Particles That Substances Are Made Up Of

Question 1

Molecular substance

1. Structural particle
2. Bonding of forces between particles
3. Common properties
4. Example

Answer 1

1. Molecule (atoms of noble gases)
2. Weak intermolecular attraction forces
3. • soft
     - low melting point
     - non conductors of heat and electricity
4. I2, CO2, Ne

Question 2

Covalent network structure:

1. Structural particle
2. Bonding of forces between particles
3. Common properties
4. Example

Answer 2

1. Atoms
2. Covalent compounds
3. • very hard
     - high melting points
     - non conductors of heat and electricity (except graphite)
4. C (diamond and graphite), SiO2

Question 3

Ionic substance:

1. Structural particle
2. Bonding of forces between particles
3. Common properties
4. Example

Answer 3

1. Positive and negative ions
2. Ionic bonding
3. • hard, brittle
     - moderate to high melting points
     - non conductors of electricity in solid phase
     - do conduct electricity when dissolved in melted phase
4. NaCl, CuSO4

Question 4

Metal

1. Structural particle
2. Bonding of forces between particles
3. Common properties
4. Example

Answer 4

1. Positive metal ions and sea of delocalised electrons
2. Metallic bonds
3. • high gloss
     - soft to very hard
     - flexible and malleable
     - conducts heat and electricity in solid and liquid phase

Question 5

Definition: covalent molecular structures

Answer 5

Crystal lattice that consists of separate molecules

Question 6

Definition: covalent network structures

Answer 6

Crystal lattice that consists of giant repeating lattices of covalently bonded atoms