Path - Alveolar Dz

Question 1

Radiology of exudative DAD

Answer 1

diffuse alveolar filling with air bronchograms

Question 2

exudative DAD is due to endo- or epithelial injury leading to?

Answer 2

type II cell hyperplasia and slough of type I cells

Question 3

mortality of acute DAD

Answer 3

50%

Question 4

how is RDS of the newborn different from DAD?

Answer 4

the etiology is insufficient surfactant production

Question 5

radiology of RDS of the newborn

Answer 5

diffuse alveolar filling with air bronchograms

Question 6

name 3 autoimmune syndromes that cause alveolar hemorrhage

Answer 6

goodpasture’s, acute lupus pneumonitis, wegener’s granulomatosis

Question 7

who is most likely to get goodpasture’s?

Answer 7

young adult males

Question 8

pathology of goodpasture’s

Answer 8

anti-basement membrane IgG antibodies damage pulm and renal BMs (type 2 hypersensitivity rxn)

Question 9

IF deposition of anti-GBM shows what pattern?

Answer 9

linear

Question 10

acute lupus pneumonitis is most common in?

Answer 10

females

Question 11

pathology of ALP

Answer 11

necrotizing capillaritis due to circulating immune complexes (type 3 hypersensitivity reaction)

Question 12

IF deposition of immune complexes shows what pattern?

Answer 12

granular “lumpy bumpy”

Question 13

what antibodies are detectable in the serum of a patient with SLE?

Answer 13

ANA or anti-dsDNA Ab

Question 14

radiology of aspiration shows?

Answer 14

focal alveolar pattern, typically in RLL

Question 15

aspiration of gastric acid leads to?

Answer 15

DAD

Question 16

aspiration of foreign material leads to?

Answer 16

foreign body giant cell rxn (usually successfully clears it)

Question 17

what is endogenous lipoid pneumonia?

Answer 17

a major central airway obstruction leads to lipid-laden macrophages (foamy macrophages) and giant cells in the lumen of the disconnected airspace

Question 18

radiology of endogenous lipoid pneumonia

Answer 18

peripheral infiltrates +/- central mass

Question 19

pathology of endogenous lipoid pneumonia

Answer 19

increased numbers of lipid-laden alveolar macrophages +/- cholesterol clefts, without foreign material

Question 20

what does lipoid pneumonia look like (grossly)?

Answer 20

yellow gold color

Question 21

radiology of pulmonary edema

Answer 21

increased vascular markings, reticular, can be nodular

Question 22

pathology of pulm edema

Answer 22

venous and capillary congestion –> leaky tight jnct (from high hydrostatic pressure) –> transudate of free water into interstitium +/- alveoli