Passmed - ENT key facts Flashcards
Common cause of bacterial otitis media?
Haemophilus influenzae is a common cause of bacterial otitis media
Branchial cysts Px?
A branchial cyst is typically a benign, lateral, unilateral neck mass
Sudden onset horizontal nystagmus, hearing disturbances, nausea, vomiting and vertigo - likely Dx?
Acute viral labrynthitis: sudden onset horizontal nystagmus, hearing disturbances, nausea, vomiting and vertigo
What is the most suitable management option for epistaxis where the bleed site is difficult to localise?
Anterior packing is the most suitable management option for epistaxis where the bleed site is difficult to localise
BPPV diagnostic and management manoeuvres?
BPPV
Dix-Hallpike manoeuvre is diagnostic
Epley manoeuvre is for treatment
Neck cyst containing cholesterol crystals on FNA?
Branchial cysts characteristically contain cholesterol crystals
Complications of thyroid surgery in terms of calcium levels?
Complications of thyroid surgery - damage to parathyroid glands can result in hypocalcaemia
Facial pain worse on leaning forward?
Facial pain worse on leaning forward - think sinusitis
Gingival hyperplasia causes?
Gingival hyperplasia: phenytoin, ciclosporin, calcium channel blockers and AML
Mx of haemorrhage 5-10 days after tonsillectomy?
Haemorrhage 5-10 days after tonsillectomy is commonly associated with a wound infection and should therefore be treated with antibiotics
If a perforated tympanic membrane does not heal by itself what is Mx?
If a perforated tympanic membrane does not heal by itself a myringoplasty may be performed
In a penicillin-allergic patient, alternative to phenoxymethylpenicillin for a bacterial sore throat?
In a penicillin-allergic patient, 7 or 10 days of erythromycin is a suitable alternative to phenoxymethylpenicillin for a bacterial sore throat
Vertigo occurs spontaneously. Episodes last for minutes to hours, and are accompanied by unilateral hearing loss and tinnitus, Dx?
In Meniere’s disease, vertigo occurs spontaneously. Episodes last for minutes to hours, and are accompanied by unilateral hearing loss and tinnitus
In patients with chronic or recurrent ear discharge, ensure the attic is visualised to exclude cholesteatoma
In patients with chronic or recurrent ear discharge, ensure the attic is visualised to exclude cholesteatoma
When would intranasal steroids be considered for sinusitis?
Intranasal steroids should only be considered for sinusitis if symptoms have persisted for 10 days or more