Past Paper 2 Flashcards
Where in the plant is glucose carried
In the Phloem vessels
What is active transport
Movement from a low concentration to a high concentration through a partially permeable membrane.
Why would a plant’s leaves go yellow
Chlorophyll prodution impaired - which is the green pigment in plants
Why would a plants growth be stunted
not photosynthesising, which is needed for energy to grow, so its growth is stunted.
How would a scientist use a protein to make an antibody. 4 STAGES.
- Scientist injects the PVY protein into a mouse.
- The mouse’s immune system makes antibodies against the protein.
- B-lymphocytes from the mouse are then fused with myeloma cells to make hybridoma cells.
- These cells are then cloned to produce lots of identical monoclonal antibodies.
What is a myeloma cell?
Immortal cell that continuously grows and divides
What are B-Lymphocyte cells
Cells that create antibodies
What is a hybridoma cell?
Hybrid of myeloma and B cells that creates a specific monoclonal antibody to fight a virus.
What molecule are genes made of?
DNA
What is the purpose of the pancreas? TWO
Produces the hormone insulin, which helps the body use glucose for energy.
Also produces digestive enzymes to help in the breakdown of food.
Why would blocking alveoli prevent growth?
Reduce oxygen diffusion, lower oxygen levels mean less energy, so less growth.
Why would people with cystic fibrosis be on average younger than the population
Lower life expectancy.
Test for proteins
biuret test - blue to purple/lilac
Test for DIFFERENT types of carbohydrates
glucose - Benedicts - blue to brick-red
Starch - Iodine - to blue/black.
What does Lipase do/ turn into?
Protease turns into?
amylase turns into?
Lipase breaks down fat
into fatty acids.
Protease protein into amino acids.
Amylase turns starch into smaller sugars
