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28. Which of the following are NOT hallmarks of cancer?
d. Increased apoptosis
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29. Statement question about “Immunohistochemistry”
a. Honestly don’t remember what the question was
- Epstein Barr virus mostly affects what cells?
a. B lymphocytes
- Histo question on Fibroma
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32. In oral focal mucinosis, you get the overproduction of what?
a. Hyaluronic acid by fibroblasts
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33. You see a proliferation of Schwann cells and fibroblasts in this
Neurofibroma
Congenital Epulis
Granular Cell tumor
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36. What is the most common tumor of infancy?
a. Hemangioma
- Question about Lymphangioma
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38. What clinical presentation of Kaposi Sarcoma do you primarily see oral lesions in?
Epidemic
squamous papilloma
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40. In Condyloma Acuminatum, HPV 6 + 11 is the most common type. It is a common sexually transmitted disease
Both statements true
- Presents as dark keratin patches on the skin
Seborrheic keratosis
new
Can you get a normal appearance after habit cessation?
It is Tobacco Pouch keratosis and you can get a normal appearance after cessation
new
43. Maybe a question about frictional keratosis
White keratotic areas, produced by trauma, teeth, ill fitting dentures
new
Which of the following can lead to cancer? (Maybe a picture??)
Leukoplakia
Actinic cheilitis
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
new
Question about Proliferative Verrucous Leukoplakia and its transformation rate
70→ 100% transformation rate
new
48. What type of HPV positive Oropharyngeal SCC is on the rise?
a. HPV (+) Oropharyngeal with Sexual behavior is on the rise
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49. What does the “E” in the ABCDEs of melanoma stand for?
a. Evolution
- What is the order for HIV replication?
a. Binding, fusion, reverse transcription, integration, replication, assembly, budding
- Sulfur granules are associated with
a. Actinomycosis
- What is the primary cell of chronic inflammation?
a. Mononuclear cell
- (Shows you a picture) Patient presents with this on the tongue. No exudate is present. What could it be?
Nodule
- The term “Hair on end” is used to describe what?
a. Thalassemia
- Krunkenberg tumors are often seen in
a. Ovaries
- This is associated with respiratory droplets
a. Covid-19
- What is a tissue with an epithelial lined cavity?
a. Periapical cyst
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66. What is the name for malignant blood vessels?
Angiosarcoma
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67. What is the name for malignant cartilage?
a. Chondrosarcoma
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1. Head and neck malignancy?
Gardner
- Yellowing of gingiva?
Jaundice
- Mesothelioma is a benign outgrowth of the pleura. It decreases with asbestos exposure
a. Both false– malignant; increases
- COPD - consist of what two things:
a. Chronic bronchitis and emphysema
new
6. Precursor to squamous cell carcinoma
a. Erythroleukoplakia
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12. T/F Tall patient had pheochromocytoma and mucosal neuromas. This is type MEN Type 2A
a. False– MEN type 2B
- Which of following does not cause gingival hyperplasia
a. Perry romberg
- Which antibody is found in bodily secretions, GI, saliva, tears
a. IgA
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18. Invasion of abnormal squamous epithelium into connective tissue in seen
a. Squamous cell carcinoma
- Cell associated with granulomatous inflammation
d. Active macrophage
n/a
21. What is true of paramedian lip pits
b. Express saliva
- Healing by primary intention pulls margin together, secondary intention don’t pull margins together
a. Both True
- Order these terms in increasing size: Purpura, Petechiae, and Ecchymosis
a. Petechiae → Purpura → ecchymosis
- Low virulence will threaten …
b. Immunocompromised patients
n/a
26. If you think someone has blood under their skin, what is the technique, you use to blanch?
Diascopy
n/a
27. Munchausen syndrome is example of
a. Factitial injury
n/a
29. Tetracycline staining
a. Intrinsic
- True/ False radiation kills only tumor cells
a. False– radiation kills both tumor and normal cells
new
31. Least concerned with pigmented lesion
b. Diameter <6cm
n/a
32. Cleft lip is:
a. Failure of fusion of the maxillary and medial nasal processes
n/a
33. Which of the following doesn’t present with facial asymmetry?
a. Marie Santon disease
new
34. Fordyce granules are what kinds of glands?
a. Ectopic sebaceous glands
n/a
35. Port-wine nevus distribution is
CN V
new
36. Branchial cyst is histologically similar to a:
a. Lymphoepithelial
n/a
38. Cystic Hygroma involves what type of vessels?
Lymphatic
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39. Exclusively on skin??????
a. Basal cell carcinoma???
n/a
40. Giant cell arteritis
Temporal artery
- Philadelphia chromosome
CML
n/a
42. Treatment of stable angina
a. Nitroglycerin
new
44. T/F Left-sided heart failure leads to pulmonary edema
True
new
46. Verocay bodies
b. Neuroma (Acoustic Neuroma aka Schwannoma)
- Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis - what type of hypersensitivity rxn?
a. Type III (immune mediated)
new
49. One that asked about the cells changing but not breaking basement membrane
Dysplasia
- Which displays spontaneous regression?
Hemangioma
- Non-vital tooth, tissue lined cavity
a. Periapical cyst
na
54. Developing overgrowth of tissues native to site
b. Hamartoma
- Breast cancer frequently occurs
a. Upper outer quadrant
New
56. Risk of squamous cell carcinoma EXCEPT
c. HPV6&11
- Benign smooth muscle
Leiomyoma
a. NOT Rhabdomyosarcoma (this is malignant of skeletal muscle)
- Malignant tumor of lymphocytes
a. Lymphoma
- Benign adipose tissue
Lipoma
- Malignant glandular epithelium
Adenocarcinoma
- What is the most common cause of right-sided heart failure?
c. Left-sided heart failure
- Glomerulonephritis is usually caused by a retrograde infection in genitourinary tract.
Pyelonephritis is an immune complex-mediated disease.
d. Both statements are false → flipped
- What terminology is used to describe invagination of the small intestines into itself, leading to necrosis?
b. Intussusception
- Patients with Barret’s esophagus are at risk for developing what type of cancer?
a. Adenocarcinoma
- Krukenburg tumor is used to describe metastasis of an adenocarcinoma to the
c. Ovaries
- What is the average life span of an RBC in months?
c. 4 months
- A “hair-on-end” radiographic finding can be seen in which of the following?
c. Thalassemia
- A “step-ladder trabeculae” radiographic finding can be seen in which of the following?
a. Sickle cell anemia
- Sickle cell anemia occurs due to substitution of valine to
b. Glutamine
- Patients with Plummer-Vinson syndrome present with all of the following except?
c. Pernicious anemia
- Which anemia is considered autoimmune disease?
b. Vitamin B12 anemia (aka pernicious)
- What is the most common anemia?
b. Iron-deficiency anemia
- Which of the following presents with mucocutaneus lesions and bronzing?
a. Addison’s disease
- Patient presents with sloughy, enlarged gingiva. What type of leukemia would you suspect?
b. AML
- Which of the following do you expect to see during bacterial infections?
a. Neutrophilia
- Which of the following presents with pheochromocytoma and mucosal neuromas?
c. MEN 2B
- Which pancreatic cell releases insulin?
b. Beta cell
- If a child has periodic aphthous-like ulcerations and periodontitis, which of the following
does the patient have most likely?
a. Cyclic neutropenia
- CML is associated with the Philadelphia chromosome which is a translocation between chromosomes
b. 9 to 22
- Which lymphoma is associated with Sjogren’s syndrome?
b. MALT lymphoma
- Which disease is characterized by granulomatous inflammation?
a. Crohn’s Disease
- Which of the following do not result from H. pylori infection?
c. Squamous cell carcinoma
- Hepatitis D relies on coinfection with?
b. Hepatitis B
- Meckel diverticulosis is the developmental defect of which organ?
a. Small intestine
What is the most common tumor of the liver?
Hepatocellular carcinoma
- Which of the following radiographic findings would you find with multiple myeloma?
b. Punched out holes
- Negri bodies are found in which of the following
b. Rabies
- Which of the following is not a manifestation of hyperparathyroidism?
e. Hyperplasia
- Which of the following is not an effect of insulin?
c. Decrease glucose uptake
- The most common congenital heart defect in humans is:
d. Ventricular septal defect
- Which of the following is LEAST likely to happen?
Astrocytoma (of the brain) metastasizes to cervical lymph nodes
Some tumors such as renal cell carcinoma may inappropriately secrete supraphysiologic of erythropoietin. The result could be:
Polycythemia
- In immune thrombocytopenic purpura platelet levels would be found to be
c. Below normal
- What is the most common primary tumor of the brain?
a. Glioblastoma multiforme
- Which of the following is a potential complication of cerebral edema?
c. Herniation of brainstem
- The most common cause of parenchymal brain hemorrhage is hypertension. The most
common cause of a cerebral vascular accident is?
a. Thrombosis of a vessel involved by atherosclerosis
- A two-year-old child has an abdominal mass and chronic low-grade fever. The mass is
biopsied and found to consist of several cell types, some of which form abortive glomeruli, others resemble skeletal muscle. The best diagnosis:
a. Wilm’s tumor
- Streptococcal glomerulonephritis is classified as a
c. Immune complex-mediated reaction
- Neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles are the major microscopic features of
Alzheimer disease. Alzheimer disease is the most common dementia of the elderly.
a. Both statements are true
- Left-sided heart failure may be associated with all of the following findings EXCEPT:
e. Lower extremity edema (not enough blood is being pumped out to body)
- Which blood type is known as the universal recipient?
c. Type AB
- Which of the following statements is true about fatty streaks?
b. Can eventually lead to thrombosis????
- A syphilitic aneurysm commonly occurs in the
b. Ascending aorta
- Rheumatic fever can cause mitral stenosis by
a. Inflammation reaction by antibodies reacting with cardiac antigens of Group A streptococcal bacteria
- Acute rheumatic fever that causes mitral stenosis is an example of a
b. Type II hypersensitivity reaction
- Intercostal notching and hypertension can be caused by?
c. Coarctation of the aorta
- It is recommended to get vaccinated against HPV subtypes 16 and 18 to prevent?
a. Squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix
- The astrocytoma is the most common primary malignant tumor of the brain. The most common malignant tumor in the brain is metastatic tumor.
True, true
- Aortic stenosis can cause concentric hypertrophy of the left ventricle.
True
- What is the best way to assess a patient’s blood sugar levels in a patient with Diabetes
Mellitus?
b. Monitor A1c
- All of the following are types of cells found in the CNS except
c. Islet cells
- Which of the following isn’t associated w viral meningitis/encephalitis?
c. Syphilis
- Define the pathogenesis of a prion disease and give an example of one
Abnormal forms of cellular protein cause transmissible neurodegenerative disorders.
Example – Creutschfield
A localized reduction or cessation of blood flow to a defined portion of the brain is called
a. Focal Cerebral Ischemia
- What causes MS (multiple sclerosis)?
Multiple areas of demyelination (plaques) in white matter of brain and spinal cord
- Individuals with sleep apnea have a 30% increased risk of morbidity and mortality?
True
- Concussion refers to ____ and contusion refers to ____
a. Clinical syndrome of altered consciousness secondary to head injury – sudden disruption of neuro fxn
b. Direct parenchymal injury of brain (bruising)
- A patient exhibits a unilateral proliferation of blood vessels (vascular nevus) involving the skin of the distribution of the 3rd branch of the trigeminal verve – what type of disease is this?
a. Developmental disease
- Circulating immune complexes filter out in small vessels and activate the complement cascade. C5a attracts neutrophils which cause local damaging inflammation… (can’t see rest)
a. Type III immune injury disease
- All of the following are autoimmune diseases except
b. Bruton’s hypogammaglobulinemia
- Which organ has a very low tolerance to edema?
a. Brain and lungs
- A karyogram shows a newborn has Klinefelter syndrome. What genotype would you expect to see?
a. 47 XXY
- Pts with Peuts – Jegher syndrome often first present with
c. Perioral freckling
- Grading of a malignancy is done by pathologists at the microscope. Staging done by clinician to determine distrubition of tumor in body
T/T
- A dx of squamous cell carcinoma can be made clinically
False
- Kaposi sarcoma is caused by the HIV
a. False (caused by HHV-8)
- Which of the following conditions isn’t a well established risk factor for breast cancer
b. Having a child
- What percentage of men develop prostate cancer by the age of 80?
a. 70%
- The oral lesions associated with ulcerative colitis are known as
pyostomatitis vegetans
- What terminology used to describe metastasis of an adenocarcinoma to the bilateral ovaries?
Krukenberg tumor
- What is average life span of a RBC in days?
120 days
- Sickle cell anemia occurs due to substitution bw which 2 amino acids?
Valine to Glutamine
- Pts with plummer vinson syndrome present with which type of anemia?
Iron deficiency
- Which anemia considered autoimmune disease
a. Hemolytic anemia
- In viral infection, which type of WBC is elevated?
a. Leukocyte (lymphocytes)????
- What immune deficiency is caused by having a pronounced decrease in # of neutrophils
a. Neutropenia
- When presenting with oral manifestation, which leukemia has a predilection for the gingiva
a. Acute myelogenous leukemia
- Which high grade lymphoma has a predilection for the jawbone of children and is associated with herpes IV?
a. Burkett’s lymphoma
- A malignancy of plasma cells is referred to as
multiple myeloma
- Name one medication that impairs ability of platelets to aggregate
a. Aspirin
- Right lung has 2 lobes?
False
- An aspirated crown more likely to be lodged in right side?
True
- What type of necrosis seen in TB?
Caseous necrosis
- Name three types of atelectasis?
a. Resorption, compression, contraction
- Which type of emphysema predominates in non-smokers?
a. Panacinar emphysema
- Name 3 diff types of lung cancers
a. Squamous cell carcinoma
b. Adenocarcinoma
c. Small cell carcinoma
- Name 3 diff hormones secreted by the anterior pituitary gland (FLAT PG)
a. GH
b. Prolactin
c. ACTH
- Excess secretion of GH after epiphyseal plates have closed results in which abnormality?
a. Acromegaly
- Which specific portion of adrenal gland secretes cortisol?
a. adrenal cortex → zona fasciculata
- What is the oral manifestation of MEN 2B
a. Mucosal neuromas
- Glucagon is secreted by which type of pancreatic cell?
a. Alpha cells
- Hep A considered STD?
True → FALSE???? Transmitted fecal oral route
- 25 yo man presents to oral surgery for extraction of #15 with divergent and dilacerated roots. When pt returned… cluster of painful small ulcerations that began as vesicles were noted on hard palate. On palpation, this lesion was not indurated and didn’t have a rolled border…. Or symptoms. Which of following is most appropriate dx?
a. Recurrent herpetic infection
- What’s the name of oral lesion in secondary syphilis?
a. Mucous patch
- Increase in overall size of tissue due to increase in size of cells
hypertrophy
- Name 2 periapical pathosis that can present as a periapical radiolucency associated with a non vital tooth
a. Periapical cyst and periapical granuloma
- Vomiting of fresh red blood is called…
Hematemesis
- Which type of colonic polyp has greatest incidence of undergoing malignant?
Familial adenomatous polyposis coli (FAP)
- What terminology is used to describe metastasis of an adenocarcinoma to the bilateral ovaries?
Krunkenberg
- Burkitt’s lymphoma is associated with what HHV?
a. HHV-4
- What is associated with alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency?
a. Panacinar emphysema
- What is associated with Regeneration of the Liver?
a. Hyperplasia
- Peripheral edema is associated with
a. Right-side heart
- All of the following are modifiable components of Atherosclerosis EXCEPT:
a. Family history
- Major clinical factor of Atherosclerosis
a. Hypertension
- What is a common tumor of the lungs?
a. Metastatic
- What type of collapsed lung is caused by obstruction of the airway?
a. Resorption
- What type of collapsed lung is caused by fluid within the pleural cavity?
a. Compression
- What type of collapsed lung is caused by local or generalized fibrotic changes?
a. Contraction
- A patient has type 1 diabetes to which they have to regularly take insulin shots. What type of disease would this be classified as?
a. Metabolic disease
- Hyperplastic candidiasis is best described as
d. White plaque that cannot be wiped off
- Which of the following Hepatitis are transmitted “Enterically”?
a. Hep A → (Hep E is also correct, but was not option on our exam)
- Which of the following are associated with Rheumatic heart disease?
a. Aschoff body
- What is the initial step to cause thrombosis to occur?
a. Injury to endothelial cells
- H. Pylori are found in all of the following except:
a. Chronic gastritis
b. Peptic ulcer disease
c. Adenocarcinoma
d. MALT lymphoma
→ asked (2x)
i. All of these answers were correct, I think she might have miss entered the
question
- These is presented with ulcerations on the tongue, bone loss, and chronic gingivitis
a. Cyclic neutropenia
- Which of the following is not part of the portal triad?
a. Arteriole
- Answers are portal vein, hepatic artery, and bile duct
- Which of the following is NOT a function of the hepatocyte?
a. Lipid metabolism
b. Produces bile
c. Protein synthesis
d. Whatever the correct answer was
- Which of the following is NOT a risk factor of cholesterol stones?
c. Insulin accumulation → it is insulin resistance
- All of the following are associated with hyperpituitarism except:
a. Sheehan syndrome
- What do capillaries do?
a. Exchange of gas and material between blood and tissues
- What is Stage 1 hypertension?
a. 130/80 mmHg
- Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, risk of developing:
a. Non- Hodgkin lymphoma
- Most pain receptors?
a. Pleural lining
- 55 yr old with swollen gingiva and bruising?
AML
- Surfactant is secreted by
a. Type II pneumocytes
b. Type I pneumocytes
- Histologically similar to parotid
a. Acinic cell carcinoma
- Histologically looks like swiss cheese
a. Adenoid cystic carcinoma (poor long-term prognosis)
- Histologically a mixture of ductal and myoepithelial elements
a. Pleomorphic adenoma
- Most common malignant salivary gland tumor
a. Mucoepidermoid carcinoma
- Salivary gland tumor that favors the hard palate
a. Polymorphous low grade adenocarcinoma
- most common benign salivary gland tumor
a. Pleomorphic adenoma (mixed benign tumor)
- Upper lip tumor
Monomorphic adenoma
- Carcinoid tumors secrete what hormone
a. Serotonin
- Peri-oral freckling occurs in what syndrome
a. Peutz-Jegher
- Peutz Jegher type of polyps
a. Hamartomatous polyps
- Most likely to be in the parotid gland
a. Papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum
- Which is autoimmune
a. Pernicious anemia
- Hair on end radiographic appearance
a. Thalassemia
- Most common leukemia in children
ALL
- Universal donor blood type
a. O
- Chipmunk face for thalassemia due to what
a. Compensatory hyperplasia of bone marrow
- Which of the following is true about congestive heart failure?
a. Right sided is caused by left sided
- Chronic congestive liver disease is caused by
a. Right sided heart failure
- Which of the following does not result from myocardial infarction?
a. Angina
- Complete loss of blood supply to the organ
a. Infarct
- Major contributor of osmotic colloid pressure
a. Albumin
- Sarcomas travel by hematogenous route and end in the lungs. Carcinomas travel via lymphatics and end up in the lymph nodes
a. Both true
- Loss of sympathetic innervation (aka Horner’s) causes all of the following except:
a. Exophthalmia
- Which is the most likely to metastasize
a. Squamous cell carcinoma
A young man gets rushed to the emergency room after a severe car crash that causes him to get 2nd and 3rd degree burns. What shock best describes what he would experience?
a. Hypovolemic shock
- Increased edema is due to which of the following?
a. Increased hydrostatic pressure, decreased colloid osmotic pressure
21.Which compartment holds the most fluid
a. Intracellular
35.If you have right heart failure
a. Pitting edema
- Inflammation edema are?
a. Protein rich
- Lymphatic filtration occurs in which compartment
b. Interstitial
3 parts of Virchows Triad:
Hyper-coagulability
Abnormal blood flow
Endothelial injury
0. Virchows triad does not include:
d. Epithelium
Which tissue is edema the least tolerated
a. Brain
- High levels of erythropoietin
a. Polycythemia
- Renal failure leads anemia why?
a. Kidney failure to produce erythropoietin
- Cyclical hyperplasia with incomplete involution of breast tissue may result in “lumpy/bumpy” breast. This has been referred to as:
a. fibrocystic disease
- What disease is a malignant neoplasm of the pleura associated with environmental asbestos exposure?
Mesothelioma
- What two diseases can a “hair on end” radiographic appearance be seen?
Sickle cell anemia and thalassemia
- What is an elevated WBC count that is a physiologic response to stress or viral infection?
Leukemoid rxn
CLL is characterized by
a. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
- What are the oral findings in multiple myeloma?
a. Macroglossia caused by amyloidosis
- What medication can cause irreversible functional platelet defects?
a. Aspirin
- What is hematemesis?
a. Vomiting of fresh, red blood
- What syndrome is characterized by mucosal atrophy, esophageal webs and dysphagia?
a. Plummer-Vinson syndrome
- Common cause of stroke (ask on discussion board)
a. Thrombus from atherosclerosis ???
- An escape of blood is called
Hemorrhage
- A patient exhibits a unilateral lesion composed of blood vessels (birthmark) that was present at birth. What type of disease is this?
a. Developmental disease
- What happens to the thymus as you get older?
a. Thymus involutes into a fatty mass
- Positive reaction to PPD (mantoux test), this is an example of
a. Type IV immune injury disease
- Which of the following is the best term for a radiolucency associated with a non-vital tooth
a. Periapical granuloma → this was the only choice that worked on our exam
- Which of the following is a dental manifestation in Congenital syphilis?
a. Hutchinson’s incisors
- Identification:
Plasma cell
- What viral induced disease can present with enlargement of the salivary glands?
Mumps
- Gumma is seen in what?
a. Tertiary syphilis
- All of the following is associated with actinomycosis, EXCEPT:
a. Fungal infection
Plaque
Ulcer
a. Recurrent aphthous stomatitis
- What vitamin is best for wound healing?
Vitamin C
- This is the end result of irreversible injury to a cell
a. Necrosis
The underlying cause of Rheumatoid arthritis is inflammation. Immunity is the reaction to an allergy
a. First statement is true, second statement is false
NO it is reaction to antigen/pathogen/living organism (infection)
- This is acute inflammation without consolidation that travels through the tissues
a. Cellulitis
- IgM switching includes all of the following except:
a. (don’t remember what the answer was)
Class switching: T cells stimulate B cells to switch their Ig
Originally express IgM and IgD
Switches the heavy chain
- Mast cells produce what?
a. Histamine
- Which of the following is NOT a type of candidiasis?
d. Migratory rhomboid glossitis
Vesicle
- Which of the following is NOT located in the cavernous sinus?
c. External carotid
- This is a severe complication of cavernous sinus thrombosis
a. Severe retrograde infection
Nodule
MAcule
- Radiograph picture asking what best describes it (TERRIBLE PICTURE)
Radiolucency
- Which of the following best describes the surface texture? (SHOWS PICTURE)
Papillary
- Clinical question about epithelial hyperplasia example
a. Papilloma
- Which of the following is associated with granulomatous inflammation?
a. Acid-fast bacilli
- Allergy mediated reactions are associated with which of the following?
b. Th2 → Eosinophil
- When a thrombus becomes dislodged from a vessel and travels to another site in the vasculature, this is called:
d. Embolization
- Pure hypertrophy occurs in
a. Skeletal muscle after working out
- The change of one mature cell type to another
a. Metaplasia
- Pyknosis is associated with
a. Shrinking of the nucleus
- Karyorrhexis is associated with
b. Fragmentation
10.Caseous necrosis is seen in
a. Tuberculosis infection
14.Which of the following diseases results in failure to kill
d. MPO deficiency
18 .Which cell type will produce most scarring
b. Neurons (also cardiac myocytes)
- What cells release histamine?
c. Mast cells
- T lymphocytes come from the _______ and then travel to the lymph node.
b. Thymus
26.Which of the following can cause transformations?
a. HHV-4 epstein barr
30.Which of the following is not present as a radiolucency
d. Parulis
39.Which of these is not an immunosuppressed disease?
a. Sjorens (autoimmune)
- What is an example of fibrosis hyperplasia?
a. Fibroma
- Infection of the blood
c. Septicemia
- The primary cell of acute inflammation
a. Neutrophils
Plasma cell
- What infectious disease is shown in this photo?
a. recurrent intra-oral herpes → hard tissue
- Myasthenia Gravis?
a. antibody inhibition
- A Lesion Cannot Be Considered Invisible And Molecular
False
- Diseases Are Named By All Of The Following Except:
e. They are named in a way to make classification standard
- The cause of a disease process is
a. Etiology
- The Mechanism Of Disease Development
b. Pathogenesis
- A Child Has To Be Given Intravenous Insulin Injections
d. Metabolic
- A Women Gets Biopsy For And Positive For Breast Cancer
c. Neoplastic
- Person did not get mmr vaccine and end up getting ruebella infection
b. Infectious
- Person has an allergic reaction to earrings
e. Immune-mediated
- Child is born with a birthmark
a. Developmental
- Pathological Atrophy Includes All The Following Except
d. Trophic Hormones
- Fat Necrosis Is Seen In
a. Acute Pancreatitis
- Which Antibody Crosses The Placental Barrier
IgG
- Which antibody is the first responder
a. IgM
- Which antibody is main second responder
IgG
- Which Antibody Plays Large Role In Hypersensitivity
a. IgE
- Which Antibody Is Found In Bodily Secretions,GI,saliva,tears
IgA
- Which Compliment Causes Opsonization
C3B
- Complement Activates Antibodies: T/F
False
- Which of the following is not outcome of acute inflammation
a. Acute Inflammation Go On Indefinitely
- Which complement molecule helps with leukocyte chemotaxis and inflammation
C5a
- Components Of Cyst
a. Epithelial Lining,wall, and lumen
- Granulomatous Tissue
a. Epithelioid Histiocytes, multinucleated giant cells, lymphocytes
Involves Macrophages
- Cd4+t helper cells interact with mhc2 and cd8+cytotoxic interact with mhc 1
True
- Which of the following would limit cellular immunity the most
a. Lacking Dendritic Cells
- Binding of IgE to mast cells resulting in degranulation of histamine - what type of hypersensitivity
a. Type 1 Hypersensitivity
- Type 1 Hypersensitivity - what Ab and what cell?
a. IgE and mast cells (releases histamine)
- Type 2 Hypersensitivity
a. Antibody Binding To Cells (rbc,platlets)
b. AChreceptor
c. Basement membrane (desmoglein of desmosomes and laminin of
basement membrane)
- Type 2 Hypersensitivity
a. Thrombocytopenic Purpura
- Type 4 Hypersensitivity
a. PPD tuberculosis skin test, contact dermatitis
- Xerostomia and Xerophthalmia associated with:
a. Sjogren Syndrome
- Which of the following is not an autoimmune disease
a. Granulomatous Disease Of Childhood
Antibody-coated erythrocytes go to spleen to be cleared. Which type of reaction is this?
a. Type II Hypersensitivity
- All Of These Are Important In Cell Mediated Immunity Except
b. Extracellular Bacteria→ HUMORAL immunity
AIDS has taught us that cell-mediated immunity (antibody independent or acquired specific immunity) is our first line of defense against all except:
d. Extracellular pathogens (eg. Staphylococci)
Which of the following is NOT a feature of primary herpetic gingivostomatitis?
b. Scarring
. An asymptomatic patient has a positive PPD test. What does this mean?
d. None of the above
. What is the longest-lived and most plentiful antibody?
d. IgG
. What antibody is a secretory antibody found in tears, saliva, etc?
a. IgA
. What antibody is first formed following exposure to antigen?
e. IgM
- Which antibody can cross the placenta?
d. IgG
- Which of the following is NOT a feature of secondary syphilis?
b. Chancre → primary
1. Patient presents with a purulent exudate draining from a sinus tract overlying the mandible. Yellow granules are observed upon close examination of the purulent material, suggesting the following:
b. Actinomycotic infection
1. Which of the following is related to infectious mononucleosis?
d. HHV4
1. A lesion cannot be considered molecular if it is a genetic mutation (something like that)
False
. What happens to the liver after surgical removal of a small portion?
a. Hyperplasia
Blood transfusion reaction is an example of what hypersensitivity reaction?
Type II
Thrombus on the valves of the heart are called
d. Vegetations
. Which presents as a unilateral dermatomal infection of face and oral mucosa
b. Herpes zoster (shingles)
. Which presents with koplik spots
a. Rubeola → measles
0. Gumma is presented in
d. Syphilis → tertiary
1. Kid presents with mandibular molar with hyperplasia toward the coronal end of the tooth
b. Chronic hyperplastic pulpitis
. The end of the sinus tract is
Parulis
. Which of the following is a complication of Ludwig Angina?
Aggressive, spreading cellulitis to multiple spaces - submental, sublingual, and submandibular
Neck swelling = airway obstruction and life threatening
Which of the following can have palatal petechiae?
b. Infectious mononucleosis
. Unwanted blood clot is called a
. Unwanted blood clot is called a
. Which of the following do we NOT look for in ideal biopsies?
d. Less than 1 cm
. Which medication was first linked to BRONJ?
a. Pretty sure it was bisphosphonates
0. What causes osteoradionecrosis?
a. Radiation
1. Radiation has no long term effects on oral health (something like that)
b. False
