Pastest Neuro Flashcards
What is the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in neonates
Listeria
Group B strep
What is the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in children
H. Influenza
What is the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in people 10- 21 years old
Meningococcal
What is the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in adults
Pneumococcal
What is the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in immunocompromised people
Strep Pneumonia
Neisseria
Listeria
What is the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in recent neurosurgery/trauma
Staph Aureus/ epidermidis
What is the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in a fracture of the cribriform plate
Pneumococcal
Which anti epileptic drug can rarely cause agranulocytosis/ aplastic anaemia
Carbamazepine
What should you suspect if someone presents with Foot drop, Pes Cavus, Scoliosis and a stamping gait
Heriditary Sensorimotor Neuropahty
Bilateral medial temporal lobe lesions could cause which syndrome and how would this present
Kluver-Bucy Syndrome
Hyper-sexuality and mouthing objects
What will an EEG show in Delirium
Diffuse slowing
Aphasia as a stroke symptom suggests which artery involvement
Dominant hemisphere MCA (usually left)
Syringomyelia tends to affect which sensory modality
Pain and temperature
A triad of Encephalopathy Oculomotor dysfunction Gait ataxia suggest what
B1 deficiency
Wernicke’s Encephalopathy
What is the difference between Bulbar Palsy and Pseudo-bulbar palsy
Bulbar palsy is impairment of CN IX, X, XI, XII with LMN signs
Pseudo-bulbar is with UMN signs
An elevated level of 14-3-3 protein in CSF suggests which disease
Creutzfeld- Jakob disease
Which disease progresses rapidly to Akinetic Mutism and has no cure
Creutzfeld- Jakob disease
What degenerates in ALS
Anterior Horn Cells and UMN’s in the motor cortex
If someone has an unprovoked first seizure, how long can they not drive for
6 months
If someone has their first seizure and an underlying cause is identified, how long can they not drive for
1 year
What is Trazodone and which progressive disease can it be used for
Serotonin Antagonist/Reuptake Inhibitor
Frontotemporal dementia
Which disease might you investigate by doing nerve conduction studies with repetitive stimulation
Myasthenia gravis
What is used to treat Myasthenia Gravis
Pyridostigmine
What are the 3 parts of the Glasgow Coma Scale
Eyes
Verbal
Motor
What are the scoring options for the Eyes part of the GCS
Open spontaneously - 4
Open to speech - 3
Open to pain - 2
Dont open - 1
What are the scoring options for the Verbal part of the GCS
Orientated - 5 Confused - 4 Inappropriate words - 3 Inappropriate sounds - 2 No response - 1
What are the scoring options for the Motor part of the GCS
Obeys commands - 6 Localises pain - 5 Withdraws from pain - 4 Abnormal flexion - 3 Abnormal extension - 2 No response - 1
Gingival overgrowth is a side effect of which neuro drug
Phenytoin
Name the gold standard treatment for Parkinson’s
Levodopa- Carbidopa
Name a COMT inhibitor used for Parkinson’s treatment
Entacapone
Name a Dopamine Agonist used for Parkinson’s treatment
Pramipexole
Name a MAO-B inhibitor used in Parkinson’s treatment
Rasagiline
Name an NMDA antagonist used for Parkinson’s
Amantadine
A butterfly pattern on the caudate nucleus in a CT scan suggests what
Huntington’s disease
India ink stain is a buzzword for which infective condition
Cryptococcal Meningitis
If someone has a postural headache which is worse when standing up and relieved by lying down, what should you think of
Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension
How is Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension treated
Epidural blood patch
Which anti-epileptic can cause Gynaecomastia
Carbamazepine
Which anti-epileptic can cause a folate deficiency
Phenytoin
Which anti-epileptics can cause ataxia
Gabapentin
Valproate
Which organism is particularly likely to be the cause of a brain abscess
Strep. Milleri
What are flail leg and flail arm syndrome and what can they present in
can present in ALS
by progressive, proximal weakness of upper limbs without involvement of the lower limb, bulbar or respiratory muscles
Flail leg is same but for lower limbs
Which gene is mutated in dominant and recessive Parkinson’s
LRRK2 - dominant
Parkin - recessive
Which one of tremor dominant parkinson’s and non-tremor dominant has a slower rate of progression
tremor-dominant
How are REM sleep disorders diagnosed
Overnight polysomnography
How are REM sleep disorders treated
Clonazepam/Melatonin at bedtime
If someone below the age of 50 with parkinsonism, which disease are they tested for
Wilson’s disease
A hot cross bun sign on MRI suggests which disease and why is the sign present
Multi system atrophy
Pons atrophy
CGG repeats in the FMR1 gene suggests which disease
Fragile X-Tremor Ataxia Syndrome (FXTAS)
Which cells are lost in the Primary Lateral Sclerosis variant of MND
Betz cells in the motor cortex
Which drugs can be used for migraine prophylaxis
Propanolol
Topiramate
Amitriptyline
Which drugs can be used for cluster headache prophylaxis
Verapamil
Prednisolone
What is the treatment for Paroxysmal Hemicrania
Indomethacin
What is the treatment for SUNCT
Lamotrigine
Gabapentin
Do cluster headaches affect Males or Females more
Males 5:1
What is a butterfly glioma
A glioma which crosses the midline using the corpus callosum
