Parvoviridae

Question 0

Replication and site of inclusion bodies for parvo?

Answer 0

Replication and large IBs in the NUCLEUS

Question 1

Name the two viruses that are non enveloped, ssDNA, and are small as hell

Answer 1

Parvoviridae and Circoviridae

Question 2

T/F: Parvovirus can replicate in stationary cells

Answer 2

False. Parvo CANNOT replicate in stationary cells as it relies on actively dividing cells

Question 3

T/F: Feline panleukopenia is AKA Feline distemper or feline infectious enteritis

Answer 3

True.

Etiology: Feline parvovirus. Highly contageous, often fatal dz of cats; severe in kittens

Question 4

T/F: Cats can shed the virus in their urine/feces for a max of 6 weeks after recovery

Answer 4

True.

Question 5

3 Transmissions of feline panleukopenia are

Answer 5

• oro-nasally by exposure to infected animals (feces, secretions, fomites)
• in utero transmission
• mechanical by flies

Question 6

The hallmark of Feline panleukopenia is

Answer 6

destruction of all WBC elements

Question 7

Incubation of FPV?

Answer 7

2-10 days

most common in kittens 3-5 months old

Question 8

Clinical signs of FPV?

Answer 8

fever, depression, anorexia, vomiting, profuse, persistent and frequent bloody diarrhea, DIC, dehydration

Question 9

How do you detect FPV?

Answer 9

• fecal viral antigen testing using immunochromatographic test kid
• ELISA
• Hemagglutination

Question 10

prego cats, sick cats, kittens <4weeks, immunosuppressed cats should not be given this type of vaccine for FPV

Answer 10

Attenuated (modified) live vaccine (MLV)

Question 11

This is one of the most common infectious dz of dogs

Answer 11

Canine parvovirus 2 (CPV-2)

Question 12

T/F: CPV-2 is highly contagious and very stable in environment

Answer 12

True.

Resistant to many detergents/disinfectants
can persist indoors @ room temp for at least 2 months.

Question 13

Modes of transmission of Canine Parvovirus 2

Answer 13

• oro-nasal to contaminated feces
• in utero
• contact w/ contaminated fomites

Question 14

canine parvovirus 2 leads to

Answer 14

Enteritis, myocarditis, panleukopenia and cerebellar hypoplasia

*Similar to FPV

Question 15

T/F: antibody detection (seriology) is the best method to test canine parvo

Answer 15

False. Not the best method b/c most dogs are vaccinated or have been previously exposed to CPV.

Nucleic acid detection using PCR is better

Question 16

In pregnant dogs or colostrum deprived pups, what type of vaccine is best?

Answer 16

inactivated is best (b/c of potential damage to myocardial or cerebellar cells)

Question 17

What is oseltamivir (Tamiflu) used for?

Answer 17

Tx of canine parvoviral enteritis

Question 18

What the hell is SMEDI?

Answer 18

Still birth
Mummification
Embryonic Death
Infertility

Question 19

What does porcine parvo cause?

Answer 19

reproductive failure in swine throughout the world

Question 20

Transmission of pig parvo?

Answer 20

• Oronasal in non immune prego sow
• transplacental transmission
• Venereal transmission possible (boars shed virus in semen)

Question 21

How long does it take for the maternal infection of porcine parvo to reach the fetus? What is so special about the transplacental infection?

Answer 21

15 days :(

• Because each fetus has a separate placenta, not all are infected at the same time*
• hence death at different stages of pregnancy is typical of PPV infections

Question 22

What is the hallmark of PPV?

Answer 22

Increase in mummified fetuses after a normal gestation period

Question 23

T/F: abortions are common in PPV

Answer 23

False! Abortions are uncommon!

Question 24

Will a late fetus (> 70 days to term) survive PPV?

Answer 24

frequently develop lesions but also mount an immune response usually survive in utero

Hooray! Save the pigs!

Question 25

T/F: ebryo/fetus (<30 days) infected w/ PPV dies, is reabsorbed and the dam may return to estrus

Answer 25

True

Question 26

T/F: Like most parvoviruses, PPV can cause persistent infection with constant shedding of virus.

Answer 26

False! UNLIKE most parvoviruses, PPV can cause persistent infection w/ PERIODICAL shedding of a virus