PassMedicine

Question 1

what is used to treat malaria

Answer 1

quinine

Question 2

what are features of primary TB and post-primary TB

Answer 2

primary TB - asymptomatic

post primary TB - symptomatic

Question 3

what causes cholera

Answer 3

vibrio cholerae

Question 4

what is characteristic of cholera

Answer 4

water diarrhoea

‘rice water stools’

Question 5

what is a common contagious cause of childhood diarrhoea

Answer 5

rotavirus

Question 6

what is used to treat shingles

Answer 6

acyclovir

Question 7

what are features of n gonorrhoea infection

Answer 7

purulent urethral discharge which is yellow coloured

dysuria

Question 8

what are features of chlamydia

Answer 8

dysuria

Question 9

what distinguishes n gonorrhoea and chlamydia

Answer 9

n gonorrhoea has yellow purulent discharge

Question 10

what is the first line treatment for bacterial meningitis

Answer 10

1.2g IM benzylpeniciillin

Question 11

what stain is diagnostic of TB

Answer 11

ziehl nelson staining

Question 12

what are the most common causes of bacterial meningitis

Answer 12

strep pneumoniae

n meningitidis

Question 13

what distinguishes bacterial and viral meningitis

Answer 13

bacterial has a rash

Question 14

what is a common cause of neonatal meningitis

Answer 14

listerial monocytogenes

Question 15

what causes lockjaw

Answer 15

tetanus with c tetani

Question 16

what causes scabies

Answer 16

sarcoptes scabiae

Question 17

how does scabies present

Answer 17

itchy papular rash

found in web spaces between fingers and palms of hand

Question 18

what is the most common cause of septic arthritis in children

Answer 18

h influenzae

Question 19

what is the most common cause of septic arthritis in young adults

Answer 19

n gonorrhoea

Question 20

what is the most common cause of septic arthritis in older adults

Answer 20

s aureus

Question 21

what is seen on CT head with toxoplasmosis

Answer 21

ring enhancing lesions

Question 22

how does candida albicans present

Answer 22

HIV patients

colonises in the oesophagus causing dysphagia and retrosternal discomfort

Question 23

what is the most common complaint with PE

Answer 23

SOB

Question 24

when and why does pleuritic chest pain present with PE

Answer 24

PE causes pulmonary infarction which leads to gradual onset of pleuritic chest pain

Question 25

what condition is terlipressin used in

Answer 25

varices to lower BP

Question 26

what condition is omeprazole used in

Answer 26

PUD to lower risk of rebleeding

Question 27

what % of SAHs are excluded with CT scan

Answer 27

90

Question 28

when should LPs be taken with SAH

Answer 28

>12hours after presentation to allow for appearance of bilirubin in CSF (yellow)

Question 29

what is rare in TIA

Answer 29

LOC

Question 30

what is the treatment of choice for a VT with haemodynamic compromise

Answer 30

DC cardioversion

Question 31

when is DC cardioversion used in AF

Answer 31

after 4wks of anticoagulation unless patient is haemodynamically compromised or patient clearly presents within 48hrs of onset

Question 32

what is a common precipitant of an acute asthma attack

Answer 32

viral infection (bacteria is rare)

Question 33

when is thrombolysis or PCI given to patients with an MI

Answer 33

if they present within 12hours of the symptoms

Question 34

what might you seen in the palate with infectious mononucleosis

Answer 34

palatal petechiae

Question 35

what test is used to confirm infectious mononucleosis

Answer 35

paul bunnell test (heterophile antibody test for EBV now improves on it)

Question 36

when should rehydration intravenously occur in infection

Answer 36

tachycardia or signs of hypovolaemia

Question 37

what is the most common cause of bacterial meningitis

Answer 37

strep pneumoniae

Question 38

what produces a non-blanching petechial rash in meningitis

Answer 38

neisseria meningitidis

Question 39

what is seen on CT with toxoplasmosis

Answer 39

ring-enhancing lesions

Question 40

what are clue cells associated with

Answer 40

bacterial vaginosis

Question 41

what is a gram negative diplococci

Answer 41

neisseria meningitidis

Question 42

what is used to treat c diff

Answer 42

oral metronidazole

Question 43

what causes retinitis in HIV

Answer 43

CMV

Question 44

what is a auramine phenol stain used to diagnose

Answer 44

TB

Question 45

what are examples of encapsulated organisms

Answer 45

``` Hemophilus influenzae Streptococcus pneumoniae Neisseria meningitidis Group B streptococcus Klebsiella pneumoniae Salmonella ```

Question 46

what infection assocoiated with india can cause liver abscesses

Answer 46

entamoeba histolytica

Question 47

what can be used to treat MRSA

Answer 47

vancomycin | teicoplanin

Question 48

what are gram positive cocci in clusters

Answer 48

staph

Question 49

what are gram positive cocci in chains

Answer 49

strep

Question 50

what is a gram negative bacilli

Answer 50

e coli

Question 51

what is a gram positive cocci which is coagulase positive

Answer 51

s aureus

Question 52

what is a gram positive cocci which is coagulase negative

Answer 52

s epidermidis (urinary problems)