Past Exams Flashcards
True or False:
The worlds oldest nuclear genome was recently sequenced from a 700,000 year old horse.
True
True or False:
Domestication changes animal populations at the genetic level.
True
True or False:
During RNA splicing exons are removed from the mRNA transcript.
False introns are removed
True or False:
The redundancy of the genetic code refers to the fact hat although there are over three billion nucleotides it is the same four letters (A,G,T,C) that repeat themselves.
False it is when more than one codon codes for a singular amino acid
True or False:
The largest constriction site of the chromosome is called the telomere.
False it is the centromere
True or False:
Chromosomes are stained for karyotype analysis during metaphase.
True
True or False:
Meiosis occurs in somatic cells whereas mitosis only occurs in sex cells.
False opposite
True or False:
Although polyploidy occurs in some animals (salmon, salamanders), it is not viable in mammals.
True
True or False:
The probability of chromosome nondisjunction increases with age.
True
True or False:
In general, sex chromosome nondisjunction are less frequent and have a more severe effect on viability than autosomal nondisjunction.
False
This class is primarily about the genetics of _____________.
domestic species
The function of breed stock is to provide ______________.
genetic material
Selection is a process that determines all of the following except:
a. which individuals become parents
b. the precise weaning weight of the offspring
c. how long the parents remain in the breeding population
d. how many offspring the parents may produce
b. the precise weaning weight of the offspring
The haploid nuclear DNA content if referred to as the __________ and is measured in ______________.
- C value
-picograms
All of the following steps are integral to whole-genome shotgun and sequence by synthesis except ___________ which is unique to WGS.
fragments are cloned into e.coli and mapped
What stamens best describes the c value paradox?
genome size doesn’t correlate with the number of functional genes
The most phenotypically diverse mammalian species on the planet is _________.
dog
This type of selection favors individuals expressing the extreme phenotype…
direction selection
Animals in the farm fox experiments were selected of a single trait _____________.
friendliness
The DNA template sequence reads CGATCCAGT what does the transcription read?
GCUAGGUCA
Which type of RNA consists of codons that will be translated into amino acids?
mRNA
The presence of a stop codon means that….
the RNA sequence will no longer be translated
Organism with two sets of chromosomes in nucleated cells are said to be __________.
diploid
DNA is replicated doubling the chromosomes during what phase of the cell cycle?
interphase
When the centromere is close to the tip but not at the tip what chromosome type is it?
acrocentric
Genetic recombination of sister chromatids occurs during what phase of the cell cycle?
meiosis
The genotype for turner syndrome in mares is ________, and is an example of ___________.
XO, monosomy
The tobiano spotting pattern in horses is caused by ___________.
inversion
An observable or measurable characteristic of an individual
trait
the synthesis of an amino acid chain form an RNA template
translation
study of heredity and variation in living organism
genetics
synthesis of RNA form a DNA template
transcription
a group of inter mating individuals
population
a chart arranging the chromosome by size and centromere position
karyotype
an observed category or measured level of performance for a trait
phenotype
defined by the allies that an individual inherits
genotype
part of a single chromosome is present twice
duplication
general term for having extra or missing chromosome within a set
aneuploidy
part of a single chromosome is missing
deletion
a segment of a single chromosome is reversed
inversion
two separate chromosome arms exchange in part of entirely
translocation
the specific term for missing a single chromosome within a set
monosomy
the specific term for containing an extra chromosome in a set
trisomy
General term for having a complete set of extra chromosome
polyploidy
P=G+E
phenotype is affected by genetics and the environment
