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CSC 100 > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Simulation

A

A model of a complex system and the experimental manipulation to observe the results

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2
Q

Model

A

an abstraction of a real system

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3
Q

queuing system

A

discrete even model that uses random numbers to represent the arrival and duration of events.
made up of servers, queues of objects to be served.

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4
Q

How to construct a queuing model

A

The number of events and how they affect the system in order to determine the rules of entity
the number of servers
the distribution of arrival time in order to determine if an entity enters the system
the expected service time in order to determine the duration of an event.

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5
Q

meteorological models

A

models based on the time dependent partial differential equations of fluid mechanics and thermodynamics

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6
Q

graphics

A

CAD Computer aided design
a system that uses computers with advanced graphics hardware and software to create a precision drawings or technical illustrations

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7
Q

Name several different types of hard to model objects

A

fire, smoke, wind, clouds, sky

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8
Q

game designers must have knowledge of the following to make people objects and environments behave realistically in a virtual world

A

computer graphics
artificial intelligence
human computer interactions and simulation
software engineering
computer security
fundamentals of mathematics
laws of physics relating to gravity, elasticity, light, and sound

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9
Q

Game play

A 
game experience
action
shooter
action adventure
life simulation
role playing
strategy
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10
Q

Computer Network

A

collection of computing devices connected in order to communicate and share resources

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11
Q

node (host)

A

any device on a network

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12
Q

data transfer rate (bandwidth)

A

speed with which data is moved from one place to another on a network

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13
Q

protocol

A

rules that allow client/server interaction

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14
Q

file server

A

computer that store and manages files for multiple user on a network

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15
Q

web server

A

computer dedicated to responding to requests for web pages

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16
Q

local area network (LAN)

A

network that connects a relatively small number of machines in a relatively close geographical area

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17
Q

ring topology

A

connects all nosed in a closed loop in which messages travel in one direction

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18
Q

star topology

A

centers around one node to which all other are connected in which all messages are sent

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19
Q

wide area network WAN

A

network that connects local area networks over a potentially large geographical distance

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20
Q

metropolitan area network MAN

A

communication infrastructures that have been developed in and around large cities

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21
Q

gateway

A

one particular set up to handle all communication going between that LAN and other networks

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22
Q

internet

A

wide area network that spans the planet

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23
Q

what is the world wide web

A

various technologies available to connect a home computer to the internet

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24
Q

phone modem

A

converts computer data into an analog signal for transfer over a telephone line

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25
Q

digital subscriber line DSL

A

uses regular copper phone lines to transfer digital data to and from the phone companys central office

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26
Q

Transmission control protocol TCP

A

software that breaks messages into packets, hands them off the the ip software for delivery and then orders and reassembles the packets at their destination

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27
Q

internet protocol IP

A

software that deals with routing packets through the maze of interconnected networks to their final destination

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28
Q

user datagram protocol UDP

A

alternative to TCP, faster but less reliable

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29
Q

ping

A

program used to test whether a particular network computer is active and reachable

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30
Q

traceroute

A

program that shows the route a packet takes across the internet

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31
Q

simple mail transfer protocol SMTP

A

used to specify transfer and email

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32
Q

file transfer protocol FTP

A

allows a user to transfer files to and from another computer

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33
Q

telnet

A

used to log onto one computer from another

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34
Q

hyper text transfer protocol http

A

allows exchange of web documents

35
Q

firewall

A

gate machine and its software that protects a network by filtering the traffic it allows

36
Q

access control policy

A

set of rules established by an organization that specifies what types of network communication are permitted and denied

37
Q

hostname

A

name made up of words separated by dots that uniquely identifies a computer on the internet

38
Q

ip address

A

address made up of four one byte numeric values separated by dots that uniquely identifies a computer on the internet.

39
Q

host number

A

part of the ip address that specifies a particular host on the network

40
Q

domain name system DNS

A

distributed system for managing host name resolution

41
Q

Domain name server

A

computer that attempts to translate a hostname into an ip address

42
Q

the web

A

infrastructure of information combined and the network software used to access it

43
Q

web page

A

document that contains or references various kinds of data

44
Q

links

A

connection between web pages

45
Q

website

A

collection of related web pages

46
Q

web browser

A

software tool that retrieves and displays webpages

47
Q

web server

A

computer set up to respond to requests for web pages

48
Q

Uniform Resource Locator URL

A

standard way of specifying the location of a webpage

49
Q

search engine

A

website that helps your find other websites

50
Q

IM instant messaging

A

application that allows people to send and receive messages in real time

51
Q

cookie

A

small text file that a web server stores on your local computers hard disk.
contains information about your visit to the site
determine number of unique visitors to the site
customize the site for future visits
implements shopping carts that can be maintained form visit to visit

52
Q

hypertext markup language HTML

A

language used to create or built a web page

53
Q

markup language

A

language that uses tags to annotate the information in a document

54
Q

tags

A

syntactic element in a markup language that indicates how information should be displayed

55
Q

java applet

A

java program designed to be embedded into an HTML document, transferred over the web and executed in a browser

56
Q

extensible markup language XML

A

language that allows the user to describe the content of a document

57
Q

metalanguage

A

language for talking about or defining other languages

58
Q

information security

A

techniques and policies used to ensure proper access to data

59
Q

confidentiality

A

ensuring that data is protected from unauthorized access

60
Q

risk analysis

A

determining the nature and likelihood of the risks to key data

61
Q

authentication credentials

A

information users provide to identify themselves for computer access
user knowledge, pin password
smart card
biometrics

62
Q

guidelines for passowrds

A

easy to remember hard to guess
dont use family or pet names
dont make it accessible
use combination of upper case, lowercase, digits and special characters

63
Q

typical passowrd criteria

A

contain six or more characters
at least one uppoercase and one lowercase letter
at lest one digit
at least one special character

64
Q

malicious code

A

computer program that attempts to bypass appropriate authorization and perform unaurthorized functions

65
Q

worms

A

stands along, targets network resources

66
Q

trojan horse

A

disguised as benevolent resource

67
Q

virus

A

self replicating

68
Q

logic bomb

A

set up to execute at system event

69
Q

public key crytopgraphy

A

an approach in which each user has two related keys, one public and one private

70
Q

digital signature

A

data that is appended to a message, made from the message itself and the senders private key to ensure the authenticity of the message

71
Q

digital certificate

A

representation of a senders authenticated public key used to minimize malicious forgeries

72
Q

precision

A

max number of significant digits that can be represented

73
Q

significant numbers

A

digits that begin with the first nonzero digit on the left and end with the last nonzero digit on the right

74
Q

representation error to round off error

A

arithmetic error cause by the fact that precision of the result of an arithmetic operation is greater than the preicion of the machine

75
Q

underflow

A

results of a calculation are too small to represent in a given machine

76
Q

overflow

A

results of a calculation are too large to represent in a given machine

77
Q

cancellation error

A

loss of accuracy during addition or subtraction of widely differing sizes due to the limits of precision

78
Q

error detecting codes

A

techniques to determine if an error has occurred and try to determine the correct value

79
Q

software requirement

A

statement of what is to be provided by a computer system or software product

80
Q

software specifications

A

detailed description of the function inputs processing outputs and special features of a software product.

81
Q

guideline for number of errors per lines of code that can be expected

A

standard - 25 bugs per 1000 lines
good - 2 errors per 1000 lines
space shuttle software - less than a percent error per 10000 lines

82
Q

turing machine

A

consists of a control unity with a read/write head that can read and write symbols on an infinite tape

83
Q

halting problem

A

given a program and an input to the porgram determine if the given program will eventually stop with this particular input
if the program doesn’t stop then it is in an infinite loop and this problem is unsolvable

84
Q

name and describe different types of computer limitations

A

number representation
hardware
problem solving
halting problem

CSC 100 (5 decks)

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