Path - Alveolar Dz Flashcards
Radiology of exudative DAD
diffuse alveolar filling with air bronchograms
exudative DAD is due to endo- or epithelial injury leading to?
type II cell hyperplasia and slough of type I cells
mortality of acute DAD
50%
how is RDS of the newborn different from DAD?
the etiology is insufficient surfactant production
radiology of RDS of the newborn
diffuse alveolar filling with air bronchograms
name 3 autoimmune syndromes that cause alveolar hemorrhage
goodpasture’s, acute lupus pneumonitis, wegener’s granulomatosis
who is most likely to get goodpasture’s?
young adult males
pathology of goodpasture’s
anti-basement membrane IgG antibodies damage pulm and renal BMs (type 2 hypersensitivity rxn)
IF deposition of anti-GBM shows what pattern?
linear
acute lupus pneumonitis is most common in?
females
pathology of ALP
necrotizing capillaritis due to circulating immune complexes (type 3 hypersensitivity reaction)
IF deposition of immune complexes shows what pattern?
granular “lumpy bumpy”
what antibodies are detectable in the serum of a patient with SLE?
ANA or anti-dsDNA Ab
radiology of aspiration shows?
focal alveolar pattern, typically in RLL
aspiration of gastric acid leads to?
DAD
aspiration of foreign material leads to?
foreign body giant cell rxn (usually successfully clears it)
what is endogenous lipoid pneumonia?
a major central airway obstruction leads to lipid-laden macrophages (foamy macrophages) and giant cells in the lumen of the disconnected airspace
radiology of endogenous lipoid pneumonia
peripheral infiltrates +/- central mass
pathology of endogenous lipoid pneumonia
increased numbers of lipid-laden alveolar macrophages +/- cholesterol clefts, without foreign material
what does lipoid pneumonia look like (grossly)?
yellow gold color
radiology of pulmonary edema
increased vascular markings, reticular, can be nodular
pathology of pulm edema
venous and capillary congestion –> leaky tight jnct (from high hydrostatic pressure) –> transudate of free water into interstitium +/- alveoli
