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SAM I > PAST Q > Flashcards

PAST Q Flashcards

1
Q

Which are not indications for rhinoscopy? More than one is possible.

  • Sneezing, reverse sneezing
  • Nasal discharge
  • Epistaxis
  • Salivation
  • Vomitus
  • Facial swelling or distortion
  • Suspicion of foreign body inhalation
A
  • Salivation
  • Vomitus
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2
Q

Method of the hepatojugular reflux test:

  • Compress the epigastrium and observe its refilling
  • Compress the jugular vene and observe its filling
  • Compress the v. jugularis on one side and observe the other side
  • Compare the jugular vein to the vena cava
A

Compress the epigastrium and observe its refilling

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3
Q

Which endocrine disease is characterized by the following plantigrad movement?

  • Addison disease
  • Hyperthyreosis
  • Diabetes insipidus
  • Diabetes mellitus
A

Diabetes mellitus

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4
Q

Part of brain responsible for mental status is:

  • Medulla oblongata
  • Thalamocortex
  • Chiazma
  • Limbic system
A
  • Thalamocortex
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5
Q

Which examination methods can be used for the examination of the bone marrow? Mark the incorrect answer.

  • Complete blood count
  • Abdominal ultrasonography
  • Bone marrow core biopsy
  • Bone marrow aspiration cytology
A

Abdominal ultrasonography

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6
Q

Choose the correct answers. Which of the following findings indicate that your patient might have lower urinary tract disease? More than one answer possible.

  • Polyuria, polydipsia
  • Pollakiuria
  • Dysuria, stranguria
  • Thrombosis
  • Sudden blindness
  • Central nervous signs
  • Periuria
  • Ascites
  • Haematuria
A
  • Polyuria, polydipsia
  • Pollakiuria
  • Dysuria, stranguria
  • Periuria
  • Haematuria
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7
Q

How can you characterize the heart sounds by auscultation? More than one answer possible.

  • Frequency
  • Intensity
  • Size of the cardiac dullness
  • Amplitude of the heart sounds
  • Rhythm
  • Demarcation of the heart sounds
  • Adventitious murmur
  • Turbulency of the heart sounds
  • Tone of the heart sounds
  • Resonancy of the heart sounds
A
  • Frequency
  • Intensity
  • Rhythm
  • Demarcation of the heart sounds
  • Adventitious murmur
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8
Q

Alopecia…choose the right sentence. More than one answer possible.

  • Is the loss of hair and may vary from partial or complete.
  • Is a primary skin lesion in endocrine disorders and follicular dysplasias
  • Is a secondary skin lesion to trauma or inflammation
  • Occurs always with erythema
  • Means increased shedding
  • Traumatic (=secondary alopecia) is a psychologic phenomenon
  • Is never moth eaten, or symmetrical or asymmetrical patchy
A
  • Is the loss of hair and may vary from partial or complete.
  • Is a primary skin lesion in endocrine disorders and follicular dysplasias
  • Is a secondary skin lesion to trauma or inflammation
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9
Q

What can be seen in this picture?

  • Bronchoscope
  • Videoendoscope
  • Rigid endoscope
  • Fiberscope
A

Fiberscope

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10
Q

Which statement is false?

  • Regurgitation is passive and consequence of disorder of oesophagus or pharynx.
  • Vomiting is characterized by active abdominal movement and preceded by nausea.
  • The vomited content is always digested and the pH is always acidic.
  • The pH of the regulated content is usually alkalic.
A

The pH of the regulated content is usually alkalic.

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11
Q

Which sentence is NOT correct. In dogs…

  • The cough originated in the larynx is retching/gagging like, has a tendency to vomit.
  • The cough in tracheitis is loud, explosive, barking like.
  • The cough in trachea collapse is goose honking like.
  • The cough in chronic bronchitis emphysema is high, intensive, explosive, barking like.
A

The cough in chronic bronchitis emphysema is high, intensive, explosive, barking like.

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12
Q

Which are most specific symptoms of heart disease/heart failure?

  • Respiratory arrhythmia, cough
  • Porcelain white mucous membranes, dyspnoe
  • Murmur, arrhythmia, dyspnoe
  • Ascites, subcutaneous edema
A

Murmur, arrhythmia, dyspnoe

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13
Q

Which parameters can NOT be examined by PALPATION? More than one question is possible.

  • Painfulness
  • Colour
  • Consistency
  • Movability
  • Smell/odour
  • Percussion sound
  • Size
A
  • Colour
  • Smell/odour
  • Percussion sound
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14
Q

Components of consciousness: More than one answer possible.

  • Ability to learn
  • Ability to recognize the environment
  • Ability to walk
  • Ability to remember
  • Ability to eat
  • Ability to make sound
A
  • Ability to learn
  • Ability to recognize the environment
  • Ability to remember
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15
Q

What can be seen in the picture?

  • Erosion
  • Ulcer
  • Epidermal collarette
  • Excoriation
A
  • Epidermal collarette
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16
Q

Which is the directly audible respiratory sound?

  • Expiratory stridor in laryngeal paralysis
  • Tooting/honking sound in tracheal collapse
  • Snoring sound in case of tracheal obstruction
  • Sniffing in case of pharyngeal stridor
A
  • Tooting/honking sound in tracheal collapse
  • Snoring sound in case of tracheal obstruction ????
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17
Q

Which is NOT additional examination?

  • Biopsy
  • Cystocentesis
  • Percussion
  • Fine needle aspiration
A

Percussion

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18
Q

What is the normal pulse (/min) in cats at the clinic?

  • 60-70
  • 120-130
  • 140-180
  • 220-250
A

140-180

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19
Q

The ECG was performed on a dog in Einthoven II lead with a paper speed of 50 mm/sec. What is the heart rate?

  • 1500/23 = 65 / min
  • 3000/23 = 130 / min
  • 4000/23 = 174 / min
  • 1000/23 = 43 / min
A

3000/23 = 130 / min

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20
Q

What are the appropriate tests to examine the endocrine function of the pancreas? More than one answer possible.

  • Blood glucose
  • TLI (tripsine-like immunorectivity)
  • Fructosamine
  • Low Dose Dexamethasone Suppression Test
  • Insulin
  • ACTH-stimulation test
A
  • Blood glucose (?)
  • Fructosamine
  • Insulin
  • ACTH-stimulation test (?)
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21
Q

Regarding its origin seizure attack can be? More than one answer possible.

  • Focal
  • Bipol
  • Generalized
  • Lateral
  • Extracerebral
  • Extracerebellar
A
  • Generalized
  • Extracerebral
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22
Q

What is ataxia?

  • Uncoordinated movement
  • Abnormal proprioception
  • Muscle weakness
  • Loss of vestibular function
A

Uncoordinated movement

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23
Q

What can be seen in the picture?

  • Symmetrical alopecia and peripheral hypertrichosis
  • Symmetrical alopecia, hyperpigmentation and rat-tail
  • Symmetrical alopecia and hyperpigmentation
  • Symmetrical diffuse hypotrichosis and hyperpigmentation
A

Symmetrical alopecia, hyperpigmentation and rat-tail

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24
Q

Characteristic of the normal cardiac dullness during percussion on the left side. More than one answer possible.

  • Dog: absolute
  • Cat: absolute
  • Dog: relative
  • Cat: relative
A

Dog: absolute

Cat: relative

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25
Q

Which parameters/aspects should be examined by the description of the teeth? More than one answer possible.

  • Number
  • Lobulation
  • Vascularization
  • Surface
  • Colour
  • Temperature
  • Moisture
  • Movability
  • Painfulness
A
  • Number
  • Surface
  • Colour
  • Movability
  • Painfulness
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26
Q

Which statement is NOT true?

  • Held inspiration can be due to narrowed upper airways
  • Held inspiration can be due to increased abdominal pressure
  • Held expiration can be due to decreased lung elasticity
  • The narrowed upper airways cause mostly held expiration
A

The narrowed upper airways cause mostly held expiration

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27
Q

What can be seen in the picture?

  • Acute enteritis
  • Histiocytic colitis
  • Large intestinal adenocarcinoma
  • Chronic enteritis
A

Large intestinal adenocarcinoma

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28
Q

The ECG was performed on a dog in Einthoven II lead with a paper speed of 50 mm/sec. What is the heart rate?

  • 500/6 = 83 / min
  • 1000/6 - 167 / min
  • 1500/6 = 250 / min
  • 3000/6 = 300/ min
A

1500/6 = 250 / min

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29
Q

Which is NOT the part of the status presens?

  • Nationale
  • Basic clinical values
  • General impression
  • Examination of the genitals
A

Nationale

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30
Q

Indication for tracheobronchoscopy… More than one answer is possible.

  • Chronic cough (unknown cause or does not respond to therapy)
  • Suspected narrowing of the airway
  • Haemoptoe
  • Suspected metastatic pulmonary neoplasia
  • Hydrothorax
  • Acute cough if an inhaled foreign body is suspected
  • Unilateral epistaxis
A
  • Chronic cough (unknown cause or does not respond to therapy) ???
  • Suspected narrowing of the airway
  • Haemoptoe ????
  • Suspected metastatic pulmonary neoplasia
  • Acute cough if an inhaled foreign body is suspected
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31
Q

The image below shows two, simultaneously used examination methods in cardiology. What is the first method called?

  • Echocardiography
  • Electrocardiography
  • Phonocardiography
  • Kinetocardiography
A

Phonocardiography

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32
Q

What are the main indications to perform electrocardiography (ECG) in domestic animals? More than one answer possible.

  • Bradycardia noted during the physical exam
  • Heart murmur noted during the physical exam
  • To screen for congenital heart diseases
  • Irregular heart beats noted during the physical exam
  • To check the blood level of certain electrolytes
  • To decide whether an animal has structural abnormality of the heart
  • To decide whether an animal suffers from heart failure
  • Tachycardia noticed during the physical exam
A
  • Bradycardia noted during the physical exam
  • Irregular heartbeats noted during the physical exam
  • Tachycardia noticed during the physical exam
  • To check the blood level of certain electrolytes
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33
Q

Symptoms of Horner syndrome in dogs? More than one answer possible.

  • Myosis
  • Mydriasis
  • Nystagmus
  • Ptosis
  • Enophtalmus
  • Exophtalmus
  • Strabismus
  • Prolapse of the 3 eyelid
A
  • Myosis
  • Ptosis
  • Enophtalmus
  • Prolapse of the 3 eyelid
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34
Q

What can you see in the picture?

  • Triceps reflex
  • Biceps reflex
  • Flexor reflex
  • Extensor carpi radialis reflex
A

Biceps reflex

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35
Q

What can you see in the picture?

  • Hemiplegia
  • Paraparalysis
  • Hemihopping
  • Wheelbarrowing
A
  • Hemihopping
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36
Q

What can you see in this picture?

  • III. paralysis
  • V. paralysis
  • IV. paralysis
  • VII. paralysis
A

III. paralysis

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37
Q
A
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38
Q

Choose the correct answer! Basic clinical values:

  • Temperature, pulse, blood pressure, respiratory rate, capillary refilling time
  • Temperature, pulse, respiratory rate
  • Temperature, pulse, capillary refilling time, coagulation time
  • Pulse, heart rate, respiratory rate, rumen contraction, buccal bleeding time
A

Temperature, pulse, respiratory rate

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39
Q

Choose the main characteristics of endoscopy! (MCQ)

  • Several correct conditions are needed to perform for a endoscopic examination
  • It is a complementary diagnostic procedure
  • It is a semi-invasive procedure
  • Cheap
  • Therapeutic application is not possible
  • Mostly performed on awake patients
  • Has a minimal instrumental requirement
  • Sample collection is not possible
A
  • It is a complementary diagnostic procedure It is a semi-invasive procedure
  • It is a semi-invasive procedure
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40
Q

The bronchial respiratory sound can be heard under normal (physiological) conditions (bronchial sound= laryngotracheobronchial)

  • Only above the lung
  • Above the larynx and trachea
  • Only above the larynx
  • Only above the trachea
A

Above the larynx and trachea

41
Q

Choose the components/parameters which NOT a part of the general impression! (MCQ)

  • Body shape and development
  • Nutritional condition
  • Basic clinical values
  • Grooming state
  • Skin, hair coat
  • Consciousness, behavior
  • Status presens
  • Posture, locomotion
  • Pulse
A
  • Basic clinical values
  • Status presens
  • Pulse
42
Q

Which is NOT a Mark?

  • Whorl
  • Chestnut
  • Tatoo
  • Blaze
45
Q

Laryngeal paralysis

Characteristics of laryngeal paralysis,

A

Endoscopy is unsuitable for diagnosis due to anesthesia

46
Q

Laryngeal paralysis

Characteristics of laryngeal paralysis

A

Usually old large breed dogs are affected at the background is usually ideopathic

47
Q

Laryngeal paralysis

In which of the following breeds is that congenital laryngeal paralyzes common

48
Q

Laryngeal paralysis

Which statement is incorrect regarding thoracic tracheal resection anastomosis?

A

Right 2nd to 4th intercostal lateral thoracotomy is usually applied

49
Q

Laryngeal paralysis

Which statements is incorrect regarding cervical tracheal resection anastomosis?

A

Either interrupted or continuous stitches are applicable for anastomosis

50
Q

Laryngeal paralysis

Characteristics of canine feline bacterial pneumonia

A

Its background is usually a viral infection, foreign body or food aspiration

51
Q

Laryngeal Paralysis

Which arytenoid structure is anchored during CAL

A

Processes muscularis

52
Q

Laryngeal Paralysis

Choose the correct answer for colloid infusions

A

Are used in hypovolaemia combined with Crystalloids.

53
Q

Laryngeal Paralysis

The point of maintenance infusion therapy is

A

To replace obligatory fluid losses by an animal with anorexia and Hypodipsia

54
Q

Laryngeal Paralysis

Characteristics of aspiration pneumonia

  • Can be caused by megaesophagus and laryngeal dysfunction.
  • It is prognosis can be influenced by the pH volume and quality of aspired content
  • Glucocorticoids and furosemide are not recommended for this treatment.
  • All of the above mentioned are true
A

All of the above mentioned are true

55
Q

Laryngeal Paralysis

In case of acute epistaxis nasal bleeding.

A

As soon as possible hemostasis and coagulation profile laboratory tests are required.

56
Q

Laryngeal Paralysis

Which finding is incorrect about new pneumonectomy cases. In the retrospective multicenter study by Wavreille et al.

A

The acute perioperative (less than 24 hours) mortality was around 10%

57
Q

Laryngeal Paralysis

According to Shamir et all, which of the following features is incorrect concerning the typical canine population, usually suffering from thoracic trauma?

A

Bodyweight less than 20 kilograms?

58
Q

Laryngeal Paralysis

Which of the following prognosis factors had no impact on the disease-free interval? (DFI) in a retrospective study by McNeil analyzing cases with primary lung tumor removed via pulmonary lobectomy

A

Chemotherapy

59
Q

Laryngeal Paralysis

Which of the following instruments is not the member of abdominal instrument set?

A

Finochietto chest to self-retaining retractor

60
Q

Laryngeal Paralysis

What does an atypical operation mean?

A

An individual procedure using the whole knowledge, experience, and intuition of the surgeon.

61
Q

Laryngeal Paralysis

Characteristics of canine chronic bronchitis

A

Crackles and Wheezes with auscultation

62
Q

Laryngeal Paralysis

Characteristics of canine chronic bronchitis

A

Mucopurulent discharge in the bronchi during bronchoscopy

63
Q

Laryngeal Paralysis

Which one is forbidden in ICU.

A

Give information to the owner.

64
Q

Laryngeal Paralysis

Which answer is wrong?

A

Blood sampling may fail due to excessive strangulation

65
Q

Laryngeal Paralysis

After perivenous injection,

A

A swelling develops at the injection site

66
Q

Laryngeal Paralysis

Conditions of the musculoskeletal system with recurring emergency care mark the correct incorrect answer

A

Patellar luxation.

67
Q

Laryngeal Paralysis

Primary survey marked incorrect answers

A

Determine all organic disorders

68
Q

Laryngeal Paralysis

Primary assessments of circulation marked incorrect answer

A

Perform ECG and heart rate

69
Q

Laryngeal Paralysis

Characteristics of critical care marked incorrect answers.

A

All emergency patients require intensive ward care

70
Q

Laryngeal Paralysis

Which one of the following can you not give Subcutaneous

A

Injections containing glucose

71
Q

Laryngeal Paralysis

Which answer are wrong benefits of a three-way stopcock.

A

It is harder for the animal to pull out the catheter from the vein.

72
Q

Laryngeal Paralysis

The peripheral venous catheter

  • Has a valve that has evolved in the upper (color cap) connection port
  • The upper (color cap) connection port communicates freely with Vein
  • has a valve in the rear (Whitecap) connection port.
  • The rear (Whitecap) connection port is only suitable for injections.
73
Q

Laryngeal Paralysis

Which sing of the following reflects the most severe acute respiratory distress (pO2 < 60 mmHg)

A

Cyanosis 6th phase

74
Q

Laryngeal Paralysis

How many lung lobes has the dog?

75
Q

Laryngeal Paralysis

Which statement is incorrect regarding midline sternotomy

A

It causes significantly better post-operative pain compared to lateral thoracotomy

76
Q

Laryngeal Paralysis

According to Poncet classification system of for BAOS. Which is the most defining clinical condition of the grade III category.

77
Q

Laryngeal Paralysis

In which of the following conditions is the Rhinotomi, not the primary indication therapy?

A

Nasal adenocarcinoma

78
Q

Laryngeal Paralysis

According to WASAVA vaccination guidelines issued in 2016, the last infection of the puppy series at the age of

79
Q

Laryngeal Paralysis

What is the golden period in the treatment of fresh traumatic wounds?

A

6-8 hours from injury.

80
Q

Laryngeal Paralysis

What is the normal heart rate per minute in dogs

81
Q

Laryngeal Paralysis

Characteristics of feline asthma,

A

The sociological and microbiological biological examination of BAL is highly important in its diagnose

82
Q

Laryngeal Paralysis

What approach is recommended for nasal opening in brachiocephalic breeds

A

Ventral Rhinotomy

83
Q

Laryngeal Paralysis

Which is the following clinical findings are not a member of the diagnostic triad defining the absolute indication of surgery in case of thoracic trauma

A

status of the thoracic wall

84
Q

Laryngeal Paralysis

Which of the uppermost muscle layer to be incised during lateral thoracotomy?

A

Dorsal latissimus muscle

85
Q

Laryngeal Paralysis

Which of the following sterilization methods operates at the highest temperature,

86
Q

Drainage

Which of the following features defines the suture materials drainage drainage ability?

A

absorption

87
Q

Drainage

Which of the following statements is correct? A passive drain ….

A

is more effective with a compression bandage on it.

88
Q

Drainage

Which of the following statement is incorrect?

A

An active drain is not recommended as flushing drain

89
Q

Suture material

What is spongostan ?

A

Gelatin sponge.

90
Q

Suture material

What does 3-metric mean on the suture material pack?

A

So the suture material is 0.3 millimeter of diameter.

91
Q

Suture material

Which of the following USP numbers indicate the thickest suture material

92
Q

Suture material

Which of the following suture materials is non-absorbable?

A

? None of them? (Polyglactin, Polydioxanone)

93
Q

Suture material

Which of the following suture materials is non-absorbable?

A

Polypropylene (Prolene)

94
Q

Suture material

Which of the following suture materials is absorbable

A

None of them (Polypropylene, polyamide)

95
Q

Suture material

Which of the following suture materials makes polypropylene the most popular cardiovascular suture material?

A

Good tensile strength

96
Q

Suture material

Which of the following categories is correct according to wound edge aproximation?

  • skin - intradermal - subcutaneous - muscular - fascial X
  • Interrupted versus continuous
  • Apposital positional - inverting - tension relieving X
  • Simple - mattress - cruciate X.
A

Interrupted versus continuous

97
Q

Suture material

Which of the following suture patterns is tension relieving,

A

interrupted horizontal mattress

SAM I (5 decks)

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