Changes Of State Flashcards
What three things can substances exist in? What will affect what state we find them in?
Solid, liquid and gas. The state we find them in depends on temperature. As temperate goes up, solid goes to liquid to gas.
What will happen when a solid is heated?
The particles will gain more energy. This makes the particles vibrate more, which weakens the force holding the solid together
What happens when temperature gets the forces holding a solid together to weaken?
The particles have enough energy to break free from their positions.
For a solid to turn into a liquid, it has to hit a certain point; what’s it called?
The melting point
The change from solid to liquid has a name; what is it?
Melting
What happens when a liquid is heated right after it changed state from a solid?
The particles will gain even more energy which makes particles move after and this weakens + breaks the bonds holding the liquid together
The change from liquid to gas has a name; what is it?
Boiling/evaporation
Boiling can only happen at a certain point in temperature; what’s the point called?
The boiling point
What happens when we hit the boiling point?
The bonds holding the liquid together will break and the liquid turns into a gas
A gas cannot heat to change to something; so it has to cool; What happens when you cool a gas?
The particles will no longer have enough energy to overcome the forces of attraction between the particles.
The process of a gas turning into a liquid has a name; what is it?
Condensing
Condensing can only happen at a certain point; what is it called?
The boiling point
What happens when a gas hits the boiling point as it cools?
So many bonds will have formed between the gas particles that the gas becomes a liquid
What happens when you cool a liquid?
The particles have less energy and will move around less. Therefore there isn’t enough energy to overcome the attraction between particles so more bonds will form between them
The change from liquid to solid has a name; what is it?
Solidifying/freezing
In order for freezing/solidifying to happen it has to hit a certain point; what’s that called?
The melting point
What happens when a liquid hits the melting point as it cools?
So many bonds will have form that the particles will be held together in place. The liquid becomes a solid
Sometimes a solid can straight away become a gas and vice versa; what’re the processes called?
Solid to gas is called sublimation and gas to solid is called deposition.
What does amount of energy needed changes of state depend on?
How strong the forces of attraction are. The stronger the forces the more energy required to break them, therefore, melting and boiling points of the substances are raised.
