Particle Model And Part 1 Of States Of Matter Flashcards
All substances are made out of particles. What do the properties of the substance depend on?
It depends on what the particles are like, how they move and how they’re arranged
Do particles have the same properties as their substances? Explain
No, particles can have certain properties when their altogether in a substance, but when particles are on they’re own, they won’t have those particles
Give an example to explain how particles don’t have the same properties as their substances
A gold ring is yellow and solid at room temp. An individual particle won’t be solid nor yellow. It can only have those properties with other particles
What are the three states of matter?
Solid, liquid and gas
What does the state of a substance at a CERTAIN TEMPERATURE depend on?
How strong the force of attraction between particles of the material are
What do how strong forces of attraction are depend on? (hint: three things)
– the material (structure of the substance and type of bonds holing particles together)
– the temperature
– the pressure
When we say particles what could we be referring to? (hint: three things)
– molecule
– ion
– atom
In a solid, what are the forces of attraction like and what does that mean for its arrangement?
Solids have strong forces of attraction between particles, which holds them close together in a fixed position so they have a very regular, lattice, organised arrangement
Why can’t solids be compressed or changed?
Solid particles don’t tend to move from their positions so all solids keep a definite shape and volume
Can solid particles move in place?
Yes, they can vibrate about in their positions
What are solids like when heated?
The hotter a solid gets, the faster it vibrates so when heated a solid will expand slightly
What the forces of attraction like in a liquid and how does this affect their arrangement?
In a liquid, there is a weaker force of attraction between particles. This means they’re randomly arranged and free to move past each other, however they tend to stay close to each other
Why would a liquid tend to flow to fill the bottom of a container?
They have a definite volume ,but won’t keep a definite shape so will take the shape of what it’s placed in
Do liquid particles move in place?
Yes, they’re constantly moving it’s a random motion.
What is a liquid like when heated?
The hotter a liquid gets, the faster they mov. So when heated the liquid will expand
What’s the force of attraction for gases and how does this affect its arrangement?
Forces of attraction in a gas is very weak so they’re free to move and are far apart. Particles in a gas will travel in straight lines though
Gases will always fill a container. Why?
They have no definite volume or shape
How do particles of gas move?
They move constantly in a random motion
What are gas particles like when heated?
The hotter gas particles get, the faster they move. So when heated, gas will either expand or the gas pressure would increase
Why is the particle model not that perfect?
Model doesn’t show the forces between particles so we don’t know how strong they are. They also show particles as spheres when really they’re ions, atoms or molecules.
