2009 Flashcards
1
Q
- Kinetics and Dynamics
a. intravenous drugs have bioavailability of 50%
b. topical administration is a type of parenteral administration
c. sodium bicarbonate increases the pH of the stomach
d. first-pass metabolism refers to renal elimination of water soluble drugs
e. adrenaline is a alpha-1 receptor agonist
A
a. F
b. F
c. T
d. F
e. T
2
Q
2. ANS drug correctly matched with clinical use a. adrenaline - anaphylactic shock b. atropine - organophosphate poisoning c. dopamine - hypertension d. neostigmine - myasthenia gravis e. phenylephrine - rebound hyperaemia
A
a. T
b. T
c. F
d. T
e. F
3
Q
- Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) - Systemic Drugs
a. β1-adrenoceptor agonists cause bradycardia
b. β2-adrenoceptor agonists cause bronchoconstriction
c. α1-adrenoceptor blockers cause vasodilation
d. α2-adrenoceptor agonists cause vasodilation
e. muscarinic receptor stimulation causes tachycardia
A
a. F
b. F
c. T
d. T
e. F
4
Q
4. Pharmacological adverse-effects of pseudoephedrine include: a. tremor b. bradycardia c. diarrhoea d. addiction e. hypotension
A
a. T
b. F
c. F
d. T
e. F
5
Q
- Pharmacological adverse-effects of hyoscine include:
a. dry mouth
b. bradycardia
c. diarrhoea
d. abdominal spasms
e. urinary retention
A
a. T
b. F
c. F
d. F
e. T
6
Q
- Diuretics
a. furosemide works on the loop of Henle
b. hydrochlorothiazide causes hypokalaemia as an adverse-effect
c. amiloride causes hypokalaemia as an adverse-effect
d. indapamide is a high ceiling diuretic
e. spironolactone causes gynaecomastia as an adverse-effect
A
a. T
b. T
c. F
d. F
e. T
7
Q
- Bisoprolol is:
a. a non-selective β-adrenoceptor blocker
b. used for the treatment of cardiac failure
c. used to control hypoglycaemic episodes in diabetics
d. contraindicated in asthma
e. more β1-selective at higher doses
A
a. T
b. T
c. F
d. T
e. F
8
Q
- Anti hypertensive drug correctly matched with its mechanism of action
a. amlodipine - calcium channel blockade
b. glyceryl trinitrate - blocks Na+/K+ exchange in the collecting duct
c. enalapril - angiotensin-1 to angiotensin-2 conversion blockade
d. valsartan - blocks Na+/K+/Cl- transporter in the ascending limb
e. bezafibrate - HMG co-A reductase inhibitor
A
a. T
b. F
c. T
d. F
e. F
9
Q
- Anticoagulants
a. protamine sulfate blocks the action of warfarin
b. heparin enhances antithrombin IV activity
c. aspirin is used for the long-term prevention of stroke
d. tranexamic acid causes pulmonary emboli
e. streptokinase degrades fibrin thrombi
A
a. F
b. F
c. T
d. T
e. T
10
Q
10.
Corticosteroids
a. prednisone inhibits COX-I and COX-II
b. phospholipase A2 is stimulated by lipocortin
c. beclomethasone is given to asthmatic patients to reduce inflammation
d. cortisone will precipitate allergic reactions
e. corticosteroids modify enzyme activity
A
a. T
b. F
c. T
d. F
e. T
11
Q
- Opioids
a. propoxyphene antagonises the analgesic effects of paracetamol
b. naloxone reverses the respiratory depressant effects of morphine
c. codeine is a more potent analgesic than fentanyl
d. tolerance develops to euphoria before miosis
e. tramadol blocks the reuptake of serotonin
A
a. F
b. T
c. F
d. T
e. T