Expansion And Contraction In Chemistry Flashcards
What conditions does a substance/object need to go through to expand?
When you heat a substance/object up, it’ll expand (increase in size)
What conditions does a substance/object need to go through to expand?
When you cool down a substance/object, it’ll contract (decrease in size)
True or false: as you expand/contract a substance/object, their particles will increase/decrease in direct proportion
False: that’s a misconception, particles will stay the same no matter what’s being done to it
What happens to a solid as it’s heated up?
As solids are heated, their particles will start to vibrate and they progressively move further away from each other (very slowly and slightly though)
What happens to a solid as it’s cooled down?
The particles will vibrate less due to a lack of energy that should be provided by heat. They’ll slowly start getting slightly closer together
What happens to a liquid as it’s heated up!
As a liquid is heated, their particles start to move around more and get slightly further apart as they do- hence expansion
What happens as you cool a liquid down?
Their particles will slowly stop moving around so much and will begin getting closer together (only slightly though)
What happens when you heat a gas up? What’s so different in structure for gas when it expands compared to liquid and gas?
As they heat up, particles will get slightly further apart as particles move around (they weren’t particularly close to begin with though and liquids and solids were)
What happens as you cool a gas down?
As a gas cools down the particles will move around less and slowly get closer together. It’ll also consequently cause a decrease in gas pressure
How does the practical of the ball and the ring prove that expansion and contraction works?
The ball starts off as unable to fit through the ring as it’s too big. If we cool it down, the ball will contract and will fit through the ring. If you place it above a Bunsen burner after that, it’ll expand and return to original size and can’t fit into the ring again
How does the ball in the ball and ring practical expand and contract with temperature control?
As you heat the ball up, the particles will move around more as it’s given more energy. Because of that, the particles in the ball will move slightly further apart. As you cool the ball down, particles move less and the particles get slightly closer together
How does the simple thermometer practical work in proving expansion and contraction?
There is a beaker filled with warm water, with a measured water level length to be about 3.3 cm cubed. It is then placed in a larger beaker of boiling water and the water level starts increasing instantly, with the final measure level to be 11.8 cm cubed. This is because of expansion
The water level in the thermometer practical increases rapidly towards the beginning and lows towards the end. How does the water level increase in terms of particles in the thermometer practical and why does it slow as the end?
At the beginning, the water is in the process of heating up. As you heat the liquid, the particles in it will move around more and get further apart (slowly and slightly). As you near the end, the boiling water’s temperature will have cooled down, though only slightly, so the speed of the increase slows.
