Parts & Functions of the Cell

Question 1

What are the 3 basic parts of a cells?

Answer 1

Plasma membrane
Cytoplasm
Nucleus

Question 2

Membrane composed of phospholipids, cholesterol, proteins that encloses cell contents outer limiting membrane.

Answer 2

Plasma membrane

Question 3

What is the intracellular fluid containing organelles?

Answer 3

Cytoplasm

Question 4

What is the control center of the cell, contains genetic material?

Answer 4

Nucleus

Question 5

Rodlike, double-membrane structures, inner membrane fold into projections called christae; site of ATP synthesis; powerhouse of the cell

Answer 5

Mitochondria

Question 6

Dot like particles composed of ribosomal RNA and protein. Free or attached to the rough ER. They are the sites of protein synthesis

Answer 6

Ribosomes

Question 7

Membranous system enclosing a cavity, the cistern, and coiling through the cytoplasm. Externally studded with robosomes. Sugar groups are attached to proteins within the cisterns. Proteins are bound vesicles for transport to the Golgi apparatus and other sites. External face synthesizes phospholipids

Answer 7

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 8

Membranous system of sacs and tubules, smooth and free of ribosomes. A stack of flattened membranes and associated vesicles close to the nucleus. Site of lipid and steriod synthesis, lipid metabolism, and drug detox.

Answer 8

Smooth ER

Question 9

A stack of flattened membranes and associated vesicles close to the nucleus. Packages, modifies, and segregates proteins from the cell, inclusion in lysosomes, and incorporation into the plasma membrane

Answer 9

Golgi Apparatus

Question 10

Membranous sacs of catalase and oxidase enzyme The enzymes detox a number of toxic substances. The most important enzyme, catalase, breaks down hydrogen peroxide

Answer 10

Perioxomes

Question 11

Membranous sacs containing acid hydrolases. Sites of intracellular digestion

Answer 11

Lysosomes

Question 12

Cylindrical structures made of tubulin porteins. These support the cell and give it shape. Involved in intracellular and cellular movements.

Answer 12

Microtubules

Question 13

Fine filaments composed of the protein actin. Involved in muscle contraction and other types of intracellular movements. Helps form the cell’s cytoskeleton

Answer 13

Microfilaments

Question 14

Protein fibers, composition varies. The stable cytoskeleton elements; resist mechanical forces acting on the cell.

Answer 14

Intermediate microfilaments.

Question 15

Paired cylindrical bodies, each composed of nine triplets of microtubules. During mitosis, forms the spindles and asters.

Answer 15

Centrioles

Question 16

Double membrane structure pierced by pores. Outer membrane continuous with the ER. Separates the nucleoplasm from the cytoplasm and regulates passage of substances to and from the nucleus.

Answer 16

Nuclear envelope

Question 17

Dense shperical body composed of ribosomal RNA proteins. Site of ribosome subunit manufacture.

Answer 17

Nucleolus

Question 18

Granular, threadlike material composed of DNA and histone proteins. The DNA constitues genes

Answer 18

Chromatin.

Question 19

Membrane made of a layer of phospholipids and cholesterol within which proteins are embedded. Serves as an external cell barrier, and acts on transport of substances in and out of the cell.

Answer 19

Cell membrane