NOTES NI CHANGE Flashcards
where water is collected
- Source
the process of storing water
- Supply
water is transported into buildings
- Distribution
consumption of water
- Use
used water is gathered
- Collection
collected water is disposed
- Disposal
water is treated and then returned to source (Sewage plant treatment or Natural Purification like rain).
- Treatment
leading to a fixture.
- Supply Pipe –
disposing of used water.
- Drainpipe
Carries water from the source to the supplied building.
- Water supply and water distribution system
Receptacles (receivers) of water to use in the building. Ex. Faucet, Sink, etc.,
- Plumbing fixtures –
The Plumbing Law.
R.A 1378 –
Piping network that disposes waste into the sewage system.
- Drainage system
- General Idea of wells
· Shallow well
· Deep Well
manmade well. around 15 meters deep.
· Dug Well (Shallow Well)
· Bored Well – similar to dug wells but uses an auger to construct. Reaches around 15-40+ meters deep.
· Bored Well –
· Jetted Well – water pressure is used to dig a hole. suitable to areas with soft soil. ideal to use for less noise and constrained spaces.
· Jetted Well
formed through a hollow rod. can reach up to 15 meters.
Driven Well
similar to driven wells but does not use a hollow rod and can reach up to 1000 meters. it is commonly used to dig oil.
· Drilled Wells –
Wells must be ? feet away from septic tanks and livestock feedlots/ leach fields.
100
Wells must be located on
higher ground
The deeper the well, the better
the filtration.
water is sucked into a sealed vacuum with the use of a pump.
Piston pumps
water is drawn in a single motion.
- Single Action (Piston Pump)
water is drawn in double motion.
- Double Action (Piston Pump)
water is drawn inside the chamber and discharged using centrifugal force.
Centrifugal Pumps –
piston pump that acts upon action. it only delivers water when you pump it. Ex. Poso.
- Reciprocating pump
a piston pump that makes use of a pump driver. can discharge 900 to 1200 GPM
- Rotary pump –
a centrifugal pump where you submerge the pump into the water and sucks it.
- Submersible pump –
a centrifugal pump where it is placed on areas to remove excess water.
- Slump pump
a very big centrifugal pump. can discharge 2000 GPM.
- Turbine pump
relies on gravity to distribute water to fixtures.
Overhead Tanks –
built underground and connected with a pump.
Cistern Tanks
uses air pressure to distribute water. often used if the regular pressure from the supply main is not enough. Preferably installed on buildings with 2-3 storeys high.
Pneumatic Water Tanks
belongs in the hot water tanks. it is a small tank with 30-60 diameter circular base reaching 180 cm max length. Woking limit is at 85-150 PSI.
Range Boiler
a large hot water tank. 60-130cm in diameter; 5m max length. 65-100 PSI.
Storage Boiler
to isolate the water distribution from one fixture to another. A valve is anything that controls the distribution of water. The placement of valves must be too visible but also accessible.
Valve
used mainly to completely close or completely open the water line. They do not control the water flow. Placed before the water meter.
- Gate Valve (A.K.A Full-Way Valve)
2 types of Gate Vale:
a. Wedge shape/Tapered disc
b. Double disc Valve
controls the flow of the water with a moveable spindle (knob). one side of the valve is an inlet. Has a bulbous body.
- Globe valve
it prevents reversal of flow (backflow). it has a disc (flapper) that follow the usual flow of the line that prevents an opposite direction to pass.
- Check Valve
4 types of Check Valve:
a. Swing Check Valve
b. Lift Check Valve
c. Vertical Check Valve
d. Horizontal Check Valve
used to make a 90-degree turn in the water line.
- Angle Valve –
used to prevent backflow when the pump is off.
- Foot Valve (A.K.A Retention Valve) –
