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Pharmacology Past Papers 1 > Past Paper 1 2010 > Flashcards

Past Paper 1 2010 Flashcards

1
Q

intravenous drugs have bioavailability of 50%

A

False

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2
Q

topical administration is a type of parenteral administration

A

False

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3
Q

sodium bicarbonate increases the pH of the stomach

A

True

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4
Q

first-pass metabolism refers to renal elimination of water soluble drugs

A

False

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5
Q

adrenaline is a alpha-1 receptor agonist

A

True

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6
Q

hyoscine - irritable bowel syndrome

A

True

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7
Q

atropine - decongestant

A

False

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8
Q

neostigmine - Myasthenia gravis

A

True

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9
Q

phenylephrine - glaucoma

A

False

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10
Q

salbutamol - asthma

A

True

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11
Q

β1 adrenoceptor agonists cause bradycardia

A

False

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12
Q

β2 adrenoceptor antagonists cause bronchodilation

A

False

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13
Q

α1 adrenoceptor blockers cause vasodilation

A

True

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14
Q

α2 adrenoceptor agonists cause vasodilation

A

True

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15
Q

muscarinic receptor antagonists cause tachycardia

A

True

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16
Q

Pharmacological adverse-effects of neostigmine include

a. dry Mouth
b. bradycardia
c. miosis
d. bronchoconstriction
e. urinary retention

A

a. F
b. T
c. T
d. F
e. F

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17
Q

pilocarpine - inhibits muscarinic receptors

A

F

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18
Q

dopamine - stimulates β1 adrenoreceptors

A

T

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19
Q

salmeterol - inhibits β2 adrenoreceptors

A

F

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20
Q

pseudoephedrine - stimulates α1 adrenoreceptors

A

T

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21
Q

phenylephrine - inhibits α1 adrenoreceptors

A

F

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22
Q

furosemide works on the loop of Henle

A

T

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23
Q

hydrochlorothiazide causes hypokalaemia as an adverse-effect

A

T

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24
Q

amiloride causes hypokalaemia as an adverse-effect

A

F. Hyperkalaemia

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25
Q

indapamide is a high ceiling diuretic

A

F. Low ceiling diuretic

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26
Q

spironolactone causes gynaecomastia as an adverse-effect

A

T

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27
Q

Bisoprolol is:

a. a non-selective β-adrenoceptor blocker
b. used for the treatment of cardiac failure
c. used to control hypoglycaemic episodes in diabetics
d. contraindicated in asthma
e. more β1-selective at higher doses

A

a. F
b. T
c. F
d. T
e. T

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28
Q

amlodipine - calcium channel blockade

A

T

29
Q

glyceryl trinitrate - blocks Na+/K+ exchange in the collecting duct

A

F

30
Q

enalapril - angiotensin-1 to angiotensin-2 conversion blockade

A

F

31
Q

valsartan - blocks Na+/K+/Cl- transporter in the ascending limb

A

F. Furosemide blocks in the ascending loop

32
Q

bezafibrate - HMG co-A reductase inhibitor

A

F

33
Q

heparin works through the blockade of antithrombin III

A

F

34
Q

long-term aspirin use causes gastric ulceration as an adverse effect

A

T

35
Q

clopidogrel stimulates platelet receptor ADP binding

A

F

36
Q

streptokinase is used in the treatment of myocardial infarcts

A

T

37
Q

tranexamic acid stimulates the fibrinolytic action of plasmin

A

F

38
Q

prednisone inhibits COX-I and COX-II

A

F

39
Q

phospholipase A2 is stimulated by lipocortin

A

False. Inhibited by lipocortin

40
Q

beclomethasone is given to asthmatic patients to reduce inflammation

A

T

41
Q

cortisone will precipitate allergic reactions

A

T

42
Q

corticosteroids modify enzyme activity

A

T

43
Q

corticosteroids have an anabolic effect on muscles and are used as muscle bulkers

A

F

44
Q

long-term treatment with prednisone causes dysregulation of the HPA-axis

A

T

45
Q

hydrocortisone stimulates bone growth in children

A

F

46
Q

glucose levels are elevated with corticosteroid treatment

A

T

47
Q

a “moon face” and “buffalo hump” are characteristic of long-term prednisone treatment

A

T

48
Q

NSAIDs inhibit lipocortin

A

F. Steroids inhibit

49
Q

Ibuprofen is an effective anticoagulant

A

F

50
Q

meloxicam selectively inhibits COX-II enzyme

A

F. Non-selective

51
Q

indomethacin can precipitate bronchospasm in an asthmatic patient

A

F

52
Q

diclofenac is more likely than celecoxib to cause gastric ulceration

A

T

53
Q

Paracetamol is an effective antipyretic in children with bacterial infections

A

T

54
Q

Paracetamol is preferred to diclofenac when treating rheumatoid arthritis

A

F

55
Q

Paracetamol is safe in overdose

A

F

56
Q

Paracetamol inhibits COX-III

A

T. Paracetamol very likely produces analgesia and hypothermia in mice by inhibiting COX-3 in the central nervous system and lowering PGE2 levels.

57
Q

Paracetamol is a safe anticoagulant in hypertensive patients

A

F. Not an anti-coagulant

58
Q

Adverse effects of morphine include

a. urine retention
b. hypotension
c. biliary colic
d. insomnia
e. diarrhoea

A

a. T
b. F
c. T
d. F
e. F

59
Q

codeine is a mu-opioid receptor agonist

A

T

60
Q

fentanyl is less cardiotoxic than morphine

A

F. Fentanyl is related to pethidine and should not be
used in patients who have been on monoamine
inhibitors in the previous 14 days. Interaction between
these drugs is thought to produce an accumulation
of serotonin and the patient may become delirious
and violent, or may develop fatal respiratory
depression, severe hypertension and dysrhythmias

61
Q

morphine is metabolised by plasma cholinesterase

A

F. Liver

62
Q

naloxone reverses morphine-induced respiratory depression

A

T

63
Q

loperamide is used in the treatment of constipation

A

F. Anti-diahorreal

64
Q

lignocaine blocks the sensation of pressure before pain

A

F

65
Q

ropivacaine inhibits C-fibres before A-fibres

A

T

66
Q

procaine is an ester local anaesthetic

A

T

67
Q

the ionised form of bupivacaine diffuses into the axon membrane

A

T

68
Q

tetracaine is metabolised by pseudocholinesterase

A

T. Esters are metabolized by pseudocholinestarase

Pharmacology Past Papers 1 (7 decks)

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