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Review Questions for MRI- Carolyn Roth & William Faulkner Jr. > Part B: MRI of the head and neck > Flashcards

Part B: MRI of the head and neck Flashcards

1
Q
  1. Figure B.1 was acquired in the:

a. Axial imaging plane
b. Sagittal imaging plane
c. Coronal imaging plane
d. Off-axis (oblique) imaging plane

A

b. Sagittal imaging plane

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2
Q
  1. Figure B.1 is an example of a:

a. T1- weighted image
b. T2- weighted image
c. Spin (proton) density-weighted image
d. T2*- weighted image
e. None of the above

A

a. T1- weighted image

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3
Q
  1. Figure B.1 is likely to be acquired with:

a. Short TR and Short TE
b. Short TR and Long TE
c. Long TR and Long TE
d. Long TR and short TE

A

a. Short TR and Short TE

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4
Q
  1. On Figure B.1 arrow A is pointing to the:

a. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
b. Subcutaneous fat
c. Superior sagittal sinus
d. Frontal sinus

A

c. Superior sagittal sinus

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5
Q
  1. On Figure B.1 the tissue indicated by arrow A is made up primarily of:

a. White matter
b. Gray matter
c. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
d. Flowing blood

A

d. Flowing blood

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6
Q
  1. On Figure B.1 arrow B is pointing to the:

a. Frontal lobe
b. Parietal lobe
c. Occipital lobe
d. Temporal lobe

A

b. Parietal lobe

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7
Q
  1. On Figure B.1 the tissue indicated by arrow B is made up primarily of:
    a. White matter
    b. Gray matter
    c. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
    d. Bone
A

b. Gray matter

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8
Q
  1. On Figure B.1 arrow C is pointing to the:

a. Parietal lobe
b. Frontal lobe
c. Internal auditory canals
d. Fourth ventricle

A

b. Frontal lobe

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9
Q
  1. Figure B.1 arrow D is pointing to the:

a. Caudate nucleus
b. Genu of the corpus callosum
c. Internal capsule
d. Pituitary gland

A

b. Genus of the corpus callosum

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10
Q
  1. On Figure B.1 the tissue indicated by arrow D is made up primarily of:

a. White matter
b. Gray matter
c. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
d. Bone

A

a. White matter

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11
Q
  1. On Figure B.1 arrow E is pointing to the:

a. Thalamus
b. Corpus callosum
c. Lentiform nucelus
d. Pituitary stalk (infundibulum)

A

a. Thalamus

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12
Q
  1. On Figure B.1 arrow F is pointing to the:

a. Pituitary stalk
b. Infundibulum
c. Optic chiasm
d. Optic nerve

A

c. Optic chiasm

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13
Q
  1. On Figure B.1 arrow F is pointing to the:

a. Pituitary gland
b. Pineal gland
c. Thalamus
d. Lentiform nucleus

A

a. Pituitary gland

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14
Q
  1. On Figure B.1 arrow H is pointing to the:

a. Medulla oblongata
b. Pons
c. Spinal cord
d. Midbrain

A

b. Pons

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15
Q
  1. On Figure B.1 arrow H is pointing to a structure that one component of the brainstem. The components that make up the brainstem include the:

a. Hypothalamus, hyperthalamus, and right and left thamalus
b. Caudate nucelus, lentiform nucleus, and thalamus (right and left)
c. Pons, medulla, and midbrain (cerebral peduncles)
d. Anterior cerebral arteries (right and left), posterior arteries (right and left), anterior communicating artery, and posterior communicating arteries (right and left)

A

c. Pons, medulla, and midbrain (cerebral peduncles)

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16
Q
  1. The components that make up the basil ganglia include the:

a. Hypothalamus, hyperthalamus, and right and left thamalus
b. Caudate nucleus, lentiform nucleus, and thalamus (right and left)
c. Pons, medulla, and midbrain (cerebral peduncles)
d. Anterior cerebral arteries (right and left), posterior arteries (right and left), anterior communicating artery, and posterior communicating arteries (right and left)

A

b. Caudate nucleus, lentiform nucleus, and thalamus (right and left)

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17
Q
  1. The components that make up the circle of Willis include the:

a. Hypothalamus, hyperthalamus, and right and left thamalus
b. Caudate nucleus, lentiform nucleus, and thalamus (right and left)
c. Pons, medulla, and midbrain (cerebral peduncles)
d. Anterior cerebral arteries (right and left), posterior arteries (right and left), anterior communicating artery, and posterior communicating arteries (right and left)

A

d. Anterior cerebral arteries (right and left), posterior arteries (right and left), anterior communicating artery, and posterior communicating arteries (right and left)

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18
Q
  1. The components that make up the diencephalon include the:

a. Hypothalamus, hyperthalamus, and right and left thamalus
b. Caudate nucleus, lentiform nucleus, and thalamus (right and left)
c. Pons, medulla, and midbrain (cerebral peduncles)
d. Anterior cerebral arteries (right and left), posterior arteries (right and left), anterior communicating artery, and posterior communicating arteries (right and left)

A

a. Hypothalamus, hyperthalamus, and right and left thamalus

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19
Q
  1. On Figure B.1 arrow I is pointing to the:

a. Skull
b. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
c. Subcutaneous fat
d. Meninges

A

c. Subcutaneous fat

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20
Q
  1. On Figure B.1 arrow J is pointing to the:

a. Anterior (frontal) horn of the lateral ventricle
b. Posterior (occipital) horn of the lateral ventricle
c. Third ventricle
d. Fourth ventricle

A

a. Anterior (frontal) horn of the lateral ventricle

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21
Q
  1. On Figure B.1 the tissue indicated by arrow J is made up primarily of:

a. White matter
b. Gray matter
c. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
d. Flowing blood

A

c. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

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22
Q
  1. On Figure B.1 arrow K is pointing to the:

a. Genu of the corpus callosum
b. Body of the corpus callosum
c. Splenium of the corpus callosum
d. Choroid plexus

A

c. Splenium of the corpus callosum

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23
Q
  1. On Figure B.1 arow L is pointing to the:

a. Anterior horn of the lateral ventricle
b. Posterior horn of the lateral ventricle
c. Cerebral aqueduct
d. Third ventricle

A

c. Cerebral aqueduct

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24
Q
  1. On Figure B.1 the tissue indicated by arrow L is made primarily of:

a. White matter
b. Gray matter
c. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
d. Bone

A

c. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

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25
Q
  1. On Figure B.1 arrow M is pointing to the:

a. Anterior horn of the lateral ventricle
b. Posterior horn of the lateral ventricle
c. Third ventricle
d. Fourth ventricle

A

d. Fourth ventricle

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26
Q
  1. On Figure B.1 the tissue indicated by arrow M is made primarily of:

a. White matter
b. Gray matter
c. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
d. Bone

A

c. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

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27
Q
  1. On Figure B.1 arrow N is pointing to the:

a. Frontal lobe
b. Parietal lobe
c. Occipital lobe
d. Cerebellar lobe

A

d. Cerebellar lobe

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28
Q
  1. On Figure B.1 arrow O is pointing to the:

a. Medulla oblongata
b. Pons
c. Spinal cord
d. Midbrain

A

c. Spinal cord

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29
Q
  1. On Figure B.1 the tissue indicated by arrow O is made up primarily of:

a. White matter
b. Gray matter
c. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
d. Bone

A

b. Gray matter

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30
Q
  1. It is likely that Figure B.1 was acquired with a:

a. Body transmit/receive coil
b. Head transmit/receive coil
c. 5-inch round local or surface receive-only coil
d. Endorectal coil

A

b. Head transmit/receive coil

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31
Q
  1. The best view for the base of the tongue and the epiglottis is the:

a. Coronal
b. Oblique
c. Sagittal
d. Axial

A

c. Sagittal

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32
Q
  1. To optimise brain imaging when evaluating patients for metastatic disease, an FDA-approved contrast agent can be administered:

a. With single dose followed by rapid imaging
b. With triple dose followed by rapid imaging
c. With single dose and imaging followed by twice the does again afters 30 minutes
d. a and b

A

c. With single dose and imaging followed by twice the does again afters 30 minutes

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33
Q
  1. The patient with a history of seizures can be imaged using cardiac gating:

a. To minimise pulsatile flow motion artifact in the temporal lobes
b. To monitor the patient for potential seizures
c. To avoid talking to the patient throughout the study
d. To make vessels appear black

A

a. To minimise pulsatile flow motion artifact in the temporal lobes

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34
Q
  1. The best view to evaluate patients with seizures is:

a. Sagittal
b. Axial
c. Coronal
d. Sagittal oblique

A

c. Coronal

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35
Q
  1. When a patient arrives as the imaging centre with a cranial scar, the technologist should:

a. Immediately perform the MRI scan to find out what surgery they underwent
b. Screen the patient, their doctor, and/or family to find out what type of surgery they have had.
c. Ignore the scar
d. Cover the head with a sterile drape

A

b. Screen the patient, their doctor, and/or family to find out what type of surgery they have had.

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36
Q
  1. When scanning patients to rule out brain tumors, the weighted images acquired to evaluate the extent of the lesion, after injection of gadolinium are:

a. T1
b. T2
c. Proton density
d. T2* gradient echo

A

a. T1

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37
Q
  1. When imaging a patient with decreased consciousness, an area of high signal intensity is noted on both the T1- and T2-weighted images. The type of lesion is likely to be:

a. A metastatic lesion
b. An abscess
c. A haemorrhage (methemoglobin)
d. A neurofibroma

A

c. A haemorrhage (methemoglobin)

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38
Q
  1. To best visualise the pituitary gland in MRI, the optimal planes for high-resolution T1-weighted images are:

a. Sagittal and coronal
b. Coronal and axial
c. Axial and sagittal
d. Sagittal, axial, and coronal

A

a. Sagittal and coronal

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39
Q
  1. For a patient with a suspected pituitary microadenoma, contrast is injected, and imaging is performed:

a. Rapidly because lesions enhance early
b. Rapidly because lesions have low signal intensity compared to the enhanced pituitary gland
c. With delayed imaging because lesions enhance slowly, and the pituitary gland does not enhance
d. With no specific timing considerations

A

b. Rapidly because lesions have low signal intensity compared to the enhanced pituitary gland

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40
Q
  1. The optimal plane(s) for high-resolution T1- weighted images of the internal auditory canals (IACs) include:
  2. Sagittal
  3. Axial
  4. Coronal
  5. Oblique

a. 1 and 3 only
b. 2 and 3 only
c. 1 and 2 only
d. 1,2 3, and 4

A

b. 2 and 3 only

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41
Q
  1. When imaging the brain of a child under 1 year of age (since the brain is not fully developed or myelinated), the BEST visualisation of gray and white matter differences is demonstrated on _________________, whereby white matter is hyperintense to gray matter

a. T1- weighted spin echo
b. T2- weighted spin echo
c. Spoiled gradient echo
d. Inversion recovery

A

d. Inversion recovery

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42
Q
  1. Typical brain protocols consist of:
  2. Sagittal T1-weighted spin echo (SE)
  3. Axial T2-weighted fast spin echo (FSE)
  4. Axial spoiled gradient echo (GrE)
  5. Axial FLAIR images or axial PDWI
  6. Coronal T2-weighted FSE
  7. Axial Diffusion

a. 1, 2 and 3 only
b. 1, 2 and 4 only
c. 1, 2, 4 and 6 only
d. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6

A

c. 1, 2, 4 and 6 only

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43
Q
  1. Figure B.2 was acquired in the:

a. Axial imaging plane
b. Sagittal imaging plane
c. Coronal imaging plane
d. Off-axis (oblique) imaging plane

A

a. Axial imaging plane

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44
Q
  1. Figure B.2 is an example of a:

a. T1-weighted image
b. T2- weighted image
c. Spin (proton) density- weighted image
d. T2*- weighted image
e. All of the above

A

c. Spin (proton) density- weighted image

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45
Q
  1. On Figure B.2 arrow A is pointing to:

a. Corpus callosum
b. Caudate nucleus
c. Cerebral cortex
d. Lateral ventricle

A

c. Cerebral cortex

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46
Q
  1. On Figure B.2 arrow A is pointing to a structure composed of tissue made up primarily of:

a. White matter
b. Gray matter
c. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
d. Muscle

A

b. Gray matter

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47
Q
  1. On Figure B.2 arrow B is pointing to the:

a. Genu of the corpus callosum
b. Body of the corpus callosum
c. Splenium of the corpus callosum
d. Lateral ventricle

A

a. Genu of the corpus callosum

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48
Q
  1. On Figure B.2 the structure indicated by arrow B is composed of tissue made primarily of:

a. White matter
b. Gray matter
c. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
d. Muscle

A

a. White matter

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49
Q
  1. On Figure B.2 arrow C is pointing to the:

a. Caudate nucleus
b. Lentiform nucleus
c. Internal capsule
d. Claustrum

A

a. Caudate nucleus

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50
Q
  1. On figure B.2 the structure indicated by arrow C is composed of tissue made up primarily of:

a. White matter
b. Gray matter
c. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
d. Muscle

A

b. Gray matter

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51
Q
  1. On Figure B.2 arrow D is pointing to the:

a. Caudate nucleus
b. Lentiform nucleus
c. Internal capsule
d. Claustrum

A

c. Internal capsule

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52
Q
  1. On Figure B.2 the structure indicated by arrow D is composed of tissue made up primarily of:

a. White matter
b. Gray matter
c. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
d. Muscle

A

a. White matter

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53
Q
  1. It is likely that Figure B.2 was acquired with a:

a. Short TR and Short TE
b. Long TR and Long TE
c. Short TR and long TE
d. Long TR and short TE

A

d. Long TR and short TE

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54
Q
  1. On Figure B.2 arrow E is pointing to the:

a. Caudate nucleus
b. Lentiform nucleus
c. Internal capsule
d. Claustrum

A

b. Lentiform nucleus

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55
Q
  1. On Figure B.2 arrow F is pointing to the:

a. Caudate nucleus
b. Lentiform nucleus
c. Internal capsule
d. Thalamus

A

d. Thalamus

56
Q
  1. On Figure B.2 arrow G is pointing to the:

a. Right, anterior (frontal) horn of the lateral ventricle
b. Left, anterior (frontal) horn of the lateral ventricle
c. Left, posterior (occipital) horn of the lateral ventricle
d. Right, posterior (occipital) horn of the lateral ventricle

A

d. Right, posterior (occipital) horn of the lateral ventricle

57
Q
  1. ON Figure B.2 arrow H is pointing to the:

a. Genu of the corus callosum
b. Body of the corpus callosum
c. Splenium of the corpus callosum
d. Lateral ventricle

A

c. Splenium of the corpus callosum

58
Q
  1. On short TR/TE spin echo (or fast spin echo) imaging sequences, white matter appears:

a. Hypertintense to gray matter
b. Hypointense to gray matter
c. Hypointense to CSF
d. Isointense to gray matter

A

a. Hypertintense to gray matter

59
Q
  1. The cranial nerves running through the internal auditory canals are:

a. IV and V
b. V and VI
c. VI and VII
d. VII and VIII
e. VIII and IX

A

d. VII and VIII

60
Q
  1. The ACR guidelines for brain imaging suggest that the minimum imaging procedure should include a three-plane localiser (or scout) image and:
  2. Sagittal T1WI
  3. Axial T2WI
  4. Axial PDWI and/or axial FLAIR
  5. Axial T1WI pre and post gadolinium
  6. Coronal T1WI
  7. Diffusion imaging

a. 1, 2, 3 4 and 5
b. 1, 2, 4 and 6
c. 1, 2, 3 and 6
d. 1, 2, 3 4, 5 and 6

A

c. 1, 2, 3 and 6

61
Q
  1. The images in Figure B.3 were acquired in the:

a. Axial imaging plane
b. Sagittal imaging plane
c. Coronal imaging plane
d. Off-axis (oblique) imaging plane

A

a. Axial imaging plane

62
Q
  1. Typical diffusion images (Figure B.3) are typically acquired with a B-value of

a. 4000 ms
b. 100 ms
c. 2200 ms
d. 1000 ms

A

d. 1000 ms

63
Q
  1. On Figure B.3 (left) arrow A is pointing to the:

a. Sylvian fissure
b. Lateral fissure
c. Middle cerebral artery
d. Frontal lobe of the brain

A

d. Frontal lobe of the brain

64
Q
  1. On Figure B.3 (left) arrow B is pointing to a structure known as ALL of the following EXCEPT the:

a. Sylvian fissure
b. Lateral fissure
c. Middle cerebral artery
d. Frontal lobe of the brain

A

d. Frontal lobe of the brain

65
Q
  1. On Figure B.3 (left) the arrow C is pointing to the:

a. Frontal horn of the lateral ventricle
b. Posterior horn of the lateral ventricle
c. Temporal horn of the ventricle
d. Third ventricle
e. Fourth ventricle

A

d. Third ventricle

66
Q
  1. On Figure B.3 (left) arrow D is pointing to the:

a. Frontal horn of the lateral ventricle
b. Posterior horn of the lateral ventricle
c. Temporal horn of the ventricle
d. Third ventricle
e. Fourth ventricle

A

b. Posterior horn of the lateral ventricle

67
Q
  1. On a typical diffusion image (Figure B. 3, left), the signal indicated by arrow E represents:
    a. Chronic infarct
    b. Old stroke
    c. Transient ischemic attack (TIA)
    d. Early (hyperacute) infarct
A

d. Early (hyperacute) infarct

68
Q
  1. On Figure B.3 high signal in the right posterior portion of the brain is visulaised on the diffusion image (left) but not on the FALIR image (right) because:

a. Old stroke has a high fluid content
b. Old stroke has unrestricted molecular diffusion
c. New stroke has restricted molecular diffusion
d. New stroke demonstrates T2 shine through

A

c. New stroke has restricted molecular diffusion

69
Q
  1. For most brain imaging procedures, the patient us positioned ________ and centered for landmark at the __________.

a. Prone/ acantho-meatal line
b. Supine/ nasion
c. Supine/ external auditory meatus
d. None of the above

A

b. Supine/ nasion

70
Q
  1. For the evaluation of a patient with “tinnitus” images should be centered” at the level of the:

a. Submento- vertex
b. Nasion
c. Glabella
d. External auditory meatus (EAM)

A

d. External auditory meatus (EAM)

71
Q
  1. For optimal imaging of the thyroid gland, patients are positioned:

a. Supine and the head coil is pulled all the way down over the neck
b. Supine and local coils are placed on the anterior neck
c. Supine and the body coil is used to ensure large FOV
d. Prone and local coils are placed on the posterior neck

A

b. Supine and local coils are placed on the anterior neck

72
Q
  1. Figure B.4 was acquired in the:

a. Axial imaging plane
b. Sagittal imaging plane
c. Coronal imaging plane
d. Off-axis (oblique) imaging plane

A

c. Coronal imaging plane

73
Q
  1. Figure B.4 is an example of a:

a. T1-weighted image
b. T2- weighted image
c. Spin (proton) density- weighted image
d. T2*- weighted image
e. All of the above

A

b. T2- weighted image

74
Q
  1. Figure B.4 was likely with a spin echo or fast spin echo acquisition with a:

a. Short TR and short TE
b. Short TR and long TE
c. Long TR and long TE
d. Long TR and short TE

A

c. Long TR and long TE

75
Q
  1. On Figure B.4 arrow A is pointing to the:

a. Superior sagittal sinus
b. Inferior sagittal sinus
c. Straight sinus
d. Transverse sinus

A

a. Superior sagittal sinus

76
Q
  1. On Figure B.4 arrow B is pointing to the:

a. Longitudinal fissure
b. Sylvian fissure
c. Lateral fissure
d. Tentorium

A

a. Longitudinal fissure

77
Q
  1. On Figure B.4 arrow C is pointing to the:

a. Genu of the Corpus callosum
b. Body of the corpus callosum
c. Splenium of the corpus callosum
d. Lateral ventricle

A

b. Body of the corpus callosum

78
Q
  1. On Fibure B.4 arrow D is pointing to the:

a. Right, anterior (frontal) horn of the lateral ventricle
b. Left, anterior (frontal) horn of the lateral ventricle
c. Left, posterior (occipital) horn of the lateral ventricle
d. Right, posterior (occipital) horn of the lateral ventricle

A

a. Right, anterior (frontal) horn of the lateral ventricle

79
Q
  1. On Figure B.4 arrow E is pointing to a:

a. Longitudinal fissure
b. Sylvian fissure
c. Lateral fissure
d. b and c

A

d. b and c

80
Q
  1. On Figure B.4 arrow F is pointing to the:

a. Frontal lobe
b. Parietal lobe
c. Thalamus
d. Occipital lobe

A

c. Thalamus

81
Q
  1. On Figure B.4 arrow G is pointing to the:

a. Frontal lobe
b. Parietal lobe
c. Temporal lobe (hippocampus)
d. Occipital lobe

A

c. Temporal lobe (hippocampus)

82
Q
  1. On Figure B.4 arrow H is pointing to a:

a. Longitudinal fissure
b. Sylvian fissure
c. Lateral fissure
d. Tentorium

A

d. Tentorium

83
Q
  1. On Figure B.4 arrow I is pointing to the:

a. Right, anterior (frontal) horn of the lateral ventricle
b. Left, anterior (frontal) horn of the lateral ventricle
c. Third ventricle
d. Fourth ventricle

A

d. Fourth ventricle

84
Q
  1. On Figure B.4 arrow J is pointing to the:

a. Frontal lobe
b. Parietal lobe
c. Occipital lobe
d. Cerebellum

A

d. Cerebellum

85
Q
  1. On Figure B.4 the CSF appears bright because:

a. Water has a short T2 relaxation time
b. Water has a long T2 relaxation time
c. Water has a short T1 relaxation time
d. Water has a high proton density

A

b. Water has a long T2 relaxation time

86
Q
  1. The difference between the images demonstrated if Figure B.5 is the:

a. Image on the left is a fat suppressed image
b. Image on the right is a fat suppressed image
c. Image on the left shows gadolinium enhancement
d. Image on the right shows gadolinium enhancement

A

c. Image on the left shows gadolinium enhancement

87
Q
  1. Gadolinium contrast media provides images whereby enhancing structures (e.g. vessels or lesions) appear _____ on T1-weighted images.

a. Hyperintense
b. Hypointense
c. Isointense
d. Dark

A

a. Hyperintense

88
Q
  1. Tissues with Short T1 relaxation time (like fat and gadolinium = enhancing structures) appear __________ as compared to normal structures n T1-weighted images.

a. Hyperintense/ brighter than
b. Hypointense/ darker than
c. Isointense/ the same signal intensity as
d. Dark

A

a. Hyperintense/ brighter than

89
Q
  1. Dynamic susceptibility- weighted imaging (DCWI) is performed for the evaluation of stroke. T2* MR images are acquired before, during and after the administration of gadolinium, to provide images whereby normal brain appears ______ to brain effected by stroke.

a. Hyperintense
b. Hypointense
c. Isointense
d. Dark

A

b. Hypointense

90
Q
  1. Figure B.5 was likely to have been acquired with a spin echo (or fast spin echo) sequence using:

a. Long TR/ long TE
b. Long TR/ short TE
c. Short TR/ short TE
d. Short TR/ long TE

A

c. Short TR/ short TE

91
Q
  1. Figure B.5 was acquired in the:

a. Axial imaging plane
b. Sagittal imaging plane
c. Coronal imaging plane
d. Off-axis (oblique) imaging plane

A

a. Axial imaging plane

92
Q
  1. On Figure B.5 arrow A is pointing to the:

a. Anterior (frontal) horn of the lateral ventricle
b. Posterior (occipital) horn of the lateral ventricle
c. Third ventricle
d. Fourth ventricle

A

a. Anterior (frontal) horn of the lateral ventricle

93
Q
  1. On Figure B.5 the tissue indicated by arrow A is made primarily of:

a. White matter
b. Gray matter
c. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
d. Bone

A

c. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

94
Q
  1. On Figure B.5 arrow B is pointing to the:

a. Septum pellucidum
b. Lateral ventricle
c. Sylvian fissure
d. Lateral fissure
e. c and d

A

a. Septum pellucidum

95
Q
  1. On Figure B.5 arrow C is pointing to the:

a. Septum pellucidum
b. Lateral ventricle
c. Sylvian fissure
d. Lateral fissure
e. c and d

A

e. c and d

96
Q
  1. On Figure B.5 arrow D is pointing to the:

a. Right, anterior cerebral arteries
b. Left, posterior cerebral arteries
c. Left, lacunar branches of the middle cerebral artery
d. Right, basilar artery

A

c. Left, lacunar branches of the middle cerebral artery

97
Q
  1. On Figure B.5 arrow E is pointing to the:

a. Right Anterior (frontal) horn of the lateral ventricle
b. Left Posterior (occipital) horn of the lateral ventricle
c. Third ventricle
d. Fourth ventricle

A

b. Left Posterior (occipital) horn of the lateral ventricle

98
Q
  1. On Figure B.5 arrow F pointing to the:

a. Septum pellucidum
b. Falx cerebri
c. Falx cerebellari
d. Choroid plexus

A

b. Falx cerebri

99
Q
  1. On Figure B.5 arrow G is pointing to the:

a. Superior sagittal sinus
b. Inferior sagittal sinus
c. Transverse sinus
d. Sigmoid sinus

A

a. Superior sagittal sinus

100
Q
  1. On Figure B.5 arrow H is pointing to the:

a. Frontal lobe
b. Parietal lobe
c. Temporal lobe
d. Occipital lobe

A

d. Occipital lobe

101
Q
  1. The MR images in Figure B.6 are displayed without a with contrast media. The images are T1WI without and with contrast. The lesion on the enhanced image appears bright because gadolinium:

a. Shortens the T1 relaxation time
b. Increases (lengthens) the T1 relaxation time
c. Shortens the T2 relaxation time
d. Increases (lengthens) the T2 relaxation time

A

a. Shortens the T1 relaxation time

102
Q
  1. The series of nine T2* images (Figure B. 6b) are EPI gradient echo sequence acquired before (upper left), during and after the administration of contrast (bottom right). The brain tissue on the enhanced image appears darker because gadolinium:

a. Shortens the T1 relaxation time
b. Increases (lengthens) the T1 relaxation time
c. Shortens the T2 (and T2) relaxation times
d. Increases (lengthens) the T2 (and T2) relaxation times

A

c. Shortens the T2 (and T2*) relaxation times

103
Q
  1. The decreases myelination found in brains of children under 1 year old results in a lack of image contrast. Consequently, in comparison to scanning adults, to achieve T2-weighted images during paediatric brain imaging often requires:

a. Longer TE
b. Longer TR
c. Longer T1
d. Higher flip angle

A

a. Longer TE

104
Q
  1. When performing an MRA of the cerebral arteries, a saturation band should be placed ___________ to axial slices.

a. Anterior
b. Posterior
c. Superior
d. Inferior

A

d. Inferior

105
Q
  1. Figure B.7 is projected in the:

a. Axial imaging plane
b. Sagittal imaging plane
c. Coronal imaging plane
d. Off-axis (oblique) imaging plane

A

a. Axial imaging plane

106
Q
  1. Acquired by magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), Figure B.7 is an example of a:

a. Reformatted image
b. Segmented image
c. Collapsed image
d. Contrast-enhanced image

A

c. Collapsed image

107
Q
  1. On Figure B.7 arrow A is pointing to the:

a. Right anterior cerebral artery
b. Left anterior cerebral artery
c. Right middle cerebral artery
d. Left middle cerebral artery

A

a. Right anterior cerebral artery

108
Q
  1. On Figure B.7 arrow B is pointing to the:

a. Right anterior cerebral artery
b. Left anterior cerebral artery
c. Right middle cerebral artery
d. Left middle cerebral artery

A

a. Right anterior cerebral artery

109
Q
  1. On Figure B.7 arrow C is pointing to the:

a. Right anterior cerebral artery
b. Left anterior cerebral artery
c. Right middle cerebral artery
d. Left middle cerebral artery

A

c. Right middle cerebral artery

110
Q
  1. On Figure B.7 arrow D is pointing to the:

a. Posterior communicating artery
b. Middle cerebral artery
c. Vertebral basilar artery
d. Anterior cerebral artery
e. Anterior communicating artery

A

e. Anterior communicating artery

111
Q
  1. On Figure B.7 arrow E is pointing to the:

a. Posterior communicating artery
b. Middle cerebral artery
c. Vertebral basilar artery
d. Anterior cerebral artery
e. Anterior communicating artery

A

a. Posterior communicating artery

112
Q
  1. On figure B.7 arrow F is pointing to the:

a. Right anterior cerebral artery
b. Left anterior cerebral artery
c. Right posterior cerebral artery
d. Left posterior cerebral artery

A

c. Right posterior cerebral artery

113
Q
  1. On figure B.7 arrow G is pointing to the:

a. Right anterior cerebral artery
b. Left anterior cerebral artery
c. Right posterior cerebral artery
d. Left posterior cerebral artery

A

d. Left posterior cerebral artery

114
Q
  1. When using MRA to evaluate intracranial vascularity, flow within smaller (high velocity blood flow) can be best demonstrated by:

a. 2D time of flight MRA
b. 3D time of flight MRA
c. 3D phase contrast MRA
d. a and b

A

b. 3D time of flight MRA

115
Q
  1. When using MR to evaluate extracranial vascular flow. such as that within carotid arteries, a recommended technique is:

a. 2D time of flight MRA
b. 3D time of flight MRA
c. 3D phase contrast MRA
d. a and b

A

a. 2D time of flight MRA

116
Q
  1. When using MRA to evaluate peripheral vascular flow, such as that within the arteries of the legs, saturation pulses are:

a. Placed superior to the acquired slices
b. Placed in the acquired slices
c. Placed inferior to the acquire slices
d. Not necessary

A

c. Placed inferior to the acquire slices

117
Q
  1. The cranial nerve associated with the optic nerve is the:

a. First cranial nerve
b. Second cranial nerve
c. Third cranial nerve
d. Vagus nerve

A

b. Second cranial nerve

118
Q
  1. The standard dose for gadolinium contrast media for imaging of the central nervous system (CNS) is:

a. 1.0 mL/ kg (commonly known as cc/kg)
b. 10mL/ kg (commonly known as cc/kg)
c. 1 mmol/ kg
d. 0.1mL/ mmol (commonly known as cc/mmol)

A

d. 0.1mL/ mmol (commonly known as cc/mmol)

119
Q
  1. The MRA technique that is typically used for the evaluation of venous structures of the head is:

a. 2D TOF
b. 3D TOF
c. Contrast-enhanced MRA
d. PC MRA

A

d. PC MRA

120
Q
  1. On Figure B.8 arrow A is pointing to:

a. Right transverse sinus
b. Left transverse sinus
c. Superior sagittal sinus
d. Inferior sagittal sinus

A

c. Superior sagittal sinus

121
Q
  1. On Figure B.8 arrow B is pointing to the:

a. Right transverse sinus
b. Left transverse sinus
c. Superior sagittal sinus
d. Inferior sagittal sinus

A

c. Superior sagittal sinus

122
Q
  1. On Figure B.8 arrow C is pointing to the:

a. Right transverse sinus
b. Left transverse sinus
c. Superior sagittal sinus
d. Inferior sagittal sinus

A

b. Left transverse sinus

123
Q
  1. On Figure B.8 arrow D is pointing to the:

a. Right transverse sinus
b. Left transverse sinus
c. Superior sagittal sinus
d. Inferior sagittal sinus

A

a. Right transverse sinus

124
Q
  1. On Figure B.8 arrow E is pointing to the:

a. Transverse sinus
b. Superior sagittal sinus
c. Confluence of sinuses
d. Sigmoid sinus
e. Internal jugular vein

A

c. Confluence of sinuses

125
Q
  1. On Figure B.8 arrow F is pointing to the:

a. Transverse sinus
b. Superior sagittal sinus
c. Confluence of sinuses
d. Sigmoid sinus
e. Internal jugular vein

A

d. Sigmoid sinus

126
Q
  1. On Figure B.8 arrow G is pointing to the:

a. Transverse sinus
b. Superior sagittal sinus
c. Confluence of sinuses
d. Sigmoid sinus
e. Internal jugular vein

A

e. Internal jugular vein

127
Q
  1. On figure B.9 arrow A is pointing to the:

a. Internal carotid artery
b. External carotid artery
c. Vertebral artery
d. Subclavian artery

A

a. Internal carotid artery

128
Q
  1. On Figure B.9 arrow B is pointing to the:

a. Internal carotid artery
b. External carotid artery
c. Vertebral artery
d. Subclavian artery

A

a. Internal carotid artery

129
Q
  1. On Figure B.9 arrow C is pointing to the:

a. Internal carotid artery
b. External carotid artery
c. Vertebral artery
d. Subclavian artery

A

a. Internal carotid artery

130
Q
  1. On Figure B.9 arrow D is pointing to the:

a. Internal carotid artery
b. External carotid artery
c. Vertebral artery
d. Subclavian artery

A

b. External carotid artery

131
Q
  1. On Figure B.9 arrow E is pointing to the:

a. Internal carotid artery
b. External carotid artery
c. Vertebral artery
d. Subclavian artery

A

c. Vertebral artery

132
Q
  1. On Figure B.9 arrow F is pointing to the:

a. Internal carotid artery
b. External carotid artery
c. Common carotid artery
d. Subclavian artery

A

c. Common carotid artery

133
Q
  1. On Figure B.9 arrow G is pointing to the:

a. Internal carotid artery
b. External carotid artery
c. Vertebral artery
d. Subclavian artery

A

d. Subclavian artery

134
Q
  1. The 3D contrast-enhanced MRI images of the neck vasculature shown in Figure B.9 is acquired in the:

a. Sagittal imaging plane
b. Axial imaging plane
c. Coronal plane
d. Oblique plane

A

c. Coronal plane

135
Q
  1. On the coronal display of the neck vasculature the vertebral arteries are located:

a. Medial to the carotid arteries
b. Superior to the carotid arteries
c. Lateral to the carotid arteries
d. Inferior to the carotid arteries

A

a. Medial to the carotid arteries

136
Q
  1. For optimal imaging of the thyroid gland, patients are positioned:

a. Supine and the head coil is pulled all the way down over the neck
b. Supine and local coils are placed on the anterior neck
c. Supine and the body coil is sued to endure a large FOV
d. Prone and local oils are placed on the posterior neck

A

b. Supine and local coils are placed on the anterior neck

137
Q
  1. Contrast media is utilised in CNS imaging for the evaluation of:

a. Infection
b. Infarction
c. Inflammation
d. Neoplasm
e. All of the above

A

e. All of the above

Review Questions for MRI- Carolyn Roth & William Faulkner Jr. (18 decks)

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