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Animal Genetics > Past Exams > Flashcards

Past Exams Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

True or False:
The worlds oldest nuclear genome was recently sequenced from a 700,000 year old horse.

A

True

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2
Q

True or False:
Domestication changes animal populations at the genetic level.

A

True

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3
Q

True or False:
During RNA splicing exons are removed from the mRNA transcript.

A

False introns are removed

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4
Q

True or False:
The redundancy of the genetic code refers to the fact hat although there are over three billion nucleotides it is the same four letters (A,G,T,C) that repeat themselves.

A

False it is when more than one codon codes for a singular amino acid

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5
Q

True or False:
The largest constriction site of the chromosome is called the telomere.

A

False it is the centromere

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6
Q

True or False:
Chromosomes are stained for karyotype analysis during metaphase.

A

True

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7
Q

True or False:
Meiosis occurs in somatic cells whereas mitosis only occurs in sex cells.

A

False opposite

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8
Q

True or False:
Although polyploidy occurs in some animals (salmon, salamanders), it is not viable in mammals.

A

True

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9
Q

True or False:
The probability of chromosome nondisjunction increases with age.

A

True

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10
Q

True or False:
In general, sex chromosome nondisjunction are less frequent and have a more severe effect on viability than autosomal nondisjunction.

A

False

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11
Q

This class is primarily about the genetics of _____________.

A

domestic species

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12
Q

The function of breed stock is to provide ______________.

A

genetic material

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13
Q

Selection is a process that determines all of the following except:

a. which individuals become parents
b. the precise weaning weight of the offspring
c. how long the parents remain in the breeding population
d. how many offspring the parents may produce

A

b. the precise weaning weight of the offspring

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14
Q

The haploid nuclear DNA content if referred to as the __________ and is measured in ______________.

A
  • C value
    -picograms
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15
Q

All of the following steps are integral to whole-genome shotgun and sequence by synthesis except ___________ which is unique to WGS.

A

fragments are cloned into e.coli and mapped

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16
Q

What stamens best describes the c value paradox?

A

genome size doesn’t correlate with the number of functional genes

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17
Q

The most phenotypically diverse mammalian species on the planet is _________.

A

dog

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18
Q

This type of selection favors individuals expressing the extreme phenotype…

A

direction selection

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19
Q

Animals in the farm fox experiments were selected of a single trait _____________.

A

friendliness

20
Q

The DNA template sequence reads CGATCCAGT what does the transcription read?

A

GCUAGGUCA

21
Q

Which type of RNA consists of codons that will be translated into amino acids?

A

mRNA

22
Q

The presence of a stop codon means that….

A

the RNA sequence will no longer be translated

23
Q

Organism with two sets of chromosomes in nucleated cells are said to be __________.

A

diploid

24
Q

DNA is replicated doubling the chromosomes during what phase of the cell cycle?

A

interphase

25
Q

When the centromere is close to the tip but not at the tip what chromosome type is it?

A

acrocentric

26
Q

Genetic recombination of sister chromatids occurs during what phase of the cell cycle?

A

meiosis

27
Q

The genotype for turner syndrome in mares is ________, and is an example of ___________.

A

XO, monosomy

28
Q

The tobiano spotting pattern in horses is caused by ___________.

A

inversion

29
Q

An observable or measurable characteristic of an individual

A

trait

30
Q

the synthesis of an amino acid chain form an RNA template

A

translation

31
Q

study of heredity and variation in living organism

A

genetics

32
Q

synthesis of RNA form a DNA template

A

transcription

33
Q

a group of inter mating individuals

A

population

34
Q

a chart arranging the chromosome by size and centromere position

A

karyotype

35
Q

an observed category or measured level of performance for a trait

A

phenotype

36
Q

defined by the allies that an individual inherits

A

genotype

37
Q

part of a single chromosome is present twice

A

duplication

38
Q

general term for having extra or missing chromosome within a set

A

aneuploidy

39
Q

part of a single chromosome is missing

A

deletion

40
Q

a segment of a single chromosome is reversed

A

inversion

41
Q

two separate chromosome arms exchange in part of entirely

A

translocation

42
Q

the specific term for missing a single chromosome within a set

A

monosomy

43
Q

the specific term for containing an extra chromosome in a set

A

trisomy

44
Q

General term for having a complete set of extra chromosome

A

polyploidy

45
Q

P=G+E

A

phenotype is affected by genetics and the environment

Animal Genetics (6 decks)

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