October 2021 past paper Flashcards

1
Q

name a hazard and an associated risk for two named plants

A

Digitalis purpurea;
hazard; all arts are poisonous
risk; sickness or death from ingesting plant parts

Berberis thunbergii;
hazard; spines prone to breaking off when pruning
risk; scratches to skin, cuts/infection

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2
Q

describe two ways in which hazardous plants can be incorporated into a garden design with minimal risk to garden users

A

plant plants with thorns, prickles or spines away from paths and access points

fence off an area so they can be viewed safely (picket fence)

inform clients and children of the risks of the plants - and label with a red label/ mark on a plan

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3
Q

name 2 underground services that can be identified in a garden survey

A

electricity cables
gas pipes
foul sewer pipes
mains water pipes

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4
Q

describe two distinct problems during construction that could result from not correctly identifying two underground services

A

electricity cables; may be dug up when excavating footings therefore loss of power to house.
Leads to additional expenses and disruption

if cables severed, leads to electrocution or burns.

foul sewer pipes; if damaged during construction, surrounding soil may be contaminated - causes additional expenses to clean up and repair pipes

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5
Q

describe the characteristic of a soft landscape feature for a knot garden design

A

feature; low growing evergreen hedge of single species eg: Buxus microphylla

characteristic; intricate patterns that replicate Elizabethan embroidery that are designed to be viewed from above.

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6
Q

describe the characteristic of a soft landscape feature for a cottage garden

A

feature; mixed borders or herbaceous perennials, annuals, herbs and edibles

characteristic; plants can spill into each other and self seed
mix perennials with annuals eg; Alchemilla mollis and Calendula officinalis

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7
Q

describe the characteristic of a soft landscape feature for an English landscape garden

A

characteristic; copse of native trees
feature; tall stand of native trees positioned strategically across the landscape

eg; Fagus sylvatica

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8
Q

describe two distinct hard landscape features that can be found in an English Landscape garden

A

palladian temple; designed in style of ancient Greek/roman architecture, made from marble, granite or stone

Folly; replicates a ruined building, a piece of architecture in the garden constructed from stone to appear mystical

Hermitage; artificial looking cave large enough for a person paid by the house ownders to live in it

Ha-ha; sunken wall giving un-interrupted views of surrounding landscape, and to prevent stock getting into garden

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9
Q

name 2 distinct external features which may need to be recorded when carrying out a site appraisal

A
fine views ; distant church spire
eye sore; electricity pylon
style of house
garden sheds- may cast shade
specimen tree
garden walls - create rain shadow
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10
Q

describe 4 distinct microclimates that may occur in a grden

A

1) frost pocket at the bottom of a slope with a solid barrier.
Cool air flows down the slope, gathering at the base of a solid fence/wall.

2) A dense hedge protects plants from physical damage, and acts as a windbreak. It also creates a rain shadow effect, so soil is drier
3) a dense canopy of mature, evergreen trees create a cooler area of deep shade, and rain shadow (drier soil)
4) An overhang from a roof or wall protect from wind and rain - rain shadow. Therefore drier soil.

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11
Q

: boundary hedge, and give a decorative merit .

A
Prunus spinosa (sloe)
 small white, 5 petalled flowers on short stems with spikes. Round blue/black fruits
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12
Q

name a plant for use in a cottage garden under the heading: Herbaceous perennial and give its decorative merit

A

Phlox paniculate ‘white admiral’

upright habit, panicles of pure white flowers in mid - late summer

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13
Q

name a plant for use in a cottage garden under the heading: path edging, and give it’s decorative merit

A

Lavendula angustifolia

evergreen, narrow-grey/green leaves.
dense spikes of fragrant pale to deep purple flowers in summer

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14
Q

name a plant for use in a cottage garden under the heading: climber, and give its decorative merit

A

Clematis montana

an abundance of small, single white flowers in late spring.
foliage has a bronze tinge when it first emerges

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15
Q

name a plant for use in a cottage garden under the heading: annual, and give it’s decorative merit

A

Helianthus annus; (sunflower)

large heart shaped leaves on a tall stem
large disc-shaped flower with yellow petals and a dark brown centre

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16
Q

describe two ways in which wood may be used in the construction of a garden boundary

A

picket fence;
set wooden posts into ground vertically and attach cross rails to them.
attach upright planks of wood to horizontal cross rails with a regular gap between each piece of wood.

post and rail fence;
set square or round posts in ground, and long rails are attached to them to leave open gaps between the rails.

17
Q

name two distinct man-made materials that can be used to construct boundary features in a garden

A

concrete blocks
clay bricks
iron metal work

18
Q

describe two examples of how the materials selected for boundary features can ensure that a garden design is cohesive.

A

cohesion is achieved when the type of clay brick used for the boundary wall is the same as the brick used for the house.
The brick can also be used in other areas of the garden eg: path edging/bbq

using the same colours to link the house, garden and boundary can be cohesive. eg; window frames and doors can be painted the same colour as the boundary fence.

19
Q

describe how ONE named design principle is used in an informal garden to ensure that the design ‘works’

A

movement/direction; the inclusion of features in motion which evoke a sense of movement

a flowing/winding stream of water over natural stones
naturalistic planting of grasses/loose herbaceous plants which move in the wind, and spill onto paths create movement in an informal garden

unity/cohesion; the consistent linking of elements in a garden to ensure that all parts of the design form a unified whole.

balance; weight and mass of elements of the design are balanced with each other and the garden

20
Q

state three ways in which colour may positively affect a visitors experience of a garden

A

excite and enliven the mood -use hot colours eg; red/orange, and contrast with yellow and blue.

calm and relax - white and green for the planting has a tranquil, calming affect eg; Sissinghurst

make the space feel larger - use red and yellow in foreground, and pale colours in distance to increase sense of depth alluding to a larger garden

21
Q

describe two garden features for the effective display of alpine or rock garden plants

A

rock garden; made to look like a natural rocky outcrop with large boulders of sandstone to ensure that their strata run in the same direction.

scree garden ; a bed of loose stone and broken rock particles which mimic a natural bed at the base of a mountain slope (good drainage)

22
Q

name one manufactured and one natural material suitable for use in rock gardens

A

manufactured; fibreglass and concrete rocks

natural ; rocks, chippings or aggregates of limestone, granite or slate

23
Q

state 4 factors to be considered when selecting a site for alpine/rock garden plants

A

is it in an open/sunny position?

On a slight incline with free draining soil

Correct pH for selected plants

Away from overhanging foliage that can create shade or drips of rain

Free from invasive weeds

Aspect?

24
Q

name four distinct deciduous shrubs suitable for planting in a domestic garden, giving a decorative merit for each

A

Buddleja davidii ; lance-shaped, pointed, grey-green leaves

Hamamelis mollis ; oval leaves turn yellow in autumn

Berberis thunbergii ; obovate shaped leaves turn red/orange in autumn

Weigela ‘Florida Variegata’ ; clusters of funnel-shaped, light pink flowers in spring/summer

25
Q

name 2 suitable garden situations where decorative shrubs can be used in a domestic garden

A

mixed shrub and herbaceous border
patio containers
hedges/screens

26
Q

describe the environmental sustainability of one named landscape material for a: path

A

material; concrete paving slabs

considerations; the manufacturing process of concrete emits a high emissions level of carbon into the atmosphere.

27
Q

describe the environmental sustainability of one named landscape material for a: wall

A

material; sandstone

considerations; you can build a dry stone wall with natural stone WITHOUT the use of cement (manufac. process in making cement relases a high level of carbon into atmosphere)