Passmedicine Qs Flashcards

1
Q

What’s the difference between priamry and secondary dysmenorrhea

A

primary dysmenorrhoea there is no underlying pelvic pathology

Secondary dysmenorrhoea typically develops many years after the menarche and is the result of an underlying pathology.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Mx of secondary dysmenorrhea

A

Refer to gynae for investigation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Mx of primary dysmenorrhea

A

NSAIDs
Mefanemic acid

2nd line - COCP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

When do you surgically excise a fibroadenoma

A

If it is above 3cm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Tx for hepatitis A+E

A

Supportive care

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which genetic condtion is associated with supravalvular aortic stenosis

A

Williams syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Difference between lambert Eaton syndrome and myasthenia gravis

A

Lambert Eaton usually worse affected in the legs and associated with SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What should be prescribed alongside SSRIs

A

PPI as it has gastric effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

When would you not give topiramate in migraine prophylaxis

A

In women of child bearing age - lead to pregnancy complications

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Eron class for cellulitis

A

Eron I - no signs of systemic toxicity and no uncontrolled co-morbidities

Eron II - systemically unwell or systemically well but with a co-morbidity

Eron III - systemic upset such as acute confusion, tachycardia, tachypnoea, hypotension, or unstable co-morbidities

Eron IV - sepsis syndrome or a severe life-threatening infection such as necrotizing fasciitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Samters triad

A

Asthma
Nasal polyps
Aspirin/ NSAID sensitivity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the shockable rhythm

A

Ventricular fibrillation
Pulse less ventricular tachycardia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Edward’s syndrome quadruple test results

A

Alphafeto protein - low
Oestriol - low
beta HCG - low
Inhibin A - normal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Give some medications to avoid in end stage renal failure

A

NSAIDS
Lithium
Metformin
Nitrofurantoin/tertracyclines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Main side effect of giving magnesium

A

Diarrhoea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Features of optic neuritis

A

CRAP

Central scotoma - blind spot in middle eye
Reduced red vision
Acuity (reduced)
Painful eye movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

When do you use each of

Ondansetron
Haloperidol
Prochlorperazine
Metoclopramide

In treating sickness

A

Ondansetron from you Oncologist - after chemo
Haloperidol for causes in your Head - raised ICP
Prochlorperazine for when you feel Peculiar (i.e. dizzy) - vestibular causes
Metoclopramide for things attached to the Mesentry - GI causes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Why do you give lorazepam in patients with liver cirrhosis and delirium tremens

A

Because chlordiazepoxide is not metabolised properly in patients with liver cirrhosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Difference between chlamydia and gonorrhoeal conjunctivitis

A

Chlamydia - 5 days/ 2 weeks - later onset
Gonorrhea - from 24 hours to 5 days - earlier onset

20
Q

What is the post exposure prophylaxis of HIV

A

Oral Antiretrovirals for 4 weeks

21
Q

HSV encephalitis CT shows?

A

temporal lobe changes

22
Q

Urea levels in upper vs lower gi bleed

A

High urea levels can indicate an upper GI bleed versus lower GI bleed

23
Q

When is carboprost CI

24
Q

What differentiates mania from hypomania

A

grandiose delusions according to the DSM-5 criteria

25
Pilocarpine what type of drug
M3 agonist
26
What is the classic persistent vomiting picture with electrolyte
Metabolic alkalosis -hypokalaemia -hypochloreamia -elevated bicarbonate
27
What is the treatment for invasive diarrhoea (bloody diarrhoea and fever)
Ciproflaxacin
28
Travellers diarrhoea treatment
Clarithromycin
29
Most effective form of emergency contraception
IUD
30
Different age groups for perthes and SUFE
Perthes = Primary school (4-8) SUFE = secondary school + obese (10-15)
31
Haemoglobin level cutoff for iron supplementation in pregnancy 1st trimester 2nd/ 3rd trimester Postpartum
1st trimester - 110 2nd/ 3rd trimester - 105 Postpartum -100
32
What organism is associated with erythema multiforme
Mycoplasma pneumonia
33
Why would you not give metacloperamide for more than 5 days
Causes extrapyramidal side effects as it is a dopamine antagonist
34
Why should oxybutinin not be used in elderly
As it increases risk of falls due to postural hypotension
35
How do you manage with hyposplenism with coeliac disease
-vaccine against pneumococcal, haemophilus type B, meningococcus type C -influenza vaccine yearly
36
Fluid resuscitation amount for paeds
10 ml/kg bolus
37
What is acute dystonia and whats its treatment
Acute dystonia - involuntary muscle contractions and abnormal postures, particularly affecting the face, neck, and sometimes the limbs. Tx- procyclidine (anticholinergic)
38
What is tardive dyskinesia and what is the Tx
involuntary repetitive body movements, which may include grimacing, sticking out the tongue or smacking the lips Tx - tetrabenzine
39
Tx for akathisia
Propanalol
40
Tx for essential tremor
1st line - Propranolol 2nd line- primidone
41
What diseases can cause false positive syphilis VDRL results (4)
Some times mistakes happen S - SLE T- TB M- malaria H- HIV
42
Partial vs total stroke
total has all three symptoms and partial has any two. 1.hemiparesis 2.homonymous hemianopia 3.higher function loss e.g. Speech
43
What is a Jarisch Herxheimer reaction
A temporary reaction to antibiotics that usually occurs within 24 hours of administration by syphilis or Lyme disease or leptospirosis - causes tachycardia, fever, chills, myalgia
44
At first administration how should clozapine be checked
Once every week for 18 weeks
45
Most common vaginal cancer type
Overall -secondary metastatic cancer form endometrium of cervix Primary cancer - squamous cell carcinoma