Changes Of State

Question 1

What three things can substances exist in? What will affect what state we find them in?

Answer 1

Solid, liquid and gas. The state we find them in depends on temperature. As temperate goes up, solid goes to liquid to gas.

Question 2

What will happen when a solid is heated?

Answer 2

The particles will gain more energy. This makes the particles vibrate more, which weakens the force holding the solid together

Question 3

What happens when temperature gets the forces holding a solid together to weaken?

Answer 3

The particles have enough energy to break free from their positions.

Question 4

For a solid to turn into a liquid, it has to hit a certain point; what’s it called?

Answer 4

The melting point

Question 5

The change from solid to liquid has a name; what is it?

Answer 5

Melting

Question 6

What happens when a liquid is heated right after it changed state from a solid?

Answer 6

The particles will gain even more energy which makes particles move after and this weakens + breaks the bonds holding the liquid together

Question 7

The change from liquid to gas has a name; what is it?

Answer 7

Boiling/evaporation

Question 8

Boiling can only happen at a certain point in temperature; what’s the point called?

Answer 8

The boiling point

Question 9

What happens when we hit the boiling point?

Answer 9

The bonds holding the liquid together will break and the liquid turns into a gas

Question 10

A gas cannot heat to change to something; so it has to cool; What happens when you cool a gas?

Answer 10

The particles will no longer have enough energy to overcome the forces of attraction between the particles.

Question 11

The process of a gas turning into a liquid has a name; what is it?

Answer 11

Condensing

Question 12

Condensing can only happen at a certain point; what is it called?

Answer 12

The boiling point

Question 13

What happens when a gas hits the boiling point as it cools?

Answer 13

So many bonds will have formed between the gas particles that the gas becomes a liquid

Question 14

What happens when you cool a liquid?

Answer 14

The particles have less energy and will move around less. Therefore there isn’t enough energy to overcome the attraction between particles so more bonds will form between them

Question 15

The change from liquid to solid has a name; what is it?

Answer 15

Solidifying/freezing

Question 16

In order for freezing/solidifying to happen it has to hit a certain point; what’s that called?

Answer 16

The melting point

Question 17

What happens when a liquid hits the melting point as it cools?

Answer 17

So many bonds will have form that the particles will be held together in place. The liquid becomes a solid

Question 18

Sometimes a solid can straight away become a gas and vice versa; what’re the processes called?

Answer 18

Solid to gas is called sublimation and gas to solid is called deposition.

Question 19

What does amount of energy needed changes of state depend on?

Answer 19

How strong the forces of attraction are. The stronger the forces the more energy required to break them, therefore, melting and boiling points of the substances are raised.