Parts of the cell Flashcards
cell’s information center; contains most of the cell’s genes
nucleus
nuclear lamina; gives the nucleus its shape
nuclear matrix
semiliquid substance within the nucleus
nucleoplasm
holds the generic material DNA; condenses to form chromosomes
chromatin
responsible for synthesizing and assembling some of the RNA and protein components needed to form the ribosomes
nucleolus
biosynthetic factory
endoplasmic reticulum
studded with ribosomes
rough ER
has no role in protein synthesis; no ribosomes
smooth ER
shipping and receiving center; consists of a stack of flattened vesicles known as cisternae
golgi apparatus
membrane-bound sacs that function in storage and transport; integral part of a cell’s endomembrane system
vesicles
vesicles from ER to Golgi Apparatus
transport vesicles
vesicles from Golgi Apparatus to Plasma Membrane
secretory vesicles
digest excess or worn-out and damaged organelles and other intracellular structures no longer needed by the cell
lysosomes
the cell’s boundary; encloses the content of the cells
plasma membrane
site of cellular respiration; acts as a cell within a cell
mitochondria
some of the organelles (mitochondria and chloroplast) in eukaryotic cells were once prokaryotic microbes
endosymbiotic theory
site of photosynthesis in plants
chloroplast
membranous sacs in the inner membrane of chloroplast
thylakoid
the internal fluid in the inner membrane of chloroplast
stroma
pigment containing plastids responsible for the coloration of flowers, fruits, and other plant
chromoplast
plastids that are specialized for the storage of starch
amyloplast
maintains the turgor pressure that keeps tissue from wilting
central vacuole
