Chapter 62 and 63

Question 1

beckwith-wiedemann syndrome

Answer 1

A rare group disorder having in common the coexistence of an omphalocele, macroglossia, visceromegaly

Question 2

Amniotic band syndrome:

Answer 2

Is a rupture of the amnion, which leads to entrapment or entanglement of the fetal parts by the “sticky” chorion.

early entrapment may lead to severe craniofacial defects and internal malformation

Question 3

gastroschisis

Answer 3

1. always locate on rt. of umbilicus
2. opening in the layer of the abdominal wall with herniation of the bowel and infrequently stomach/genitourinary organs- rarely liver

Question 4

Haustral folds:

Answer 4

Part of the colon; helps to differentiate it from the small bowel.

Question 5

Pentalogy of Cantrell

Answer 5

Rare and associated of a cleft distal sternum, diaphragmatic defect, midline anterior ventral, wall defect, pericardial defect, ectopic heart

Question 6

Pentalogy of Cantrell is associated with which trisomies ?

Answer 6

13,18, 45, and turner’s syndrome

Question 7

herniated loops of bowel normally return and rotate into position within the abdominal cavity by?

Answer 7

12th week

Question 8

A FETUS WITH PARTIAL SITUS INVERSUS DEMONSTRATES THE:

Answer 8

STOMACH ON THE RIGHT, HEART ON THE LEFT

Question 9

IN A TRANSVERSE IMAGE, EVIDENCE OF A DOUBLE BUBBLE IN A FETUS WITH TRISOMY 21 REPRESENTS

Answer 9

DUODENAL ATRESIA

Question 10

A CYSTIC GROWTH OF THE COMMON BILE DUCT IS:

Answer 10

A CHOLEDOCHAL CYST

Question 11

A REMNANT OF THE PROXIMAL PART OF THE YOLK STALK IS:

Answer 11

MECKEL’S DIVERTICULUM

Question 12

THE DISTINCTION OF THE LARGE BOWEL FROM THE SMALL BOWEL IS POSSIBLE AS EARLY AS:

Answer 12

20 weeks

Question 13

An anomaly with large cranial defects, facial cleft, large body-wall defects, and limb abnormalities is called which one of the following?

Answer 13

Limb-body wall complex

Question 14

If omphalocele and scoliosis are found in the fetus, which one of the following conditions should be considered?

Answer 14

Limb-body wall complex

Question 15

The sonographer may be able to detect gastroschisis after

Answer 15

12 weeks

Question 16

Fetuses with an omphalocele that contains only a bowel have a higher risk for?

Answer 16

chromosomal abnormalities

Question 17

The herniation of an omphalocele is covered by a membrane that consists of the ____ and ____.

Answer 17

Amnion and peritoneum

Question 18

a defect in the lower abdominal wall and anterior wall of the urinary bladder.

Answer 18

Bladder exstrophy

Question 19

Cloacal exstrophy

Answer 19

1. occurs early in development with involvement of the primitive gut and persistent cloaca. rare and more complex
2. affects the lower abdominal wall structures of infants In utero

Question 20

Anomalies most frequently associated with ectopia cordis include?

Answer 20

omphalocele, cardiovascular malformations, and craniofacial defects.

Question 21

duodenal stenosis

Answer 21

Narrowing

Question 22

Duodenal atresia

Answer 22

Blockage of duodenal lumen

Question 23

Which one of the following malformations of the midgut is most common?

Answer 23

Meckel diverticulum

Question 24

Small-bowel disorder marked by the presence of thick meconium in the distal ileum is?

Answer 24

meconium Ileus

Question 25

VACTERL is a group of anomalies associated with which one of the following?

Answer 25

Esophageal atresia

Question 26

Oligohydramnios

Answer 26

Swallowing disorder

Question 27

IMA supply 1/3 or 2/3 of the colon?

Answer 27

1/3

Question 28

SMA supply 1/4 or 2/3 of the colon?

Answer 28

2/3

Question 29

what are the most common types of abdominal wall defects?

Answer 29

gastroschisis
omphalocele
umbilical hernia

Question 30

atresia means?

Answer 30

not formed

Question 31

meckel’s diverticulum is?

Answer 31

1. most common malformation of midgut

2. prox. part of yolk stalk that fails to degenerate and disappear during early fetal period.

Question 32

most fetuses older than _______ weeks should have fluid in their stomach.

Answer 32

14 to 16 weeks

Question 33

most common anomalies with esopageal atresia are?

Answer 33

anorectal atresia and VACTERL

Question 34

30 % of fetuses with ____ have trisomy 21 ( down syndrome).

Answer 34

duodenal atresia

Question 35

most cases of meconium ileus occur in newborns with____?

Answer 35

cystic fibrosis.

Question 36

meconium ileus is?

Answer 36

A small-bowel disorder marked by presence of thick meconium in distal ileum

Question 37

sonographic findings of calcification seen on peritoneal surface or in scrotum vis processus vaginalis comes from?

Answer 37

mecoium peritonitis

Question 38

A sonolucent band identified near the fetal anterior abdominal wall represents which one of the following?

Answer 38

Pseudoascites

Question 39

Pentalogy of Cantrell (POC) is composed of two major abnormalities, they are?

Answer 39

ectopia cordis and a midline thoracoabdominal wall defect.