Past Questions Flashcards

1
Q

Explain the term evaluation apprehension

A

Performer only influence by an audience or crowd if they perceive they are judging their performance

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2
Q

Explain thought stopping

A

Use of cue action or word

Redirects attention to positive thoughts

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3
Q

Explain self talk

A

Use when negative thoughts occur

Replace with positive statements about performance

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4
Q

Explain imagery

A

Formation of mental pictures of good performance in a calm place
Internal creating the movement or sensation
External seeing themselves complete the movement

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5
Q

Explain how goal setting works

A
Targets must be SMARTER 
Specific- to the sport 
Measurable- quantitative 
Agreed- by performer and coach 
Realistic- with in performance capabilities 
Time phased- long and short term goals with deadlines 
Exciting- challenging 
Recorded- written down
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6
Q

Explain the term attitude and explain how they are formed

A

Attitudes are beliefs linked to an attitude object
Explained by the Triadic model- cognitive, affective and behavioural components
Past experiences
Social learning- watching and copying others
Conditioning- behaviour followed by rewards encourages repeat
Frequent exposure- increased exposure more likely to form positive attitude

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7
Q

Discuss the suggestion that POMS is a good way of identifying elite performers

A

Agree
Mood states temporary
More accurate than traits
Successful performers show iceberg profile
Successful performers have high levels of vigour
Disagree
Some elite performers don’t have this profile
Some non-elite performers display the profile
Elite performers may develop mood States as a result of success

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8
Q

What is learned helplessness

A

Performer perceives failure is inevitable
No control over the situation
Causes avoidance behaviour
Caused by attributing failure to ability
General learned helplessness
Situational learned helplessness

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9
Q

Identify 3 characteristics of peek flow expiranced

A
Highly focused on the task 
Movement or skills feel effortless 
Clear goals 
High levels of self confidence 
Sub conscious feelings of control
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10
Q

Name the self report questionnaires often used to measure anxiety

A

Sport competition anxiety test -SCAT
State trait anxiety inventory - STAI
Competitive sport anxiety inventory - CSAI-2

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11
Q

What are the problems with self report questionnaire

A

Misinterpretation of questions
Answers may not be truthful/ provide socially questions may not allow for full expression of answers
Inappropriate questions
Situation when completed may not be ideal / may rush to complete questionnaire

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12
Q

What is the interactionist theory

A

Mixture of personality traits and the situation
Behaviour can alter in different situations
B=f(PE)
Psychological core
Typical response
Role related behaviour

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13
Q

Explain how the interactionist theory can help a coach to improve the performance of an individual player

A

Theories suggest performers can be taught to alter their behaviour and improve performance
Coach identifies aspects of personality to be changed
Creates situations to change behaviour
Coach identifies a suitable situation to avoid specific aspects of personality being displayed

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14
Q

The inverted U theory suggest that performers have an optimal level of arousal. Explain the factors that effect the optimum level of arousal

A

Skill level- novice lower levels of arousal
Type of skill- fine lower levels and complex lower levels
Personality of performer introvert less

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15
Q

Explain the factors that contribute to a performers level of achievement motivation

A

Achievement motivation = desire to succeed
Interactionist approach\ depends on situation
Personality either nAch or nAf
Probability of success
Incentive value of success

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16
Q

How can knowledge of the interactionist theory of personality help a coach to improve the performance of an individual player

A

Mixture of personality and situation
Psychological core
Typical response
Role related behaviour

Teach performer to act in certain situations
Coach identifies aspect to change
Creates situation to change behaviour

17
Q

Discuss the suggestion that home field advantage always improves the performance of the home team

A

Home support boosts self confidence
More matches won at home than away

Disagree
Increased pressure from home crowd
Social inhibition for home team
Evaluation apprehension for home team

18
Q

What are the three somatic stress management techniques?

A

Biofeedback
Breathing control
Muscle relaxation

19
Q

Explain Biofeedback

A

Measuring physiological responses
Eg. Heart rate/breathing rate
Learn to recognise and control anxiety

20
Q

Explain breathing control

A

Deep breathing
Breath in through nose expand abdomen fully breath out through mouth
May involve repeating mantra

21
Q

Explain muscle relaxation

A

Often combined with effective breathing control
Focus on specific muscle groups working inwards from periphery
Contact muscles - hold - relax

22
Q

Discuss the suggestions that personality questionnaires can be an effective predictor of performance

A
Name personality test- SCAT, POMS 
Agree
Credulous approach 
Personality linked to specific types of sports 
Used as part of talent ID schemes 
Disagree
Sceptical approach 
No clear link between personality type and choice/ success in sport 
Research often contradicts each other 
Personality can change due to situation
23
Q

How would a captain use self serving bias to motivate their team

A

Self serving bias correct use of attributions to protect self esteem
Attribute success to internal stable factors
Attributing success to internal unstable factors
Attributing failure to internal unstable factors
Attributing failure to external unstable factors

24
Q

What is the formula for the adapted drive theory proposing a dominant habit

A
P= f (H x D)
P=performance 
F=function 
H=dominate habit or response
D=drive or level of arousal
25
Q

How can a negative attitude of an individual or of a team can be changed

A
Persuasive communication
Status of messenger 
Quality of message / new information.
Situation / time when message is given.
Individual’s resistance to change.

Cognitive dissonance
Attempts to create conflict in thoughts/ psychological discomfort.
Cognitive – give new information
Affective – create new emotions / enjoyment / fun / feeling of safety or equiv.
Behavioural – give success / reinforcement.