path - digestive

Question 1

esophagus clinical manifestations

Answer 1

dysphagia, retrosternal pain, hematemesis

Question 2

achalasia

Answer 2

absence of peristalsis

Question 3

atresia

Answer 3

absence of lumen

Question 4

reflux esophagitis

Answer 4

injury resulting from regutgitation of gastric contents

Question 5

hiatal hernia

Answer 5

passage of the stomach into the thorax thru the opening in the diaphragm that allows the stomach to enter the thorax

Question 6

leiomyoma

Answer 6

tumor made of smooth muscle

Question 7

stomach clinical manifestations

Answer 7

pain and bleeding, loss of appetite and bleeding

Question 8

erosion

Answer 8

superficial epithelial and tunica mucosa

Question 9

ulcer

Answer 9

full thickness of tunica mucosa, deep

Question 10

acute erosive gastritis

Answer 10

common causes - drugs, stress ulcers, hyper-secretion of gastric acid, psychological factors

Question 11

peptic ulcer disease

Answer 11

causes helicobacter pylori infection

Question 12

Sm Intestine clinical manifestations

Answer 12

malabsorption, obstruction, perforation, bleeding, diarrhea and dysentery

Question 13

stenosis

Answer 13

incomplete stricture that narrows but does not occlude the lumen of the gut passageway

Question 14

duplications

Answer 14

extra section of the gut that may or may not communicate with the main passageway

Question 15

intussusception

Answer 15

telescopin bowel into itself

Question 16

volvulus

Answer 16

segmant of the bowel twists on its mesentery

Question 17

adhesion

Answer 17

arise from fibrous scar tissue caused by previous surgery, peritonitis, kinking, manipulation or compressing the bowel

Question 18

hernias

Answer 18

loops of small bowel passing thru inintended openings

Question 19

diverticulum

Answer 19

acquired herniation of the mucosa and submucosa through the muscular layer of the colon

Question 20

diverticulitis

Answer 20

inflammation at the base of a herniation of the mucosa and submucosa thru the muscular layer of the colon secondary to retained fecal material leading to necrosis

Question 21

cirrhosis

Answer 21

progrssive fibrosis the ultimately destroy the entire architechture of the liver

Question 22

cholecystitis

Answer 22

inflammation of the gallbladder secondary to prolonged blockage of the cys