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DMS 223 > pass quizzes > Flashcards

pass quizzes Flashcards

1
Q

Which one of the following abnormalities refers to a fetus with a significantly narrow diameter of the chest?

A

Asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy

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2
Q

The most important determinant for fetal viability is which one of the following?

A

Pulmonary development

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3
Q

Chest circumference measurements are made in the transverse plane at the level of which one of the following?

A

Four-chamber view of the heart

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4
Q

Which one of the following statements about fetal breathing is false?

A

Breathing is absent if no fetal activity is noted during a 2-minute period.

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5
Q

The average cardiac axis is ______ degrees.

A

45

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6
Q

Common abnormalities associated with pulmonary hypoplasia include all of the following except:

A

except - Macrosomia

*the abnormalities are:
renal agenesis, 
dysplastic growth of the kidney, 
oligohydramnios, 
urinary outlet obstruction, 
loss or reduction of amniotic fluid
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7
Q

Diaphragmatic hernias may occur anteriorly and medially in the diaphragm through the foramen of ______________.

A

Morgagni

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8
Q

Which one of the following lung cysts detected prenatally is the most common?

A

Bronchogenic cyst

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9
Q

The severity of pulmonary hypoplasia depends on which one of the following?

A

When it occurs during pregnancy

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10
Q

The supernumerary lobe of the lung is called which one of the following?

A

Pulmonary sequestration

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11
Q

Normal sonographic appearances of the fetal chest include all of the following except:

A

Lungs serve as the medial borders for the heart.

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12
Q

The normal fetal lungs appear on ultrasound as which one of the following?

A

Homogeneous with moderate echogenicity

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13
Q

When fetal pleural effusion is encountered, a careful search of the _________ should be attempted.

A

Diaphragm

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14
Q

Congenital bronchial atresia is found most commonly in the __________ lobe.

A

Left upper

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15
Q

The most common type of diaphragmatic defect occurs:

A

Posteriorly and laterally

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16
Q

Herniation through the foramen of Bochdalek is usually found on which one of the following portions of the diaphragm?

A

left

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17
Q

Abnormalities within the thoracic cavity include all of the following except:

A

Brachial cleft cyst

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18
Q

Which one of the following does not describe sonographic features of a right-sided diaphragmatic hernia?

A

The stomach lies superior to the diaphragm.

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19
Q

The mortality rate at birth for the fetus with a diaphragmatic hernia is_______.

A

High

20
Q

The presence of a pleural effusion may cause which one of the following to occur?

A

A shift of mediastinal structures

21
Q

The rupture of the amnion that leads to entrapment or entanglement of the fetal parts by the “sticky” chorion is called which one of the following?

A

Amniotic band syndrome

22
Q

A defect in the lower abdominal wall and anterior wall of the urinary bladder is which one of the following?

A

Cloacal exstrophy

23
Q

An anomaly with large cranial defects, facial cleft, large body-wall defects, and limb abnormalities is called which one of the following?

A

Limb–body wall complex

24
Q

Evaluation of the fetal abdominal wall that demonstrates evisceration of the bowel to the right of the umbilical cord is most representative of which one of the following?

A

Gastroschisis

25
Q

Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome includes all of the following except:

A

Gastroschisis

26
Q

Which of the following types of anterior abdominal wall defects are the most common?

A

Gastroschisis, umbilical hernia, and omphalocele

27
Q

The five defects of pentalogy of Cantrell include which of the following?

A

Omphalocele, ectopic heart, distal sternum defect, diaphragmatic hernia, and pericardium defect

28
Q

The normal embryologic herniation of the bowel permits which one of the following?

A

Development of the intraabdominal organs

29
Q

The most dramatic finding in ectopia cordis is which one of the following?

A

Heart outside of the thoracic cavity

30
Q

The herniation of an omphalocele is covered by a membrane that consists of the __________ and __________.

A

Amnion and peritoneum

31
Q

A fetus with partial situs inversus demonstrates which of the following abnormalities?

A

Stomach is on the right, and the heart is on the left.

32
Q

In a transverse image, evidence of the “double bubble” sign in a fetus with trisomy 21 represents which one of the following conditions?

A

Duodenal atresia

33
Q

A cystic growth of the common bile duct is ______________.

A

Choledochal cyst

34
Q

Haustral folds can be found within which one of the following structures?

A

Colon

35
Q

A remnant of the proximal part of the yolk stalk is which one of the following?

A

Meckel diverticulum

36
Q

Which one of the following statements about the fetal liver is incorrect?

A

The right lobe is larger than the left lobe.

37
Q

A complex disorder of the bowel and genitourinary tract is called which one of the following abnormalities?

A

Anorectal atresia

38
Q

Which one of the following describes complete situs inversus?

A

Heart is on the right, the liver is on the left, and the spleen is on the right.

39
Q

VACTERL is a group of anomalies associated with which one of the following?

A

Esophageal atresia for E

40
Q

A transposition of the liver and stomach, an absence of the gallbladder, multiple spleens, and a disruption of the inferior vena cava describes which one of the following conditions?

A

Polysplenia

41
Q

Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome includes all of the following ?

A

Omphalocele
Macroglossia
Organomegaly

42
Q

which of the following signs are characteristic of arnold-chiari malformation ?

A

banana and lemon shape

43
Q

the absent of the cavum septum pellucidium is distinguishing characteristic of which one of the following fetal anormalities?

A

schizancephay

44
Q

ventriculomegaly is defined as lateralventricular enlargement measuring greater than ___ ?

A

10 mm

45
Q

which of the following abnormalities is the MOST common open neural tube defect?

A

anencephaly

46
Q

which one of the following fetal head anomalies is characterized by the presence of a single primitive ventricle?

A

holoprocencephaly

47
Q

a form of holoprosencephaly characterized by a commonventricle, hypotalorism, and a nose with a single nostril is which one of the following ?

A

cebocephaly

DMS 223 (5 decks)

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