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Review Questions for MRI- Carolyn Roth & William Faulkner Jr. > Part C: Data manipulation > Flashcards

Part C: Data manipulation Flashcards

1
Q
  1. the technique whereby a portion of the lines of k-space are ‘sampled’ and ‘filled’ and the remaining lines are interpolated is known as al of the following EXCEPT:
    a. Half Fourier
    b. Partial Fourier
    c. Fractional Fourier
    d. Interleaved acquisition
A

d. Interleaved acquisition

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2
Q
  1. In a 3D acquisition, the slices are produced by:
    a. A phase-encoding gradient applied in the slice selection direction
    b. Multiple 180° pulses along the slice selection direction
    c. Sampling multiple lines of K space per pulse sequence repetition
    d. Very accurate RF pulses
A

a. A phase-encoding gradient applied in the slice selection direction

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3
Q
  1. The scan time for a 3D (or volume) acquisition is given by:
    a. TR x NSA x bandwidth x slice thickness
    b. TR x NSA x number of phase encodings x number of slabs
    c. TR x NSA x number of phase encodings x echo train length
    d. TR x NSA x number of phase encodings x number of slices
A

d. TR x NSA x number of phase encodings x number of slices

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4
Q
  1. One direction in k-space represents phase, while the represents:
    a. Position
    b. Intensity
    c. Contrast
    d. Frequency
A

d. Frequency

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5
Q
  1. With conventional spin echo each ‘line’ of k-space is filled in each:
    a. Frequency- encoding period
    b. TE period
    c. TR period
    d. Excitation period
A

c. TR period

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6
Q
  1. The top portion of k-space is a mirror image of the bottom:
    a. Right
    b. Left
    c. Top
    d. Bottom
A

d. Bottom

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7
Q
  1. Acquiring half of the phase views of k-space and then interpolation the data for the other half is a technique known as:
    a. Zero fill
    b. Fast spin echo
    c. Half Fourier
    d. Power scanning
A

c. Half Fourier

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8
Q
  1. With a fast spine echo sequence utilising an eight echo train length (ETL), the number of lines of k-space filled during each TR will be:
    a. 4
    b. 2
    c. 12
    d. 8
A

d. 8

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9
Q
  1. To create a projection image in MRA, the technique most commonly employed is:
    a. Multiplanar reconstruction
    b. Region of interest calculation
    c. Maximum intensity pixel
    d. Summation pixel projection
A

c. Maximum intensity pixel

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10
Q
  1. To elevate the circle of Willis (COW), 3D TOF MRA sequences are acquired and displayed as an axial view of all of the vasculature. This image is known as:
    a. Multiplanar reconstruction
    b. Segmented image
    c. Minimum intensity pixel
    d. Collapsed Image
A

d. Collapsed Image

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11
Q
  1. To evaluate the circle of Willis (COW). 3D TOF MRA sequences are acquired and background tissue is ‘carved out’ to provide better visualisation of the intracranial vasculature. This step is known as:
    a. Multiplanar reconstruction
    b. Segmenting
    c. Maximum intensity pixel
    d. Collapsed image
A

b. Segmenting

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12
Q
  1. Creating additional images in various planes from a 3D dataset is accomplished by a technique known as:
    a. Multiplanar reformatting
    b. Region of interest calculation
    c. Maximum intensity calculation
    d. Summation pixel projection
A

a. Multiplanar reformatting

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13
Q
  1. In order to produce a high-quality reformatted image, the:
    a. Acquisition voxel should be as rectangular as possible
    b. Patient must hold their breath for the entire scan
    c. Acquisition voxel should be isotropic
    d. Acquisition voxel should be anisotropic
A

c. Acquisition voxel should be isotropic

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14
Q
  1. Collecting the low frequency (high amplitude signal) data points in k-space at the start of the scan (in a rectilinear fashion is known as:
    a. Linear
    b. Centric
    c. Elliptic centric
    d. Reverse centric
A

b. Centric

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15
Q
  1. Collecting the low frequency (high amplitude signal) data points in k-space at the start of the scan (in a spiral fashion) is known as:
    a. Linear
    b. Centric
    c. Elliptic centric
    d. Reverse centric
A

c. Elliptic centric

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16
Q
  1. During dynamic enhanced imaging for vasculature or visceral structures, contrast is administered and k-space is filled with ______ to ensure that the contrast enhancement is well visualised.
    a. Linear
    b. Centric
    c. Elliptic centric
    d. Reverse centric
A

b. Centric

17
Q
  1. The high-frequency (low amplitude) data points in k-space provide:
    a. The bulk of the image’s contrast
    b. The majority of the image’s signal
    c. For a reduced noise contribution
    d. Edge detail (spatial resolution)
A

d. Edge detail (spatial resolution)

18
Q
  1. During contrast-enhanced imaging of the abdominal organs, images are acquired without and with gadolinium (Gd) enhancement. To better visualise contrast enhancement, ___________ can be performed.
    a. Multiplanar reconstruction
    b. Subtraction
    c. Region of interest calculation
    d. Edge detail (spatial resolution)
A

b. Subtraction

19
Q
  1. A 3D dataset can be reconstructed to display ‘what appears to be’ a 3D images of the anatomy. This technique is known as:
    a. Multiplanar reconstruction(MPR)
    b. Region of interest calculation (ROI)
    c. Subtraction
    d. Volume rendering (VR)
A

d. Volume rendering (VR)

20
Q
  1. The evaluation of cardiac function can be provided by any or all of the following EXCEPT:
    a. Cardiac cine
    b. Multiphase imaging
    c. Perfusion imaging
    d. Short axis single slice, single phase
A

d. Short axis single slice, single phase

21
Q
  1. The technique by which signal data transformed from a plot signal intensity over time to a plot signal intensity over frequency is known as:
    a. Fourier transformation
    b. Chemical shift
    c. Parts per million
    d. Volume rendering
A

a. Fourier transformation

22
Q
  1. The technique by which signal data is modified from the ‘time domain’ to the ‘frequency domain’ is known as:
    a. Fourier transformation
    b. Chemical shift
    c. Parts per million
    d. Volume rendering
A

a. Fourier transformation

23
Q
  1. Fourier transformation converts signal data from the FID into the spectrum:
    a. True
    b. False
A

a. True

24
Q
  1. Fourier transformation is performed in the :
    a. Fourier transformer
    b. Array processor
    c. K-spacer
    d. Cardiac gating
A

b. Array processor

25
Q
  1. Cardiac analysis performed with a technique using SAT bands to assess wall motion in known as:
    a. Myocardial tagging
    b. Fourier-chamber imaging
    c. Short-axis imaging
    d. Cardiac gating
A

a. Myocardial tagging

Review Questions for MRI- Carolyn Roth & William Faulkner Jr. (18 decks)

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