Past paper September 2020 Flashcards
what is meant by a garden survey?
an assessment and record of:
location
position
health and safety issues
measurements of features which could have an impact on the future design and use of the garden
include: existing plants, trees, buildings, boundaries
what is meant by a site appraisal?
an assessment and record of general site conditions.
include physical and environmental characteristics that may affect design eg:
soil conditions drainage aspect microclimates surroundings inc. views
what are some factors to record during a site appraisal that need to be considered when siting a patio?
exposure - strong wind?
frosty or cold
aspect- where is max. light/warmth/light?
contours- is the site sloping?
drainage - is the area boggy and prone to flooding?
Views - avoid looking at a neighbours windows/unsightly electricity pylons, borrow a nice landscape
describe why you need to think about exposure when planning a patio
is the area prone to strong winds? That would make it unpleasant to sit/entertain in.
Areas exposed to cold and frost are also not suitable
describe why you need to think about aspect when planning a patio
south/west areas receive max. light and warmth so great for sunny seating areas
north facing aspects are cooler, and have lower light levels so not so suitable
describe why you need to think about contours when planning a patio
careful consideration needed for sloping sites - you may need to terrace in order to design a level patio
describe why you need to think about soil drainage when planning a patio
poor soil drainage in boggy locations that are prone to flooding will be unsuitable for a patio
describe why you need to think about views when planning a patio
make use of a borrowed landscape
avoid unsightly views eg: electricity pylon or neighbours window
describe how to take running measurements for a garden survey (look at a labelled diagram)
fix a landscape tape in position along a straight line EG: wall of house (called a base line)
Zero on the tape is placed at the start of the line
zero on the line is marked on the ground and recorded on a sketch plan as point A
significant points along the line are identified and measured from zero eg: window frames, doors, corner of building - record them accurately
continue to measure along the line until the end point B is reached and recorded
name two features recorded in a garden survey which could be retained for use in a new garden plan
garden shed archway pergolas path specimen tree
name two distinct planning principles which could be achieved through the use of focal points in the garden
unity/cohesion scale/proportion movement/direction rhythm repetition simplicity balance
name two examples for each of the following types of focal points in a garden: hard landscape feature
blue painted wooden bench at the end of a path
a stone fountain with a pool
tall marble statue set against a Taxus baccata hedge
name two examples for each of the following types of focal points in a garden: soft landscape feature
standard tree with strong form / seasonal interest eg: Pyrus salicifolia ‘Pendula’
large architectural plant in a gravel garden eg: Phormium tenax
Dot plant in a bedding scheme
describe two ways in which focal points can contribute to a garden which works and is pleasing to the eye
placing a classical stone statue at the end of a path could draw the eye and encourage movement along the path
A standard tree placed in a lawn can draw the eye away from an ugly view in the surrounding area
A stone fountain in a square pond at the centre of a formal garden can be used to emphasise the symmetry of the layout
Through the use of repeated colour for focal points throughout the garden that reflect the house, boundary or other features eg a blue bench reflecting the blue window frames
what is meant by the term ‘grown as a biennial’?
biennials and short lived perennials are removed after flowering in their second year of growth.
biennials are plants that produce vegetative growth in their 1st year of growth, and flower , set seed and die in their 2nd year.
name 3 plants grown as biennials in a cottage garden - give their decorative merit and planting situation.
Digitalis purpurea - purple bell - like flowers with speckles arranged on a flower spike which can be planted in a woodland garden
Erysium cheiri - 4 petalled, bright yellow/orange flowers on short spikes, can be planted in a mixed herbaceous, annual and biennial border.
Dianthus barbatus - flowers that range from white to darkest red with darker eyes and toothed petals- can be used in spring seasonal containers for a patio
describe one way in which plants can contribute to cohesion in a cottage garden
use a mixture of colour, and repeat that throughout the garden eg: Digitalis purpurea
allow plants to spill onto paths, looking natural- keeps the informal style
plant in densely packed drifts with mixed herbaceous perennials and edible borders which look natural with no soil showing
use native hedging plants in a boundary hedge - it links the garden together and provides cohesion with the local landscape
