Dermatology Cheat Sheet Flashcards
Leg ulcers with ABPI >0.8 Mx?
Graduated compression
ABPI of 0.4 Mx?
Refer to vascular surgeon
Psoriasis skin changes?
Absent granular layer, hyperproliferation of keratinocytes
Woman with multiple lumps on her back. Been there for years - wants them checked out. Asymptomatic, well-defined, “stuck-on” warty appearance. Mx?
Reassure - no Tx required. (Seborrhoeic keratosis)
Linear IgG + complement in BM on IF?
Pemphigoid
Herald patch, Fir tree appearance, Dx?
Pityriasis Rosea - self-limiting, disappears in 6-12 weeks
Next step in someone with a skin lesion question???
No answer given. Refer to derm?
Derm lesion descriptions
• When describing a rash state: o Location. o Distribution. o Colour. o Border . • Macule: hyper pigmented flat lesion <1cm. • Patch: hyper pigmented flat lesion >1cm.
- Papule: raised, well defined lesion <0.5cm.
- Nodule: raised, well defined lesion >0.5cm.
- Plaque: raised, flat top lesions that grow horizontally and >1cm.
- Vesicle: fluid filled lesion < 0.5cm.
- Bulla: fluid filled lesion >0.5cm.
- Pustule: pus filled lesion.
- Cyst: Nodule with semi solid material.
- Erosion: superficial skin break in the epidermis.
- Ulcer: deep skin break that extends down to the dermis.
- Fissure: horizontal split in epidermis.
- Lichenification: increased appearance of skin markings.
- Crust: yellow / brown exudate.
- Scale: Dry fragments of skin.
- Erythema: reddening of skin.
- Purpura: purple discoloration due to damage to blood vessels.
Hyperkeratosis and Munro abscesses, Dx?
Psoriasis
Tx of Bowen’s disease?
Management options:
Topical 5-fluorouracil or imiquimod
Cryotherapy
Excision
Lentigo Maligna - a type of melanoma-in-situ
Older woman with dark patch on sun-exposed skin most her life
Painful, red, ulcerating nodules with violaceous borders which become inflamed and indurated and characteristically have an undermined edge, starts as pustules and these coalesce and form a large necrotic ulcerating lesion. 50% of cases are idiopathic but common associations are IBD, RA and seronegative arthropathies, and leukaemias
Pyoderma gangrenosum
Vascular lesion that occurs on both mucosa and skin and appears as an overgrowth of tissue due to irritation, physical trauma, or hormonal factors
Pyogenic granuloma
Exclamation mark hair. Dx?
Alopecia areata
Red rash, flexor surface of forearm, very itchy, Dx?
Lichen Planus - Think of the P’s - Pruritic, purple, papular, polygonal, oral involvement, striae, flexor surfaces
Itchy, blistering rash, sore abdominal pain, change in bowel habits, Dx?
Dermatitis herpetiformis - linked to coeliac, tTG antibodies, IgA deposits, Tx = Dapsone
Child, itchy at night, excoriations only, Dx?
Scabies. Tx = Permethrin 1st, Malathion 2nd
Woman, ankle ulcer just healed, ABPI good on both legs, further Mx?
Compression stockings apparently
Man, leg ulcer, ABPI 2.7, known arteriopathy with mixed disease, Mx?
Basic wound care? Refer for amputation? 1.5
1-2cm ulcer on leg, slowly growing, next step in Ix?
Biopsy
Slapped cheek classic description - what is causative organism?
Parvovirus B19
Girl with herpes on lip - Ix?
Swab for viral PCR?
Ix for boy with lesion between toe, then got erythematous round lesion with crusting at edges.
Sounds fungal - skin scraping
Impetigo Ix?
Bacterial swab - usually caused by staph aureus
Mx - topical fusidic acid, oral flucloxacillin next step
Target lesions
Erythema multiforme
Histology of warts, psoriasis and pemphigus
Look up. Also of palms vs armpits vs scalp etc
Build up of what in porphyria cutanea tarda?
Uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase
Crying child in direct sunlight?
Erythropoietic protoporphyria
1st line Tx for Acne rosacea?
Topical metronidazole
1st line Tx for Acne vulgaris?
Benzoyl peroxide or topical clindamycin
What is epidermolysis bullosa?
Breakdown of anchoring between the epidermis and dermis
Had images of SCC, basal cell papilloma, and dermatofibroma
Look up
NF1 Dx?
Clinical: Café-au-lait spots (>= 6, 15 mm in diameter) Axillary/groin freckles Peripheral neurofibromas Iris hamatomas (Lisch nodules) in > 90% Scoliosis Pheochromocytomas
Doesn’t have to be a family history as can occur from gene mutations
Question on which of the following is true; then gave statements about lotions/creams/ointments e.g. “lotions are good for dry conditions such as eczema”
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