Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Phase 3a - Arun&Erin > ILAs > Flashcards

ILAs Flashcards

1
Q

Management of juvenile infant arthritis?

A

-NSAIDs, such as ibuprofen

-Steroids, either oral, intramuscular or intra-artricular in oligoarthritis

-DMARDs- methotrexate, sulfasalazine and leflunomide

-Biologics -TNF inhibitors etanercept, infliximab and adalimumab

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is still disease

A

-a subtype of Juvenile idiopathic arthritis
-which is systemic and can affect joints and organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Signs of stills disease (systemic arthritis) (8)

A

-Subtle salmon-pink rash
-High swinging fevers
-Enlarged lymph nodes
-Weight loss
-Joint inflammation and pain
-Splenomegaly
-Muscle pain
-Pleuritis and pericarditis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Complication of Systemic JIA?

A

-macrophage activation syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is macrophage activation syndrome?

A

-severe activation of the immune system and inflammatory response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Investigation that will suggest Macrophage activation syndrome?

A

Low ESR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Key NON INFECTIVE differentials of a high grade fever for 5+ days? (4)

A

-Kawasaki disease
-stills’s disease
-rheumatic fever
-leukemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

5 Subtypes of JIA?

A

-Systemic JIA
-Polyarticular JIA
-Oligoarticular JIA
-Enthesitis related arthritis
-Juvenile psoriatic arthritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Macrophage activation syndrome presentation

A

-stills disease presentation
PLUS
-aneamia
-DIC
-thrombocytopenia
-non blanching rash

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is polyarticular arthritis?

A

-Idiopathic inflammatory arthritis in 5 joints or more
-tends tot be symmetrical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is oligoarticular JIA?

A
  • idiopathic inflammatory arthritis, involving 4 joints or less
    -tends to affect larger joints like hips and knees
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What presentation is commonly associated with Oligoarticular JIA?

A

Anterior uveitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which group are the sites related arthritis more common in

A

Males over 6 years
- equivalent to seronegative spondyloarthropathies such as Ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis and reactive arthritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is an enthesis?

A

Point at which the tendon of a muscle inserts into a bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is Enthesitis-Related Arthritis?

A

Inflammation of the insertion point of a tendon to bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

causes of enthesitis?

A

-traumatic stress e.g during repetitive sport
-autoimmune inflammation

17
Q

What is commonly associated with Enthesitis related arthritis?

A

Anterior uveitis

18
Q

Common sites of inflammation in enthesitis related arthritis ?

A

-Interphalangeal joints in the hand
-Wrist
-Over the greater trochanter
-Quadriceps insertion at the ASIS
-Quadriceps and patella tendon insertion
-Base of achilles, at the calcaneus
-Metatarsal heads on the base of the foot

19
Q

Signs of juvenile psoriatic arthritis?

A

-Plaques of psoriasis
-Pitting of the nails (nail pitting)
-Onycholysis, separation of the nail from the nail bed
-Dactylitis, inflammation of the full finger
-Enthesitis

20
Q

What is Patent ductus arteriosus?

A

-when the ductus arteriosus fails to close completely within the first 2-3 weeks of life

21
Q

Risk factors for PDA

A

-PREMATURITY
-rubella infection during pregnancy to the mother
-FHx

22
Q

Presentation of PDA (5)

A

-SOB
-Difficulty feeding
-Poor weight gain
-Lower respiratory tract infections
-tachypnoea

23
Q

Pathophysiology of PDA?

A

-pressure in AORTA is greater than that in pulmonary vessels

-causes L to R shunt

-increases pulmonary vessel pressure (pulmonary HTN)

-leads to RHS overload and hypertrophy

-Can then lead to LVH

24
Q

What heart sound in PDA?

A

Continuous machinery murmur
- can obscure the second heart sound

25
Q

How to diagnose PDA

A

-ECHO
- can be used in conjunction with Doppler to assess L to R shunt

26
Q

Managment of PDA?

A

-monitor until 1 year old using ECHO
-NSAIDs may be used to encourage the closure of PDA
-trans catheterisation
-surgically close

27
Q

What disease do the newborn blood spot test test for?

A

-congenital hypothyroidism
-sickle cell
-cystic fibrosis
-phenylketonuria
-beta thalassaemia
-MCAD deficiency

28
Q

What is involved in the septic screen

A
  • blood cultures
  • bloods - FBC, U+E, glucose
  • lactate
  • LP considered
  • CXR
  • urine sample
29
Q

Most common fractures associated with childhood abuse (3)

A

Radial
Humeral
Femoral

30
Q

Factors which point to childhood abuse (4)

A

-story inconsistent with injuries

-repeated attendances at A&E departments

-delayed presentation

-child with a frightened, withdrawn appearance - ‘frozen watchfulness’

31
Q

Physical signs of childhood abuse (6)

A

bruising

fractures: particularly metaphyseal, posterior rib fractures or multiple fractures at different stages of healing

torn frenulum: e.g. from forcing a bottle into a child’s mouth

burns or scalds

failure to thrive

sexually transmitted infections e.g. Chlamydia, Gonorrhoea, Trichomonas

Phase 3a - Arun&Erin (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions