PART O1 Flashcards
o A knocking in the pipes caused when faucets in the lower levels are shut off abruptly or automatically.
o The force exerted by the decelerating water causes the pipes to shake and rattle.
- Water Hammer
o The flowing back of used, contaminated or polluted water from a plumbing fixture or vessel into a water supply pipe due to a negative pressure in such pipe.
- Back Siphonage
The flow of water or other liquids, ,mixtures, or substances into the distributing pipes of a potable supply of water to a tank, plumbing fixture, or other device and the flood level rim of the receptacle
Backflow
o Pipes expand and contract due to continuous changes in ?
temperature.
should be provided to allow for breathing room.
o An air space
when liquid flowing through the pipe makes contact with the pipe enclosures, thus reducing the speed of water flow.
- Friction Head Loss
o There is ? with longer pipes, small diameter pipes, and a high number of valves of fittings.
greater Friction Head Loss
o Water is obtained through a large intake installed on the lake basin & extended into deep water
o Components - water basin, receiving well, filtration plant
- Direct Pressure Distribution
o Water is taken form a drilled well or underground water
o Involves individual special mechanical equipment
- Indirect Pressure Distribution
o Water is taken form a drilled well or underground water
o Involves individual special mechanical equipment
- Indirect Pressure Distribution
- Parts of the Cold Water Distnbution System (Potable &
Tap)
- Service Pipe
- Water Meter
- Horizontal Supply Main
- Riser
- Fixture Branch
- Controls & Valves
- Storage tanks
o pipe from the street water main or other source of water supply to the building served
- Service Pipe
o device used to measure in liters or gallons the amount of water that passes through the water service
- Water Meter
o the principal water distribution pipe running from the water meter from which the various branches and risers to the fixtures are taken.
- Horizontal Supply Main
o a water supply pipe extending vertically to one full story or more to convey water into pipe branches or plumbing fixtures
- Riser
o the water supply pipe
between the
fixture supply pipe and the water distributing pipe
- Fixture Branch
o used for control, isolation and repair of the water distribution system
- Controls & Valves
o Water is provided by the city water companies using normal pressure from public water main
- Direct Upfeed
o When pressure supplied by city water supply is not strong enough
o Compressed air is used to raise and push water into the system
- Air Pressure System (Pneumatic)
o Water is pumped into a large tank on top of the building and is distributed to the fixtures by means of gravity.
- Downfeed (Overheadfeed) or Gravity System
o With a continuing network of pipes to provide constant circulation of water
o Hot water rises on its own & does not need any pump for circulation
o Hot water is immediately drawn form the fixture any time
o Provided economical circulating return of unused hot water
o Larger pipe is installed at the !QQ of the riser & the diminishing sizes passes through the lower floors of the building
- Upfeed and Gravity Return System
o For a more efficient circulation of hot water to the upper floor levels of multi-storey buildings
- Pump Circuit System
o Water is confined within a system at low temperature (Types of Water Heating Systems)
- Hot Water Space Heating System
o Not a closed system which operate on much higher temperature (Types of Water Heating Systems)
- Hot Water Supply System
o Used for Hot Water Space Heating System (Protection of Hot Water Tank)
- System Relief Valve
o Used for Hot Water Supply System (Protection of Hot Water Tank)
- Temperature & Pressure Relief
o Operates in the same manner as globe valve (disc & seat design)
o Used to make a 90° turn in a line
o Reduces number of joints
- Angle Valve
a.k.a. ‘Retention Valve’
o Located at the lower end of the pumps
o Used mainly to prevent loss of priming of the pumps
- Foot Valve
Used on water systems, heating systems, compressed air lines & other pipe lines with excessive pressure.
- Safety Valve
(Spacing of Sprinkler Heads) Light Hazard Occupancy
20 sqm
(Spacing of Sprinkler Heads) Extra Hazard Occuapncy
10 sqm
used above piping when piping is exposed.
Upright
projects through a finished ceiling when piping is exposed
Pendent
