Past Paper Exam Questions Flashcards
June 2022
Outline two ways in which schools may promote competition between pupils.
[4 Marks]
- Through setting and streaming where children are placed into classes based on performance and ability which would create competition between sets and within as students are surrounded with students at a similar level to them to compete with.
- Through admissions, where pupils need top grades to be admitted into schools due to schools wanting to have high achieving students for exam league tables, creating competition as pupils are against each other to get places at the best schools.
June 2022
Outline three ways in which the education system may be seen as patriarchal
[6 marks]
- **Through the highest positions in the school being more likely to be occupied by men. Even though there are more female teachers then male teachers, the headteachers of schools are more likely to be men, showing that education is patriarchal as top roles are fulfilled by men.
- STEM subjects are often portrayed as male domain with male teachers, male examples in textbooks, and boys more likely to dominate equipment, making education patriarchal.
-**
Nov 2021
Outline two ways in which globalisation may have had an influence on educational policies
in the UK.
[4 marks]
Nov 2021
Outline three reasons why some working-class boys join anti-school subcultures.
[6 marks]
- due to lack of male teachers in education meaning boys are not being effectively disciplined and don’t have male role models so join anti-school subcultures.
- To gain symbollic capital as they are unable to get educational capital as a result of teacher labelling so they reject the values of the school and join anti-school subcultures as a result of the rejection.
- The influence of working class peer groups and working class fatalistic and collectivistic attitudes leading to working class boys forming antischool subcultures as they believe there is nothing they can do to change their position so reject school values.
Nov 2020
Outline two factors external to schools that may affect social class differences in
educational achievement.
[4 marks]
- lack of a quiet place to work as a result of material deprivation may explain working class underachievement as students are unable to revise at home or complete homework as they are unable to concentrate so fall behind.
- lack of vitamins and nutrients as a result of material deprivation may also explain working class underachievement as students aren’t eating as healthy as its expensive and therefore have a weaker immune system, get sick easier, and miss more education, as well as having lower general concentration levels, resulting in them not doing as well.
Nov 2020
Outline box three functions that the education system performs for society.
[6 marks]
- the education system performs role allocation where the most skilled and talented individuals get the jobs that require the most skill and pay the most, as a result of getting high grades in education.
- the education system also performs socialisation and teaches students the norms and values of society, providing a sense of social solidarity and value consensus to enable society to function effectively through subjects such as history.
- the education system also creates docile workers for the capitalist society by enforcing behaviours such as obedience to authority and punctuality to prevent revolution and prepare students for a lifetime of working.
June 2019
Outline two criticisms of schools selecting pupils by ability.
[4 marks]
- the education system isn’t necessarily meritocratic so people may be disadvantaged by class inequalities so unable to perfom as well in education despite being clever.
- The education system is racist and patriarchal, preventing certain minority groups from being able to get equal grades to their white counterparts despite ability, therefore not being selected by schools as they are influenced by racism within society and institutionally within education.
June 2019
Outline three ways in which the characteristics of schools may be similar to
characteristics of workplaces.
[6 marks]
- Enforce obedience to authority in both school and the workplace
- Enforce punctuality and respect
- Control over time, dress, speech…
June 2018
Outline two reasons why marketisation policies may produce inequality of educational
achievement between social classes.
[4 marks]
- the funding formula meaning that the most sucessful schools get the most pupils and the most money mean that failing schools located in deprived areas don’t get as much money and disadvantage the working class students who attend.
- due to exam league tables meaning schools want to get the highest grades, school admissioners admit those who they believe are most likely to succeed in education, which are often middle class students.
June 2018
Outline three reasons for gender differences in educational achievement.
[6 marks]
Nov 2020 - Crime and Deviance
Outline two ways in which media representations of crime may not reflect reality.
[4 marks]
- the media focus on the most shocking crime, over-representing violent and sexual crimes as they get the most public attention, meaning the media representations of crime may not reflect reality as they don’t cover as much of the petty crime.
- The media over-represent police sucess which may not reflect reality to over-emphasise that the police are doing well, to make them look better and to not create fear in the public.
Nov 2020 - Crime and Deviance
Outline three functions of the criminal justice system.
[6 marks]
Nov 2021 - Crime and Deviance
Outline two ways that the nature of capitalism may cause people to commit crime.
[4 marks]
Nov 2021 - Crime and Deviance
Outline three reasons for gender differences in levels of recorded crime.
[6 marks]
Jun 2022 - Crime and Deviance
Outline two problems in measuring green crime.
[4 marks]
