part 7 Flashcards
(100 cards)
The renal-blood fluid system for regulating blood pressure uses what?
The Kidneys.
What part of the kidneys and what other system is involved with the renal-blood fluid system?
the nephron and the renin-angiotensin system.
How fast and effective is the renal-blood fluid system at regulating blood pressure?
slow but a VERY high gain Some say it is infinite because it removes fluid from body.
The renal-blood fluid system is the _______ mechanism.
Ultimate
Renal -blood fluid system relies on a phenomenon known as what?
Diuresis.
What is Diuresis?
Formation of Urine.
What is pressure diuresis?
increase arterial blood pressure and increase water disposal.
What is pressure natriuresis?
increase arterial blood pressure and increase salt disposal.
The renal-blood fluid mechanism is due to what?
Pressure
Explain how drinking water increases urine?
increase extracellular fluid increase blood volume, this increases mean systemic blood pressure, and this increases venous return, and this increases cardiac output, This increases arterial BP and this increases pressure diuresis.
What is harder to do pressure diuresis or pressure natriutesis?
Pressure natriuresis. Excreting salt is harder that water.
What are 2 long term determinants of long-term arterial pressure?
- Level of water and salt intake. 2. Behavior of kidneys.
What are factors in kidney behavior that effects the renal-blood fluid system?
addition of hormonal controls and abnormal nephrons.
What will the chronic renal output curve look like?
it is a very very sharp curve that shows salt intake or output is directly related to extracellular fluid volume.
What will angiotensin do to the kidneys?
Makes them retain salt and water.
What will angiotensisn do to the adrenal glands?
increase aldosterone secretion which increases salt and water retention in the kidneys.
What is hypertension (#’s)?
Systemic blood pressure greater than or equal to 140 and/or diastolic blood pressure that is less than or equal to 90.
What is primary and secondary hypertension?
Primary- origins of hypertension are unknown. Secondary- origins of hypertension are known.
What is a diuretic?
A drug that makes the kidneys make more urine.
Short term systems that regulate blood pressure do what?
Alter the cardiac output and alter the peripheral resistance.
Long term systems that regulate blood pressure do what?
Alter the volume of blood in the vascular compartment.
What type of disorder is renal artery stenosis?
a vascular stenosis to the kidneys.
What is renal artery stenosis usually due to?
atherosclerosis.
Renal artery stenosis is a secondary hypertension called what?
Renal vascular hypertension.