CGP 6

Question 1

FOUR features of an effective gas exchange surface in an animal

Answer 1

• Large surface area
• Thin membrane
• Efficient blood supply
• Being well ventilated

Question 2

Emphysema causes the breakdown of the alveoli walls, how can this result in someone having lower energy levels during physical exercise?

Answer 2

• this means there is less surface area, reducing the amount of oxygen that can diffuse into the blood. Less oxygen reaches the working muscles, causing them to have less energy.

Question 3

How is the small intestine is adapted for absorbing the products of digestion? - THREE

Answer 3

• The intestines are cover in villi which increase surface area for absorption.
• Good blood supply which maintains the concentration gradient meaning absorption can happen quickly.
• The villi have a single layer of surface cells so short diffusion pathways.

Question 4

Describe the movement of gases into and out of the leaf - FOUR (O2, CO2, H20)

Answer 4

CO2 through stomata
Used in photosynthesis for glucose
Oxygen produced in photosynthesis, leaves through stomata
H20 lost through stomata through transpiration.

Question 5

Purpose of air spaces in leaf

Answer 5

They create space for gases like carbon dioxide, oxygen, and water vapour to move easily between the cells and the stomata.

Question 6

What is an organ?

Answer 6

a group of different tissues that work together for a specific function.

Question 7

Purpose of the active site in a chemical reaction.

Answer 7

The active site is where the substrate binds to the enzyme, allowing the enzyme to speed up/ catalyse the chemical reaction without being used up.

Question 8

What is the role of digestive enzymes in the digestive system?

Answer 8

To break down big molecules into smaller, soluble molecules that can pass easily through the wall the of the digestive system, allowing them to be absorbed into the bloodstream,

Question 9

Where is bile produced? Where is it stored?

Answer 9

Produced in Liver. Stored in the gall bladder.

Question 10

TWO functions of bile and the TWO reasons this is necessary

Answer 10

Bile neutralises the stomach acid, which is important because it makes the conditions in the small intestine alkaline which is necessary for the enzyme to work optimally.
It also emulsifies fat, breaking it down so lipase can work on it and it can be digested faster.