past test review Flashcards
explain the function of the IR
instruction register -
register that contains the instruction of what is currently being executed
PC
program counter
register that contains the address of the information of instructions to be executed next
3 uses of embedded systems
have smaller specific programs within that do a specific type of tasks and subtasks
multi- uses, saves space, abstraction, mulitiple processes opportunity
list and explain 4 steps of the fetch cycle
fetch the instruction
decode the instructions
get data
execute instruction
two types of testing methodologies and their type of testing
clear box tests all lines of code of a program
black box testing tests a programs parameters and all possible input values
describe the major differences between the methods human use to solve problems verus how computer solve problems
humans are abstract and recursive and computer are concrete and must be guided through a problem for a solution
binary search algorithm
uses divide and conquer method which breaks down a problem into smaller components that are easier to solve
list 3 types of program control structures
looping - uses true or false statements
selections - if, case,
sequence - begins at first line of code and runs through every line until all is executed then program exits
data structure only allows one type of data to be used
array
abstraction
is a mental model that takes care of complex processes. it means you don’t have to know the overly complex processes that go on in order to use it
revolutionary advance in the fourth generation computing transpired that made personal computers a reality
thousands of transistors
3 major events in the 5th generation software
world wide web, programming languages, microsoft programs
3 disciplines that make up the computer science disciplines
engineering math and science
3 steps required to create a negative number
write the number in binary
write the compliment
add 1
binary digit
single binary value 0,1
describe to process of representing color to a computing system
you represent the color to a computer through degrees of saturation with 2 colors, red, blue, and green
temporal compression
based on evaluating and removing redundant information between consecutive frames
spatial compressing
video compression based on removing redundant information from within a single fram
lossless compression technique
compression in which no information is lost
digitize data
is is the act of transporting data into discrete information, either one or off with different lengths to represent frequency
6 different types of gates
NOT AND OR XOR NAND NOR
circuit
group of gates that recieve various electronic input signals for a specific purpose or outputs
inheritance
mechanism in which one class acquired the properties data fields and methods of another class
compiler
hides the complex processes from the rest of the program
