part 6

Question 1

main blood functions

Answer 1

homeostasis (plasma)
body supply (erythrocytes/plasma)
waste collection (erythrocytes/plasma)
defence (leukocytes)
coagulation (platelets)

Question 2

normal leukocyte count

Answer 2

4-10 * 10^3/L

Question 3

granulocytes

Answer 3

type of leukocyte
life span = 1-2 days
neutrophils (encapsulated bacteria)
basophils + eosinophils (allergic response + parasites)

Question 4

lymphocytes

Answer 4

type of leukocytes
B-cells, T-cells, NK-cells
life span = days to years

Question 5

monocytes

Answer 5

type of leukocyte
for phagocytosis and cytokine production
life span = 12 hours
macrophages = tissue monocytes

Question 6

thrombocytes

Answer 6

vWF binding –> coagulation cascade

life span = 8-10 days

Question 7

self renewal

Answer 7

going through different cell cycles w/o differentiating

Question 8

symmetrical division

Answer 8

daughter cells are same as starter cell

Question 9

asymmetrical division

Answer 9

1 of the daughter cells differentiates

Question 10

common lymphoid progenitor

Answer 10

turns into: T cells, B cells, NK cells, dendritic cells

Question 11

common myeloid progenitor

Answer 11

turns into the rest and also dendritic cells

Question 12

embryonic hematopoiesis

Answer 12

first done by yolk sac
week 6-24: by liver and spleen
week 11- 24: partially by bone marrow
after week 24: all bone marrow

Question 13

left-shift of neutrophils

Answer 13

meaning there are more immature forms due to increased production

Question 14

T cells: positive selection

Answer 14

T-cells that can bind to self MHC

Question 15

T cells: negative selection

Answer 15

elimination of T cells that can bind to self antigen

Question 16

thrombopoiesis

Answer 16

fragmentation of megakaryocytes (= precursor of thrombocytes)