Particulate nature of matter Flashcards
What is the jerky motion of particles?
Brownian motion
How is the jerky motion of the particles caused?
By the uneven bombardment of the particles by the invisible molecules in air of water
What is the attractive force between particles in a solid?
Very strong
What is the attractive force between particles in a liquid?
Strong
What is the attractive force between particles in a gas?
Very weak
What is the arrangement of particles in a solid?
In an orderly manner
What is the arrangement of particles in a liquid?
In a disorderly manner
What is the arrangement of particles in a gas?
In a disorderly manner
What is the space between particles in a solid?
Very closely packed together
What is the space between particles in a liquid?
Closely packed together
What is the space between particles in a gas?
Far apart
What is the motion of particle in a solid?
Can only vibrate about their fixed positions
What is the motion of particle in a liquid?
Move randomly and slide past one another within a confined space
What is the motion of particle in a gas?
Move randomly and quickly in all directions
What are all the physical properties of solids?
-Has a fixed shape
-Has a fixed volume
-Cannot be compressed easily
-Has high densities
-Expansion during heating
-Contraction during cooling
Why does solids have a fixed shape?
The particles are arranged in an orderly manner which makes the solid have a fixed shape
Why does solids have a fixed volume?
The particles can only vibrate about their fixed positions.
Why can’t solids be compressed easily?
The particles are closely packed together, so there are limited spaces to push them closer to one another.
Why do solids have high densities?
The particles are closely packed together, so the mass per volume ratio is relatively high.
What are all the physical properties of liquids?
-Has no fixed shape
-Has a fixed volume
-Cannot be compressed easily
-Take the shape of the container its in
-Expansion during heating
-Contraction during cooling
Why do liquids not have a fixed shape?
The particles have a disorderly arrangement. This causes the liquid to not have a fixed shape.
Why do liquids take the shape of the container it is in?
the particles in a liquid can move randomly and slide past one another, thus being able to move to fill the available space in the container.
Why do liquids have a fixed volume?
There are strong attractive forces between the particles, so they can only move randomly within a confined space
Why can’t liquids be compressed easily?
The particles are quite closely packed, so there are limted spaces to push them closer to one another.
What are all the physical properties in a gas?
-has no fixed shape
-Take the shape of the container it is in
-has no fixed volume
-Can be compressed easily
-Can diffuse easily
-Expansion during heating
-Contraction during cooling
Why does gas have no fixed shape?
the particles have a disorderly arrangement. This causes the gas to not have a fixed shape.
Why does gas take the shape of the container it’s in?
The particles in a gas can move randomly and quickly, thus they are able to fill the available space in the container, This makes the gas take the shape of the container it’s in.
Why does gas not have a fixed volume?
The attractive force between the particles in a gas is very weak, so they
Why can gas be compressed easily?
The particles in a gas are far apart, so there are more spaces between them. As a result, they can be pushed closer to one another easily
Why can gas be diffused easily?
The attractive force between particles is very weak, so they can move randomly and quickly in all directions.
What is diffusion?
Diffusion is the net movement of substances where it moves from a higher region to a lower region
What is melting?
A process which a solid changes into a liquid
What is boiling?
A process which a liquid changes into a gas
What is condensation?
A process which a gas changes into a liquid
What is freezing?
What is evaporation?
A process which a liquid changes into a gas
What is sublimation?
What is deposition?
