Atoms and molecules Flashcards
What is an element?
-It is the basic building block of matter
-It cannot be broken down to simpler subtances
What is an atom?
-It is the smallest particle of an element that can exist
-Atoms are made of subatomic particles: protons, neutrons and electrons.
-Protons and neutrons are packed densely to make up the nucleus
-Collectivity, protons and neutrons are known as nucleon
-Electrons move freely around the nucleus indefinite paths
What are the subatomic particles in an atom?
Proton
Neutron
Electron
Where are the subatomic particles found in an atom?
Proton: Nucleus
Neutrons: Nucleus
Electrons: Orbiting outside the nucleus
What is the charges for each subatomic particle?
Proton: +1
Neutron: 0
Electron: -1
Why is an atom electrically neutral?
Because it contains an equal number of protons and electrons and has no net charge
What is an ion?
When an atom is not electrically neutral due to losing or gaining an electron
Cation are usually metal/non-metals?
metals
anion are usually metal/non-metals?
non-metals
What is the nucleon number? (or mass number)
The sum of protons and neutrons in an atom
What are the different types of ions and how is it obtained?
Cation: loss of electron
anion: Gain of electron
What is the nucleon number (mass number)?
It is the sum of protons and neutrons
What is the proton number?
The number of protons in an atom
What does the upper-left side of the nuclide notation stands for?
The nucleon number (mass number)
What does the bottom-left side of the nuclide notation stands for?
The proton number
What does the right side of the nuclide notation stands for?
The symbol for the element
What are isotopes?
Atoms of the same element with the same amount of protons but different number of neutrons
