Part One Extras—Roman Civilization Flashcards
1
Q
When did the monarchy begin?
A
April 21, 753 BC
2
Q
When did the monarchy end?
A
510 BC
3
Q
How many Roman kings were there?
A
seven
4
Q
Who was the first king of Rome?
A
Romulus
5
Q
Who was the father of Romulus
A
Mars
6
Q
Who was the mother of Romulus
A
Rhea Silvia
7
Q
Who was the brother of Romulus?
A
Remus
8
Q
Who were Romulus and Remus raised by?
A
Faustulus the shepard
9
Q
Who was the wife of Faustulus?
A
Acca Laurentia
10
Q
Who was the grandfather of Romulus?
A
Numitor
11
Q
Where did Romulus go to help his grandfather get his throne back?
A
Alba Longa
12
Q
Who took the throne from Numitor?
A
Amulius
13
Q
On which hill did Romulus build a city?
A
Palatine
14
Q
On which hill did Remus build a city?
A
Aventine
15
Q
Who was Romulus’s wife?
A
Hersilia
16
Q
Who did Romulus co-rule with?
A
Titus Tatius
17
Q
Where was Titus Tatius from?
A
Sabinia
18
Q
What was Romulus called after death?
A
Quirinus
19
Q
Who was the second king of Rome?
A
Numa Pompilius
20
Q
Which king invented the calendar?
A
Numa Pompilius
21
Q
Which king established religion?
A
Numa Pompilius
22
Q
Who was the consort of Numa Pompilius?
A
Egeria
23
Q
What was unique about Egeria?
A
a nymph
24
Q
Who was the third king of Rome?
A
Tullus Hostilius
25
What city did Tullus Hostilius destroy?
Alba Longa
26
Who was the king of Alba Longa when it was destroyed?
Mettius Fufetius
27
What two sets of triplets fought during the reign of Tullus Hostilius?
The Roman Horatii triplets and the Alban Curiatii triplets
28
Which king built the Curia?
Tullus Hostilius
29
Who was the fourth king of Rome?
Ancus Marcius
30
Which king was said to have build the Pons Sublicius?
Ancus Marcius
31
What was the first bridge across the Tiber river?
Pons Sublicius
32
Who was the fifth king of Rome?
Tarquinius Priscus
33
What does "Priscus" mean in Tarquinius Priscus's name?
The Elder
34
Who was the wife of Tarquinius Priscus?
Tanaquil
35
Which king is said to have drained the Forum and begun work on the Circus Maximus?
Tarquinius Priscus
36
Who was the sixth king of Rome?
Servius Tullius
37
Which king was supposedly born a slave?
Servius Tullius
38
Which king built the Servian wall?
Servius Tullius
39
Who killed Servius Tullius?
his daughter Tullia and Superbus, her husband
40
Who was the seventh king of Rome?
Tarquinius Superbus
41
Which king of Rome was also known as, "The Proud"?
Tarquinius Superbus
42
Which king of Rome built the Cloaca Maxima?
Tarquinius Superbus
43
When did the Republic begin?
509 BC
44
When did the Republic end?
27 BC
45
Who were the first two consuls of the republic?
Lucius Junius Brutus and Collatinus
46
What is the name of Collatinus's wife who was raped by Tarquinius's son, told the consuls, and then killed herself?
Lucretia
47
With whom did Tarquinius Superbus seek help after beign chased out of Rome?
The Etruscans
48
What is the name of the Etruscan king who fought the Romans in the early republic?
Lars Porsenna
49
What was the capital city of Etruria during the early republic?
Clusium
50
What man fought Etruscans at Sublician Bridge (Pons Sublicius)?
Horatius Cocles
51
What was Horatius Cocles also known as?
One-Eyed
52
What man tried to kill Porsenna, was captured, then thrust his right arm into a fire to prove his bravery, and was released because of this?
Gaius Mucius Scaevola
53
What nickname was given to Gaius Mucius Scaevola?
Lefty
54
What Roman girl held by Porsenna swam the Tiber to get back to Rome?
Cloelia
55
Who defeated the Volscian city of Corioli, was exiled from Rome, and then attacked Rome,but was only stopped by the pleas of his mother and wife?
Coriolanus
56
Who was the wife of Coriolanus?
Volumnia
57
Who was the mother of Coriolanus?
Veturia
58
Who was dictator in 458 BC?
Cincinnatus
59
For how many days was Cincinnatus dictator?
16
60
Who and where did Cincinnatus fight?
Aequi at Mount Algidus
61
What was the name of the laws codified by the decemviri?
12 Tables
62
Between what years were the 12 Tables written?
451 BC - 450 BC
63
Who led the decemviri?
Appius Claudius
64
Who defeated the Veii, was later exiled, then finally,when he helped rid Rome of Gauls, was called pater patriae?
Camillus
65
What major event occurred in 390 BC?
Gauls beat Rome at Allia River
66
Who was the Gallic chief at Allia River in 390 BC?
Brennus
67
What famous quote did Brennus say, and what does it translate to in English?
Vae Victis - "Woe to the conquered"
68
Name two notable Roman defeats during the 2nd Samnite War, and give the years they occurred.
Caudine Forks (321 BC) and Lautulae (315 BC)
69
What occurred in 312 BC?
Appius Claudius Caecus built the Appian Way and Aqua Appia
70
What was significant about Appius Claudius Caecus?
he was blind
71
What man in an act of devotion charged between his cavalry and the Gauls to his death?
Decius Mus
72
At what battle during what year did Decius Mus fight?
Battle of Sentinum in 295 BC
73
What man was the first to fight Rome with elephants?
Pyrrhus
74
Where was Pyrrhus king of?
Epirus (Greece)
75
What battle took place in 280 BC?
Heraclea
76
What Pyrrhic victory took place in 279 BC?
Asculum
77
What battle took place in 275 BC?
Beneventum
78
Who was the unbribable Roman ambassador who Pyrrhus attempted to bribe?
Fabricius
79
When did the First Punic War begin?
264 BC
80
What were Rome and Carthage fighting over?
Messana(Sicily)
81
What was the first battle of the First Punic War?
Battle of Agrigentum
82
When was the Battle of Agrigentum?
262 BC
83
What type of battle was the Battle of Agrigentum?
land battle
84
What occurred between 261 and 260 BC
Rome builds naval fleet
85
When was the Battle of Mylae?
260 BC
86
What was Rome's first naval victory?
Mylae
87
What type of battle was the Battle of Mylae?
naval
88
What battle occurred in 256 BC?
Ecnomus
89
What kind of battle was Ecnomus?
naval victory
90
Who was admiral during the Battle of Mylae?
Dulius
91
Besides a battle, what occurred in 256 BC?
Regulus lands in Africa
92
When was the defeat of Regulus's army?
255 BC
93
What does Rome Capture in 254 BC?
Panormus
94
What occurred in 250 BC?
Romans win at Panormus; siege of Lilybaeum
95
When did the First Punic War end?
241 BC
96
Who's defeat occurred in 249 BC?
Claudius's
97
Where was the naval defeat in 249 BC located?
Drepanum
98
What bad omen foresaw the naval defeat in 249 BC?
Claudius throws sacred chickens overboard
99
What occurred in 247 BC?
Hamilcar Barca starts Carthaginian offensive in western Sicily
100
What battle occurred in 241 BC?
Aegates Island(Roman naval victory)
101
What was Rome's first province?
Sicily
102
What was Rome's second province?
Corsica and Sardinia
103
What occurred in 237 BC?
Hamilcar to Spain
104
What occurred in 230 BC?
Hasdrubal succeeds Hamilcar in Spain
105
What occurred in 221 BC?
Hannibal succeeds Hasdrubal
106
What occurred in 219 BC?
Hannibal besieges Saguntum
107
When does the Second Punic War begin?
218 BC
108
When does the Second Punic War end?
201 BC
109
What battles occur in 218 BC?
Ticinus River and Trebia River(Rome loses both)
110
When was the Battle of Lake Trasimene?
217 BC
111
What was the outcome of the Battle of Lake Trasimene?
Rome lost(compensated with a victory in a naval battle off the Ebro river)
112
What was the worst Roman defeat up until that point?
Battle of Canae
113
When was the Battle of Canae?
216 BC
114
Which consuls died at the Battle of Canae?
Varro and Paulus(Quintus Fabius Maximus Cunctator is made dictator)
115
What occurred in 211 BC?
Hannibal's March on Rome and the defeat of the Scipios in Spain
116
What occurred in 209 BC?
Capture of New Carthage
117
What occurred in 208 BC?
Battle of Baecula
118
When was Hasdrubal defeated?
207 BC
119
Where was Hasdrubal defeated?
Metaurus River
120
What occurred in 206 BC
Battle of Ilipa
121
What occurred in 204 BC?
Scipio lands in Africa
122
When was the Battle of the Great Plains?
203 BC
123
Who beats who in the Battle of the Great Plains?
Scipio beats Syphax
124
Besides the Battle of the Great Plains, what occurred in 203 BC?
Hannibal recalled to Carthage
125
When was the Battle of Zama?
202 BC
126
Who beats who at the Battle of Zama?
Scipio beats Hannibal
127
What occurred in 201 BC?
peace treaty
128
What was the last battle of the Second Punic War?
Zama
129
When did the Third Punic War begin?
149 BC
130
Which most amazing person said what in 149 BC?
Cato the Elder said, "Carthago delenda est" - Carthage must be destroyed
131
When was Carthage captured?
147 BC
132
Who captured Carthage?
Scipio Aemilianus
133
When was Carthage destroyed?
146 BC
134
What battle took place in 168 BC?
Battle of Pydna
135
Who beat who at the battle of Pydna?
Roman Aemilius Paulus defeats Perseus of Macedon
136
Who bequeathed Pergamum to Rome?
King Attalus III
137
What did King Attalus III bequeath to Rome?
Pergamum
138
What year did King Attalus III Pergamum to Rome?
133 BC
139
Who became tribune in 133 BC?
Tiberius Gracchus
140
Who became tribune in 121 BC
Gaius Gracchus
141
Who is the mother of the Gracchi Brothers?
Cornelia
142
What legislation did Tiberius Gracchus attempt to pass?
Agrarian (land) reform
143
What did the Gracchi Brothers' mother call her sons?
her gems (gemmae)
144
The Gracchi brothers are the grandsons of which famous Roman?
Scipio Africanus
145
How many times did Marius serve as consul?
seven
146
Who did Marius defeat at Aqua Sexitae?
Teutones
147
Who did Marius defeat at Vercellae?
Cimbri
148
When and where did Marius fight the Teutones?
Aqua Sextiae in 102 BC
149
When and where did Marius fight the Cimbri?
Vercellae in 101 BC
150
Who were the two leaders during the Civil War?
Marius vs. Sulla
151
Who did Sulla fight for during the Civil War?
optimates
152
Who did Marius fight for during the Civil War?
populares
153
Between what years was Sulla dictator?
81 BC - 79 BC
154
When was the famous slave revolt?
73 BC - 71 BC
155
Who lead the famous slave revolt?
Spartacus
156
Who defeated Spartacus' slave revolt?
Crassus (with a little help from Pompey)
157
Who were consuls in 70 BC?
Crassus and Pompey
158
What law was written in 67 BC?
Lex Gabinia
159
What did the Lex Gabinia do?
gave Pompey command over pirates in the Mediterranean
160
What law was written in 66 BC?
Lex Manilia
161
What did the Lex Manilia do?
gave Pompey command against Mithridates
162
Where was Mithridates king?
Pontus
163
Name the five major events that happened in 63 BC.
1) Octavian born; 2) Julius Caesar becomes Pontifex Maximus; 3) Cicero consul (with Antonius Hybrida); 4) conspiracy of Catiline; 5) Mithridates dies
164
When did the first triumvirate begin and who was in it?
60 BC with Crassus, Pompey, and Caesar
165
When was the second consulship of Crassus and Pompey?
55 BC
166
Who was consul in 52 BC?
Pompey sole consul
167
What event occurred in 52 BC?
Clodius is killed by Milo's followers
168
What law was established in 43 BC?
Lex Titia
169
What did the Lex Titia do?
made the second triumvirate legal
170
Who were in the second triumvirate?
Antony, Octavian, and Lepidus
171
When was the battle of Actium?
31 BC
172
Who fought during the battle of Actium?
Octavian and Agrippa vs. Antony and Cleopatra
173
What was the aftermath of the battle of Actium?
Octavian wins. Octavian has only army in the Mediterranean
174
When was Caesar born?
July 12, 100 BC
175
What year was Caesar elected Pontifex Maximus?
63 BC
176
When did the first triumvirate begin?
60 BC
177
Who was in the first triumvirate?
Caesar, Crassus, and Pomey
178
When was Caesar's first consulship?
59 BC
179
Who was the other consul in Caesar's first consulship?
Bibilus
180
When was Caesar in Gaul and Britain?
58-50 BC
181
When was the Battle of Gergovia?
52 BC
182
Who was the Gaul's chieftain during the Battle of Gergovia?
Vercingetorix
183
Who won the battle of Gergovia?
Vercingetorix
184
When was the Battle of Alesia?
52 BC
185
Who does Caesar defeat at the Battle of Alesia?
Vercingetorix
186
When did Caesar famously cross the Rubicon River?
49 BC
187
What did Caesar say while he famously crossed the Rubicon River, and what does it mean?
Alea iacta est - the die is cast
188
When was Caesar's first dictatorship?
49 BC
189
When was Caesar's second consulship?
48 BC
190
When was Caesar defeated by Pompey?
48 BC
191
Where was Caesar defeated by Pompey?
Dyrrhachium
192
Where does Caesar defeat Pompey?
Pharsalus
193
When does Caesar defeat Pompey?
48 BC
194
Where does Pompey flee to after being defeated?
Egypt, where Pompey is killed by Egyptians
195
When was the Battle of Zela?
47 BC
196
What occurred at the Battle of Zela?
Caesar beat king Pharnaces
197
What famous line came from the Battle of Zela?
veni, vidi, vici
198
What occurred in 46 BC?
Caesar was made dictator for ten years and Caesar won the Battle of Thapsus
199
What occurred in 45 BC?
Caesar defeats the sons of Pompey at Munda(Spain)
200
When was Caesar made dictator for life?
44 BC
201
When was Caesar killed?
March 15, 44 BC(Ides of March)
202
Who killed Caesar?
senators led by Brutus and Cassius
203
When was the second triumvirate?
43 BC
204
What law made the second triumvirate legal?
Lex Titia
205
Who were the members of the second triumvirate?
Marc Antony, Octavian, and Lepidus
206
What occurred in 42 BC?
Antony and Octavian defeat Cassius and Brutus at Philippi
207
On what day does the Empire begin?
January 16, 27 BC
208
What event begins the Empire?
Octavian returns power to the Senate, they name him Augustus
209
What provinces was Augustus given when he began?
Egypt, Gaul, and Syria
210
What was the first set of emperors called?
Julio-Claudian Emperors
211
Who was the first emperor of the Julio-Claudians?
Augustus
212
Who was the second emperor of the Julio-Claudians?
Tiberius
213
Who was the third emperor of the Julio-Claudians?
Caligula
214
Who was the fourth emperor of the Julio-Claudians?
Claudius
215
Who was the fifth emperor of the Julio-Claudians?
Nero
216
When did Augustus' reign begin and end?
27 BC - AD 14
217
When did Tiberius' reign begin and end?
AD 14 - AD 37
218
When did Caligula's reign begin and end?
AD 37 - 41
219
When did Claudius' reign begin and end?
AD 41 - 54
220
When did Nero's reign begin and end?
AD 54 - 68
221
Name two of Augustus' wives?
Scribonia and Livia
222
Who was the daughter of Scribonia and Augustus?
Julia
223
What phrase is used to depict how Augustus ruled?
Found Rome brick and left it marble
224
What was the aftermath of the battle that took place in AD 9?
Varus loses 3 legions in Germany
225
What battle took place in AD 9?
Teutoburg Forest
226
Who did the Romans have to face at Teutoburg Forest?
Arminius
227
What was the other name for Arminius?
Herman the German
228
Who Tiberius the son of?
Livia
229
Who did Tiberius marry?
Augustus' daughter Julia
230
Who was Tiberius the uncle of?
Germanicus
231
Where was Tiberius in exile first to?
Rhodes
232
Where did Tiberius retire later in life?
Capri
233
What does the name "Caligula" mean?
little boots
234
Who is Caligula's father?
Germanicus
235
How was Caligula killed?
Praetorian Guard
236
Who was Claudius' brother?
Germanicus
237
How were Claudius and Caligula related?
Claudius was Caligula's uncle
238
What "defects" did Claudius have?
a limp and a tic and pretended to be stupid
239
How did Claudius obtain the status of emperor?
the Praetorian Guard chose him
240
Name two women that Claudius married.
Messalina and Agrippina the Younger (Claudius' niece)
241
Who did Claudius father with Messalina?
Brittanicus and Octavia
242
Who was the child of Agrippina the Younger?
Nero
243
What was Nero's real name?
Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus
244
How was Nero related to Claudius?
Nero was the step son of Claudius
245
Who did Nero marry?
Claudius' daughter Octavia
246
At what age was Nero made emperor?
around 16
247
Who were Nero's tutors?
Seneca (stoic philosopher) and Burrus (military man)
248
What event occurred in AD 64?
The great fire
249
Who did Nero blame for the great fire?
Christians
250
What did the great fire enable Nero to do?
build the domus aurea (house of gold)
251
Who led the revolt in Britain during Nero's reign?
Queen Boudicca
252
How did Nero die?
He committed suicide
