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CSC 100 > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Simulation

A

A model of a complex system and the experimental manipulation to observe the results

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2
Q

Model

A

an abstraction of a real system

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3
Q

queuing system

A

discrete even model that uses random numbers to represent the arrival and duration of events.
made up of servers, queues of objects to be served.

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4
Q

How to construct a queuing model

A

The number of events and how they affect the system in order to determine the rules of entity
the number of servers
the distribution of arrival time in order to determine if an entity enters the system
the expected service time in order to determine the duration of an event.

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5
Q

meteorological models

A

models based on the time dependent partial differential equations of fluid mechanics and thermodynamics

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6
Q

graphics

A

CAD Computer aided design
a system that uses computers with advanced graphics hardware and software to create a precision drawings or technical illustrations

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7
Q

Name several different types of hard to model objects

A

fire, smoke, wind, clouds, sky

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8
Q

game designers must have knowledge of the following to make people objects and environments behave realistically in a virtual world

A

computer graphics
artificial intelligence
human computer interactions and simulation
software engineering
computer security
fundamentals of mathematics
laws of physics relating to gravity, elasticity, light, and sound

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9
Q

Game play

A 
game experience
action
shooter
action adventure
life simulation
role playing
strategy
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10
Q

Computer Network

A

collection of computing devices connected in order to communicate and share resources

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11
Q

node (host)

A

any device on a network

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12
Q

data transfer rate (bandwidth)

A

speed with which data is moved from one place to another on a network

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13
Q

protocol

A

rules that allow client/server interaction

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14
Q

file server

A

computer that store and manages files for multiple user on a network

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15
Q

web server

A

computer dedicated to responding to requests for web pages

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16
Q

local area network (LAN)

A

network that connects a relatively small number of machines in a relatively close geographical area

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17
Q

ring topology

A

connects all nosed in a closed loop in which messages travel in one direction

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18
Q

star topology

A

centers around one node to which all other are connected in which all messages are sent

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19
Q

wide area network WAN

A

network that connects local area networks over a potentially large geographical distance

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20
Q

metropolitan area network MAN

A

communication infrastructures that have been developed in and around large cities

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21
Q

gateway

A

one particular set up to handle all communication going between that LAN and other networks

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22
Q

internet

A

wide area network that spans the planet

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23
Q

what is the world wide web

A

various technologies available to connect a home computer to the internet

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24
Q

phone modem

A

converts computer data into an analog signal for transfer over a telephone line

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25
digital subscriber line DSL
uses regular copper phone lines to transfer digital data to and from the phone companys central office
26
Transmission control protocol TCP
software that breaks messages into packets, hands them off the the ip software for delivery and then orders and reassembles the packets at their destination
27
internet protocol IP
software that deals with routing packets through the maze of interconnected networks to their final destination
28
user datagram protocol UDP
alternative to TCP, faster but less reliable
29
ping
program used to test whether a particular network computer is active and reachable
30
traceroute
program that shows the route a packet takes across the internet
31
simple mail transfer protocol SMTP
used to specify transfer and email
32
file transfer protocol FTP
allows a user to transfer files to and from another computer
33
telnet
used to log onto one computer from another
34
hyper text transfer protocol http
allows exchange of web documents
35
firewall
gate machine and its software that protects a network by filtering the traffic it allows
36
access control policy
set of rules established by an organization that specifies what types of network communication are permitted and denied
37
hostname
name made up of words separated by dots that uniquely identifies a computer on the internet
38
ip address
address made up of four one byte numeric values separated by dots that uniquely identifies a computer on the internet.
39
host number
part of the ip address that specifies a particular host on the network
40
domain name system DNS
distributed system for managing host name resolution
41
Domain name server
computer that attempts to translate a hostname into an ip address
42
the web
infrastructure of information combined and the network software used to access it
43
web page
document that contains or references various kinds of data
44
links
connection between web pages
45
website
collection of related web pages
46
web browser
software tool that retrieves and displays webpages
47
web server
computer set up to respond to requests for web pages
48
Uniform Resource Locator URL
standard way of specifying the location of a webpage
49
search engine
website that helps your find other websites
50
IM instant messaging
application that allows people to send and receive messages in real time
51
cookie
small text file that a web server stores on your local computers hard disk. contains information about your visit to the site determine number of unique visitors to the site customize the site for future visits implements shopping carts that can be maintained form visit to visit
52
hypertext markup language HTML
language used to create or built a web page
53
markup language
language that uses tags to annotate the information in a document
54
tags
syntactic element in a markup language that indicates how information should be displayed
55
java applet
java program designed to be embedded into an HTML document, transferred over the web and executed in a browser
56
extensible markup language XML
language that allows the user to describe the content of a document
57
metalanguage
language for talking about or defining other languages
58
information security
techniques and policies used to ensure proper access to data
59
confidentiality
ensuring that data is protected from unauthorized access
60
risk analysis
determining the nature and likelihood of the risks to key data
61
authentication credentials
information users provide to identify themselves for computer access user knowledge, pin password smart card biometrics
62
guidelines for passowrds
easy to remember hard to guess dont use family or pet names dont make it accessible use combination of upper case, lowercase, digits and special characters
63
typical passowrd criteria
contain six or more characters at least one uppoercase and one lowercase letter at lest one digit at least one special character
64
malicious code
computer program that attempts to bypass appropriate authorization and perform unaurthorized functions
65
worms
stands along, targets network resources
66
trojan horse
disguised as benevolent resource
67
virus
self replicating
68
logic bomb
set up to execute at system event
69
public key crytopgraphy
an approach in which each user has two related keys, one public and one private
70
digital signature
data that is appended to a message, made from the message itself and the senders private key to ensure the authenticity of the message
71
digital certificate
representation of a senders authenticated public key used to minimize malicious forgeries
72
precision
max number of significant digits that can be represented
73
significant numbers
digits that begin with the first nonzero digit on the left and end with the last nonzero digit on the right
74
representation error to round off error
arithmetic error cause by the fact that precision of the result of an arithmetic operation is greater than the preicion of the machine
75
underflow
results of a calculation are too small to represent in a given machine
76
overflow
results of a calculation are too large to represent in a given machine
77
cancellation error
loss of accuracy during addition or subtraction of widely differing sizes due to the limits of precision
78
error detecting codes
techniques to determine if an error has occurred and try to determine the correct value
79
software requirement
statement of what is to be provided by a computer system or software product
80
software specifications
detailed description of the function inputs processing outputs and special features of a software product.
81
guideline for number of errors per lines of code that can be expected
standard - 25 bugs per 1000 lines good - 2 errors per 1000 lines space shuttle software - less than a percent error per 10000 lines
82
turing machine
consists of a control unity with a read/write head that can read and write symbols on an infinite tape
83
halting problem
given a program and an input to the porgram determine if the given program will eventually stop with this particular input if the program doesn't stop then it is in an infinite loop and this problem is unsolvable
84
name and describe different types of computer limitations
number representation hardware problem solving halting problem

CSC 100 (5 decks)

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