Past paper Question B123 Flashcards
How does a poison that stops the release of neurotransmitters cause paralysis to a fish?
Prevent nerve impulse passing across synapses and therefore the muscles cannot contract and aren’t stimulated
Describe how a double-blind trial would be designed to see if a poison works?
Use a drug and a placebo and neither the doctor or the patient will know which treatment is used
Why may one female need more protein than another?
One of them could be pregnant and breast feeding is needed
Or could be recovering from an injury and therefore needs more protein to repair damaged tissue
How do those that do not eat meat obtain enough protein?
Could take protein supplements, some other food types contain proteins such as lentils and dairy products
Explain how sweat can cool down the body
Sweat evaporates, taking the heat from the skin
If a person is injected with a drug that makes them sweat less what does the drug change in terms of genotypes and phenotypes?
Their phenotype will be changed but not her genotype
Explain how someone’s body destroys antigens
White blood cells release antibodies and antitoxins which lock onto antigens and destroys them, then the white blood cell will engulf the antigen
Would you expect a pyramid of biomass to be the same shape as a pyramid of numbers?
No as there are larger numbers of consumers at the second trophic level however they will have a lower biomass due to their smaller sizes
What are the reasons why there is energy lost from one trophic level to the next?
Heat lost, Excretion, Egestion
Why is it unlikely that there are more than 5 trophic levels in a food chain?
This is because too much energy has been lost making it insufficient for there to be any more levels
Why is the binomial system important when scientists name organisms?
To ensure scientist internationally recognise a species with the same name
Explain why some animals are specialists?
Are well adapted to enable survival in their habitat
What anatomical and behavioural adaptations does a whale have to survive in very cold environments?
Layer of fat for insulation
Small surface area to volume ratio
Migratory habitat to move to warmer areas
