2009 Flashcards

1
Q
  1. Kinetics and Dynamics
    a. intravenous drugs have bioavailability of 50%
    b. topical administration is a type of parenteral administration
    c. sodium bicarbonate increases the pH of the stomach
    d. first-pass metabolism refers to renal elimination of water soluble drugs
    e. adrenaline is a alpha-1 receptor agonist
A

a. F
b. F
c. T
d. F
e. T

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2
Q
2.
ANS drug correctly matched with clinical use
a. adrenaline - anaphylactic shock
b. atropine - organophosphate poisoning
c. dopamine - hypertension
d. neostigmine - myasthenia gravis
e. phenylephrine - rebound hyperaemia
A

a. T
b. T
c. F
d. T
e. F

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3
Q
  1. Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) - Systemic Drugs
    a. β1-adrenoceptor agonists cause bradycardia
    b. β2-adrenoceptor agonists cause bronchoconstriction
    c. α1-adrenoceptor blockers cause vasodilation
    d. α2-adrenoceptor agonists cause vasodilation
    e. muscarinic receptor stimulation causes tachycardia
A

a. F
b. F
c. T
d. T
e. F

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4
Q
4.
Pharmacological adverse-effects of pseudoephedrine include:
a. tremor
b. bradycardia
c. diarrhoea
d. addiction
e. hypotension
A

a. T
b. F
c. F
d. T
e. F

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5
Q
  1. Pharmacological adverse-effects of hyoscine include:
    a. dry mouth
    b. bradycardia
    c. diarrhoea
    d. abdominal spasms
    e. urinary retention
A

a. T
b. F
c. F
d. F
e. T

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6
Q
  1. Diuretics
    a. furosemide works on the loop of Henle
    b. hydrochlorothiazide causes hypokalaemia as an adverse-effect
    c. amiloride causes hypokalaemia as an adverse-effect
    d. indapamide is a high ceiling diuretic
    e. spironolactone causes gynaecomastia as an adverse-effect
A

a. T
b. T
c. F
d. F
e. T

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7
Q
  1. Bisoprolol is:
    a. a non-selective β-adrenoceptor blocker
    b. used for the treatment of cardiac failure
    c. used to control hypoglycaemic episodes in diabetics
    d. contraindicated in asthma
    e. more β1-selective at higher doses
A

a. T
b. T
c. F
d. T
e. F

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8
Q
  1. Anti hypertensive drug correctly matched with its mechanism of action
    a. amlodipine - calcium channel blockade
    b. glyceryl trinitrate - blocks Na+/K+ exchange in the collecting duct
    c. enalapril - angiotensin-1 to angiotensin-2 conversion blockade
    d. valsartan - blocks Na+/K+/Cl- transporter in the ascending limb
    e. bezafibrate - HMG co-A reductase inhibitor
A

a. T
b. F
c. T
d. F
e. F

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9
Q
  1. Anticoagulants
    a. protamine sulfate blocks the action of warfarin
    b. heparin enhances antithrombin IV activity
    c. aspirin is used for the long-term prevention of stroke
    d. tranexamic acid causes pulmonary emboli
    e. streptokinase degrades fibrin thrombi
A

a. F
b. F
c. T
d. T
e. T

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10
Q

10.
Corticosteroids
a. prednisone inhibits COX-I and COX-II
b. phospholipase A2 is stimulated by lipocortin
c. beclomethasone is given to asthmatic patients to reduce inflammation
d. cortisone will precipitate allergic reactions
e. corticosteroids modify enzyme activity

A

a. T
b. F
c. T
d. F
e. T

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11
Q
  1. Opioids
    a. propoxyphene antagonises the analgesic effects of paracetamol
    b. naloxone reverses the respiratory depressant effects of morphine
    c. codeine is a more potent analgesic than fentanyl
    d. tolerance develops to euphoria before miosis
    e. tramadol blocks the reuptake of serotonin
A

a. F
b. T
c. F
d. T
e. T

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