Past papers 2 Flashcards
Sporulation (sporogenesis) is a process that takes:
10 hours
Endospores are metabolically:
inactive
Endospores ensure:
survival of the bacteria through hard times
The spore coat of endospores contains:
proteins and enzymes
The cortex of endospores contains:
Peptidoglycan: calcium and dipicolinic acid
What is the strongest layer of the endospore?
Cortex
What is the function of the glycocalyx?
- adherence of the bacterium to the host cells
- protects pathogenic bacteria from phagocytosis by producing capsule and biofilm
The glycocalyx is important:
virulence factor of pathogenic bacteria
The glycocalyx consists of:
capsule and biofilm
Fungi are:
multicellular organisms
Algae are
unicellular or multicellular eukaryotes
Fungi consists of:
eukaryotic cells which absorb nutrients from an organic material from the environment
Yeast and moulds are part of:
fungi
Moulds grow as:
branching filaments (hyphae), which interlace to form mycelium
Yeasts are:
ovoid or spherical cells that reproduce by budding, and do not form mycelium
Mesosomes are part of what, and form what:
Internal structures of bacterial cells, and forms irregular rolled folds of plasmatic membrance
Mesosomes function:
in cell division and metabolism
What is the liquid cytoplasmic component called?
matrix
Bacterial cell contains thousands of:
ribosomes
The function of ribosomes:
Gives cytoplasm granular appearance
Guide synthesis of proteins
Ribosomes are composed of:
RNA and proteins
Bacterial cytoplasm includes:
nuclear region, ribosomes and inclusion bodies
Plasma membranes can be destroyed by:
alcohols and polymyxins
Growth of bacterial population consists of 4 phases:
Lag phase
Log phase
Stationary phase
Death
(individual growth is 3 phases)
Phase of growth curve is characterized by:
the most rapid growth and cell division
M-concentration is:
the highest bacterial concentration and reaches 10^8 to 10^9 per ml
Generation time consists of:
growth and phase of division
Antibiotics are produced mainly by:
fungi, moulds and soil bacteria
Beta-lactam antibiotics inhibit:
The synthesis of the bacterial cell walls
Tetracyclines inhibit:
proteosynthesis of bacteria
Vancomycin, kanamycin and tetracycline are produced by:
streptomycetes
Rifampin can be:
toxic and inhibit nucleic acid synthesis
