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1
Q

meigs syndrome describes

A

association between benign ovarian tumour and a transudate pleural effusion

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2
Q

Ca-125 suggests

A

could be an ovarian tumour

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3
Q
  • penetrating chest trauma
  • falling 02 sats
  • reduced breath sounds in right hemithorax
  • cardiovascular compromise

suggest

A

tension pneumothorax

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4
Q

treatment for tension pneumothox when haemodynamically unstable

A
  • needle aspirate then chest drain

chest drain is definitve treatment but takes too long to set up so needle immediately - is a temporary measure before chest drain

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5
Q

bilateral, fine, late inspiratory crackles, more marked in the mid zones and lung bases. cxr shows patchy shadowing at lung bases

what and what treatment

A

IPF and HRCT

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6
Q

breathlessness and tight shiny skin over fingers

A

Sclerodactyly

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7
Q

erythema nodosum is associated with

A

inflammatory bowel disease

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8
Q

death from deep vein thromobosis and then PE. what vessel most likely affected to cause the death

A

PULMONARY ARTERY

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9
Q

tb underlying mechanism

A

IV Hypersensitivity reaction

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10
Q

is salbutamol a b2 adrenoceptor agonist or antagonist

A

agonist

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11
Q

broncnhial smooth muscle contains what adrenoceptor

A

b2

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12
Q

post bone marrow/ heart or lung transplant with obstructive results hints

A

Bronchiolitis obliterans

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13
Q

– presents with yellow deformed nails, lymphoedema and exudative pleural effusion or other resp involvement

A

yellow nail syndrome

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14
Q

yellow nail syndrome is associated with

A

nephrotic syndrome, protein-losing enteropathy, B cell deficiency

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15
Q

sarcoidosis causes what kind of pleural effusion

A

exudate

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16
Q

sarcoidosis, tb or carcinoma what kind of effusions

A

exudate

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17
Q

baker presents with rhinitis, breathlessness and wheeze that has gotten worse since returning from 2 week holiday to spain

A

occupation asthma, not legionella

As bakers asthma commonly caused by allerfy to alpha amylase, enzyme in flour. symptoms of occupational asthma ussually improve when away from work so fact its worsen now hes returned makes sense.

legionella would more present with nausea, vomitting, diarrhoea

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18
Q
  • cxr= multiple rounded lesions and alveolar shadowing
  • positive for c-ANCA
A

granulomstosis with polyangiitis

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19
Q

comon cuases of chronic cough with normal cxr and spirometry, no red flags in non somker is

snd what test

A

cough variant asthma, GORD, post nasal drip

suggests cough variant asthma so bronchial provocation testing

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20
Q

if got dry cough, unable to provide a

A

sputum sample for sputum culture

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21
Q

operation of one way valve system, drawing air into the pleural space during inspiration and not allowing it out during expiration

A

tension pneumothorax

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22
Q

left sided chest pain, reduced air entry at left base of the lung, hyper-resonant percussion sounds at the left side of the chest.tender abdomen, then becomes cyanosed

A

Tension pneumothorax

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23
Q

if pH between 7.25 and 7.35 should consider

A

non-invasive ventilation

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24
Q

most common lobe affected in klebsiella

A

right upper lobe

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25
Q

klebsiella is best treated with

A

carbapenams eg metropenem

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26
Q

atypical epithelial tubules in a sarcomatous background or carcinomatous

A

Mesothelioma

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27
Q

malignant mesothelioma in electron microscopy

A

epithelial cells have long thin microvilli

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28
Q

pleomorphic cells in a cluster with keratin pearls and intercellular bridges

A

squamous cell carcinoma of the lung

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29
Q

large undifferentiated anaplastic cells

A

large cell carcinoma of the lung

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30
Q

neoplastic cells forming mucinous glands

A

pulmonary adenocarcinoma

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31
Q

next treatment for acute asthma attack after sablutamol, ipratropium, hydrocortisone

A

magnesium sulphate

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32
Q

got asthma and gotten worse due to a cold what do you do to treat and peak flow dropped significantly

A

oral steriod - prednisolone

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33
Q

first treatment for asthma in kids 5-12

A

salbutamol

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34
Q

if had overdose, check

A

salicylate levels

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35
Q

hyperventillating few days after fracture of femur in car crash. he is cyanosed what test

A

ABG

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36
Q

smell pear drops

A

diabetes so measure blood glucose levels

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37
Q

if suspect chest infection do

A

CXR

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38
Q

shaking epsiodes is common in

A

infections - pneumonia, cholangitis, empyema, some abscesses

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39
Q

history of sibling being unwell and history of repeated hospital admisssions with features such as severe chest pain, difficulty breathing can suggest

A

hereditary disease and so do blood count and film

sickle cell anameia

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40
Q

in pneumonia chest expansion is likely to be

A

normal

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41
Q

stony dull is

A

effusion and not pneumonia

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42
Q

V/Q scan may be preferred over CTPA for pE when

A

renal impairment

pregnacy and contrast allergy

CTPA uses radiocontrast which is nephrotoxic

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43
Q

upper lobe bronchiectasis could be due to

middle lobe

lower lobe

central

A

Cf, tb

immotile cilia sydrome, myobacterium avium

interstitial lung disease, aspiration

ABPA

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44
Q

ocassionally balck sputum, high eosinophills, raised igE suggests allergic bronchopulmonary aspergilosis and on CT you will find

A

Central cystic/ varicose bronchiectasis in multiple lobes

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45
Q

-bronchiectasis mainly in upper lobes and mainly in a single lobe associated with

A

asthma

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46
Q

tb is frequently in the lung

A

apices

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47
Q

pneumonia is typically affects the elderly, typically after influenza

A

staph. aureus

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48
Q

can cause meningitis and pneumonia

A

h. influenzae

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49
Q

what orgainsms are foul smelling

A

anaerobes

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50
Q

Long term oxyge therapy can be used inn – patients

A

COPD

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51
Q

signs of hypercapnia

A

flapping tremor, bounding pulse, palmar erythema

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52
Q

hypercalcaemia is typically seen in

A

squamous cell bronchial carcinoma

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53
Q

associated with pleural thickening on CXR

A

mesothelioma

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54
Q

SOB, palitations,, syncope,exertional asthma and bilateral ankle swelling

A

Familial Primary Pulmonary Hypertension

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55
Q

air-crescent sign on CT

A

Aspergillus

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56
Q

where would you do thoracentesis

A

above the 5th rib in the mid axillary line

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57
Q

lung bipsy shows non caseating granulomas

A

sarcoidosis

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58
Q

confirm diagnosis of sarcoidosis

A

Lung biopsy

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59
Q
A
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60
Q

what can you develop from amiodarone

A

pulmonary fibrosis

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61
Q

actinomycetes thrive in

A

mouldy hay

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62
Q

Contralateral tracheal deviation, reduced chest expanisons , increased resonance on percussion, absent breath sounds

A

tension pneumothorax

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63
Q

Gold standard investigation for pulmonary fibrosis

A

High resolution CT

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64
Q

Gold standard investigatio for PE

A

CTPA

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65
Q

each lung has how many bronchopulmonary segments

A

10

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66
Q

The lungs recieve a dual blood supply by the

A

pulmonary artery and bronchial arteries

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67
Q

stop for breath after about 100m of walking on level ground is what on the MRC dynspnoea scale

A

3

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68
Q

Best investigation for a effusion is a

A

pleural aspirate as it measures protein content and determines whether the fluid is an exudate or a transudate

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69
Q

Low serum calcium, phosphate and high ALP

A

Vitamin D deficincey (VDD)

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70
Q

what 2 drugs cause vitamin D deficinecy

A

Rifampicin and isoniazid

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71
Q

V leiden mutation and smoking predisposes to

A

clotting

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72
Q

V leiden mutation, SOb , chest pain, erythematous , swollen left lower extremity

A

DVT and PE

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73
Q

CXR- wedge shaped opacity representing occlusion of a vessel within the lung parenchyma supplying a lung segment

A

PE

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74
Q

like an exacerbation of cystic fibrosis

A

bronchiectasis

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75
Q

treatmetn for cf patient with Pseudomoans aeruginosa

A

ciprofloxacin

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76
Q

clubbing, cyanosis and florid crepitations at both bases

A

bronchiectasis

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77
Q

what is contraindicated in massive haemoptysis

A

NON-INVASIVE VENTILLATION

(increased risk of aspiration of blood if a ventillation mask is worn)

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78
Q

immediate treatment for tension pneumothorax

A

high flow 02

aspirate using a 16-18G cannila into teh second anterior intercostal space mid clavicular line

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79
Q

if primary penumothorax and less than 2cm but still breathless then do

A

aspirated and if fails then chets drain

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80
Q

if primary pneumothorax less than 2 cm and asymptomatic then

A

discharge home

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81
Q

to be considered for lung transplant patients with COPD should have FEV1

A

<25%

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82
Q

contraindications to lung transplant

A

Fev1<25%

BMI>35

Active infection of tb

>65 years old

malignancy in the past 2 years

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83
Q

Interstitial inflammation, chronic bronchiolitis, non-necrozing granuloma

A

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis

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84
Q

hypersensitivity pneumonitits or

A

farmers lung

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85
Q

Lung biopsy of aspergillosis shows

A

hyphae with vascular invasion and surrounding tissue necrosis

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86
Q

several epsiodes of pneumonia as a child and then now developing cough with sputum and SOB

A

Bronchiectasis

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87
Q

patient had cough with green sputum and fever and rigors and now increased Resp rate and HR and bronchial breathing at left lung base

A

Sepsis secondary to pneumonia and new onset of atrial fibrillatio is secondary to sepsis. so treat sepsis with IV antibitoics

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88
Q

despite having normal cxr, patient has tiredness, persisitent cough (>3weeks) , haemoptysis in a smoker could still indicate underlying lung cancer and so

A

refer patient urgently to chest physician with suspected lung cancer

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89
Q

Smoker presenting with a cough first investigation?

also if suggests horners syndrome

A

CXR

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90
Q

CT-pet scan is used

A

for staging when cancer is confirmed

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91
Q

Primary tb causes a – in the lungs, reactivation of which leads to secondary tb

A

ghon focus

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92
Q

tb sytoms with high eosinpihil count

A

eosinophilia

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93
Q

eosinophilia investigation and treatment

A

definitive diagnosis - lung biopsy

therapy -steriods - prednisolone

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94
Q

adult onset asthma or atopy, fever, weight loss,

A

eosinophilia

95
Q

tb does not give

A

eosinophilia

96
Q

for severe copd oxygen should be

A

24-28%venturi mask or 2-4 litres via simple mask but prefereably venturi

97
Q

pulmonary manifestation of aspergillus infection

A

allergic asthma

98
Q

hypersensitivity pneumonitis or extrinsic allergic alveolitis are type — hypersensitivity reactions

A

3

99
Q

5 y/o w asthma on ICS and SABA next step is

A

add LTRA then Add LABA then icnrease dose of ICS

100
Q

first choice for community acquired pneumonia

A

amoxicillin

flucloxacillin added if there is associated influenza or other reason to susspect a staph infection

101
Q

bronchial carcinoma with low sodium

hypercalcaemia

A

Small cell

squamous

102
Q

women w asthma want to know why she continues to wheeze hours after exposure to pollen

A

inflammation followed by mucosal oedema

103
Q

young person with dysnpnoea after previosu pneumothorax and bone fracture, smokes, cxr- infiltration in both upper zones

A

Pulmonary histiocytes

104
Q

primary pneumothorax . 2cm and tension pneumothorax should recieve

A

needle thoracentesis

105
Q

in traumatic pneumothorax(stabbing) needle aspiration is not recommended and a — should be inserted

A

chest drain

106
Q

primary pneumothorax less than 2 cm not breathless but causing discomfort=

A

discharged and cxr in 2-4 weeks

should not be advised to fly fo at least 1 week and not allowed to dive unless peurodesis or pleurectomy is performed

107
Q

cavitating tumours most commonly occur in what kind of carcinomas

A

squamous cell

108
Q

hoarsness of voice is caused by invasion of what nerve

A

recurrent laryngeal nerve

109
Q

what nerve involvement causes a raised hemidiaphragm

A

phrenic nerve

110
Q

ACTH may occur in

A

small cell carcinomas

111
Q

Reduction of FEV1 by 20-30% and PEFR by about 30% is consistent with

A

normal ageing

112
Q

episodes of breathless after being treated w steriods for sarcoidosis. what would be initial test

A

Pulmonary fucntion tests with transfer factor

typically has reduced transfer factor. Transfer factor is a goood initial test for response to treatment. It is a good initial but not always the best so chec wording of question

not check ace levels

113
Q

ABG will help guide

A

oxygen therapy

114
Q

appears with asthma like symptoms 24 hrs after exposure to irritant gases/ vapours or fumes.

A

RADS and do metacholine challenge test

115
Q

Low sodium in small cell cancer patients is because of

A

Sydrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion

116
Q

treatment for Reactive airway dysfunction sydrome

A

Inhaled bronchodilators eg salbutamol

117
Q

what does not cause mesothelioma

A

smoking

118
Q

investigation for diagnosis of mesothelioma is

A

CT

119
Q

ground glass opacity surrounded by denser lung tissue is known as

A

atoll sign

120
Q

signet ring sign is found in

A

bronchiectasis

121
Q

tree bud sign is typical of

A

endobrocnhial tb

122
Q

halo signs are found in

A

angioinvasive aspergillosis

123
Q

first choice for occupation asthma

A

redemployment to another role is possibel

124
Q

patient having asthma attack - unable to talk in full sentences. despite 02 being 96% and other things being normal , peak flow is make it life threatening and so should give

A

oral prednisolone, commence salbutamol nebuliser and high flow o2, and call ambulance

125
Q

unilateral pleural effusions are usually caused by local pathology such as

A

trauma, tumour or infection

126
Q

pleural effusion on cxr

A

dependent area with lateral meniscus- ican t quite see this

127
Q

where put chest drain

A

THE BOTTOM OF THE 5TH INTERCOSTAL SPACE IN THE MID AXILLARY LINE

128
Q

CURB65 3 OR GREATER

A

INTESIVE CARE

129
Q

CURB65 0 OR 1

A

HOME

130
Q

husband owns pigeon

A

idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

131
Q

idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis tends to be – of lung

hypersensitivity pneumonitis tends to be lung –

A

lower zone predominance

apices

132
Q

airborne irritants tend to affect lung –

A

apices

133
Q

affecting base of lung =

apices=

A

IPF

hypersensitivity pneumonititis

134
Q

causes of pulmonary fibrosis

A

blecomycin, azathioprine, pneumoconisosis, occupational lung disease

135
Q

treatment for kid with OSA

A

adenotonsillectomy

136
Q

no evidence that oxygen helps copd patients who are breathless unless breathless is accompanied by

A

hypoxia

137
Q

LTOT is recommended when copd patient pa02 is less than — when stable

A

7.3

138
Q

what should not be prescribed to patients that experience seizures

A

Bupropion

139
Q

Cf causes

A

pancreatic insufficiency

140
Q

kartagener syndrome

A
  • recurrent resp infections
  • chronic sinusitis
  • infertility
  • dextrocardia
141
Q

fluid level in a retrocardiac structure can indicate

A

hiatus hernia ( stomach slips through the diaphragm) may cause reflux

142
Q

in chest drain what is not penetrated

A

visceral pleura

143
Q

order of structures encountered when chest tube inserted

A

skin, external intercostal muscle, internal intercostal muscle, innermost intercostal muscle, parietal pleura

144
Q

what causes symptoms of asthma at night

A

lower levels of cortisol

145
Q

bilateral crackles and wheeze on auscultation, right sided heart failure( raised JVP and peripheral oedema),

A

congestive cardiac failure

146
Q

in type 1 resp failrue

A

pa02 is low and paco2 is normal

147
Q

type 2 resp failure

A

pa02 is low anad paco2 is elevated

148
Q

Guillian-barre syndrome presents with

A

ascending weakness, loss of sensation and abscence of deep tendon relfexesand patient can develop resp failure

often secondary to resp tract infections

and cause type 2 resp failure

149
Q

hypoxia, hypercapnia and acidosis

A

type 2 resp failure

150
Q

pleural rub occasionaly found in

A

PE

151
Q

difference between typical and mycoplasma pneumonia on cxr

A

typical- consolidation and mycoplasma- patchy reticulonodular opacities

152
Q

fever and breathless after surgery on urogenital or GI tract. early diastolic murmur. urine dipstick positivce for blood. clubbing

A

Infective endocarditis

153
Q

young or middle agesd person most common cause of clubbing is

A

broncheictasis

154
Q

despite asbestos exposure evidence of horners syndrome suggests

A

squamous cell cancer

155
Q

what cancer is not associated with clubbing

A

small cell bronchial carcinoma

156
Q

cystic fibrosis, – and crohns disease can all cause malabsorption, growth delay and clubbing.

A

coeliac disease

coeliac is most common at 15 as CF normally diagnosed when young childre or at birth

children with coeliac are often pale skinned with pale hair

157
Q

unilateral clubbing can occur in

A

axillary artery aneurysm and coartication of the aorta

158
Q

in IPF, the diffusion pattern for carbon monoxide is usually –

A

reduced

159
Q

cxr of mesothelioma

A

pleural thickening

160
Q

you can get — secondary to asthma

A

pneumothorax

161
Q

what happens in complete right to left shunt

A

the alveolar po2 is normal but the arterial blood pa02 will be markably reduced and increasing inspired oxygen will have no effect on arterial pa02

162
Q

fingers going white to blue then to red in cold weather

finger calcinosis and facial telangiectasia

pulmonary hypertension

A

Scleroderma

163
Q

Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus may have a —-tendency due to antiphospholipid syndrome

A

thrombophilic

164
Q

– is a risk factor for persistent pulmonary hypertension

A

Recurrent thromboembolic disease

165
Q

sudden onset SOB post surgery, chest discomfort

A

PE

166
Q

classical feature of p.jirovecii is

A

desaturation on exercise

167
Q

p.jirovecii is a

A

fungal

168
Q

rare complicatio of pulmonary fibrosis

A

rounded atelectasis where the scarred visceral and parietal pleura fold on themselves and trap the underlying lung

169
Q

Most men with – are infertile but may still haev children with assited reproductive techniques

A

CF

170
Q

sweat test, cf is indicated by

A

high levels of sodium chloride

171
Q

tobacco workers lung

A

hypersensitivity pneumonitits

172
Q

treatment for hypersensitivity pneumonitis

A

change job role

173
Q

what antibiotics for chlamydia psittaci infection

A

tetracycline eg doxycycline

174
Q

symptoms of chlamydia psittaci infection

A

maculopapular rash, lobar pneumonia, mild hepatitis( raised ALT,AST and bilirubin)

175
Q

CT) Honeycombing gof the lung with parenchymal bands and pleural plaque , increased intralobular septae

A

Asbestosis

176
Q

CXR bilateral reticulonodular opacities in the lower zones

A

asbestosis

177
Q

prescence of pleural plaques helps confirm

A

asbestos exposure

178
Q

hilar lymphadenopathy, upper zone fibrosis, eggshell calcification of nodes

A

silicosis

179
Q

diffuse fibrotic bands with ground glass opacity

A

interstitial lung diseases

180
Q

cavitation of upper zones

A

classic of tb but also ankylosing spondylitis

181
Q

mutiple nodules in upper and mid zones with lower zone emphysema

A

Pneumoconiosis

182
Q

combo of azoospermia and bronchiectasis (implied by history of long standing cough productive of purulent sputum)

A

CF

183
Q

most common causative organism of colds

A

rhinovirus

184
Q

high clinical suspicion of PE and has sinus tachycardia then next step is ——before diagnostic confirmation on CTPA

A

DOAC such as rivaroxaban or apixabanor LMWH

185
Q

chronic exposure to asbestos increases the risk for – and mesothelioma. Alothough, mesothelioma is associated with asbestosis, it is rare and the risk of developing lung cancer is significantly higher than the risk fo developing mesothelioma

A

primary bronchogenic carcinoma

186
Q

asbestos exposure with dyspnoea, haemoptysis and weight loss are more likely due to

A

primary lung cancer

187
Q

Malgingant pleural effusions are

A

exudative

188
Q

protein pleural : protein serum ratio>0.5

LDH pleural: LDH serum ratio>0.6

A

exudative

189
Q

frank pus suggests there is a

A

empyema

190
Q

aspiration of pus means there will be an — upon analysis

A

exudate

191
Q

needle decompression site for tension pneumothorax

A

2nd intercostal space on the affected side

192
Q

blood in thoracic cavity and rib fractures

A

haemothorax

193
Q

in absence of frank pus early empyema can be suggested by

A

cloudy aspirate, neutrophilia

194
Q

what is first line management for women who are pregnant or recently given birth who are trying to stop smoking

A

behavioural therapy

195
Q

if got alpha 1 antitrypsin and receieves liver transplant increased risk fo what kind of emphsema

A

panacinar

196
Q

what happens in the panacinar form of emphysema

A

entire acinus is enlarged from the resp bronchiole to the distal alveoli

197
Q

centriacinar emphyema is related to exposure of

A

coal dust and tobacco products

198
Q

centracinar emphysema is characterised by

A

enlargement of the central portion of the acinus

199
Q

what emphysema’s are associated with scarring

A

paraseptal and compensatory

200
Q

emphysema resulting from rib fracture( lung parenchyma) or whooping cough

A

interstitial

201
Q

imobilasation after fracture particularly in elderly is significant risk for

A

DVT and then PE

202
Q

coughing out gelatinous or or rigid casts is called

A

plastic bronchitis

203
Q

acute presentation of sarcoidosis

A

lofgren syndrome

204
Q

6month - 3year old presents with stridor

A

croup

205
Q

accumulation of eosinophills in the lung secondary to passage of parasite alrvaes such as ascaris or strongyloides. charcotlyden crystals in sputum

A

loeffler syndrome

206
Q

cardiac asthma produces

A

pink frothy sputum

207
Q

smoking, cavitating lung lesion in middle lobe, weight loss, haemoptysis

A

squamous cell - centrally located and most commonly cavitates

208
Q

small cell lung cancer does not commonly

A

cavitate

209
Q

adenoncarcinoma usually originates in the

A

peripheral lung tissue, can cavitate but cavitataing is more common in squamous

210
Q

large cell carcinoma does not commonly

A

cavitate

211
Q
  • worked with stone
  • clubbed
  • bilateral late inspiratory crackles at both lung bases
  • upper zone nodular opacities
A

OCCUPATIONAL INTERSTITIAL LUNG DISEASE

not idiopathic plumonary fibrosis as strong association of working with stone suggest silica and silicosis

212
Q

investigation for occupational interstital lung disease

A

HRCT

213
Q

treatment for copd patient with acidotic type 2 resp failure

A

28%venturi mask and not go above 4L

214
Q

CPAP CAN BE RESP FAILURE TYPICALLY DUE TO

A

PULMONARY OEDEMA ASSOCIATED WITH LEFT VENTRICUALR FAILURE

215
Q

BiPAP can be used to treat resp acidosis due to exacerbation of copd but is not

A

first line

216
Q

has breast cancer, suddenly collapses and wakes up with chest pain and breathlessness. Loud 2nd heart sound, ECG shows right axis deviation.

A

Right ventricular hypertrophy and pulmonary hypertension( loud P2). as suddenly collapses and has reduced exercise capacity cause is likely multiple emboli and cancer increased risk of dvt

217
Q

-aspirating peanut, SOB, CXR shoes complete white out of right lung where peanut went and trachea moves towards that lung

A

atelectasis

218
Q

pleural effusion causes – mediastinal shift

A

contralateral

219
Q

CXR of pneumothorax

A

line in the lung space representing the visceral pleura and decreased lunk markings peripherally

220
Q

crackles on ausculatioin

A

pulmonary oedema

221
Q

chemical pneumonitis can be caused from exposure to

A
  • body embalmers
  • plastic,batteries, leather, rubber
222
Q

oily susbstance aspirated caused chemical pneumonitis called

A

lipoid pneumonia

223
Q

chemical pneumonia due to aspiration of gastric contents particualrly from analgesia

A

Mendelson syndrome

224
Q

formaldahyde fumes can cause

A

chemical pneumonia, ARDS, asthma like symptoms

high concs can cause larygitis or chronic bronchitis

prolonged exposure- nasopharyngeal carcinoma

225
Q

pulmonary haemorrhage can occur in diseases like

A

SLE

226
Q

in hypersensitivity pneumonitis — is not a feature

A

eosinophilia

227
Q

granulomatous reaction of lung parenchyma ooccurs after exposure to

A

berrylium

228
Q

pain radiating to shoulder can be in

A

pnuemothorax

229
Q

needles aspirated is put in where

A

2nd intercostal space on the affected side

230
Q

type 2 resp failure and acidosis secondary exacerbation of copd should be given

A

non invasive ventilation eg BiPAP

231
Q

if highly suspect PE after fligth and patietn is unstable give

AND IF STABLE GIVE

A

UNSTABLE- THROMBOLYSIS

STABLE-LMWH

232
Q

some extra pulmonary mainfestations of mycoplasma pneumonia

A

haemolytic anaemia, erythema multiforme, guillian barres syndrome, myocarditis or cerebellar ataxia

233
Q

COPD is diagnosed as FEV1<

and

A

80%

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